Molecular Epidemiology of Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Chin, Bum Sik

doi:10.3947/ic.2017.49.1.1

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…The most prevalent HIV subtype in Korea is subtype B. According to the molecular biology analysis, Korean Clade B, which differs from the virus found in other countries, was the most common isolate [4]. Cases of HIV-2 infection among Koreans have also been reported [5].…”

Section: Molecular Epidemiological Characteristics Of Hiv Infection Imentioning

confidence: 99%

History of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome in Korea

Kim

Choi

et al. 2020

Infect Chemother

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The first human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection was reported in Korea in 1985. The number of HIV-infected persons domestically increased in the 1990s showing epidemic indigenousization. Since then, the number of new infections gradually increased every year, and recently more than 1,000 newly infected cases were reported per year. A total of 12,522 infected individuals have been reported up to 2015, of which 2,020 died. The male to female ratio was 15.4:1, and 34.2% of them were under 30 years old. The infection route was homosexual and bisexual contact in 60.1% of cases and heterosexual contact in 34.6% of cases. Candidiasis, Pneumocystis pneumonia, tuberculosis were common as a AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome)-defining illness. But with the introduction of antiretroviral therapy in the late 1990s, non-AIDS defining illnesses such as metabolic complications, cardiovascular diseases, bone diseases, and neuropsychiatric disorders such as neurocognitive dysfunction, depression, and anxiety are emerging as new health problems. The management policy switched its focus from regulating and monitoring of HIV-infected persons to ensuring access to treatment and promotion of voluntary HIV testing in high-risk groups. Also as the age of the infected persons increases, a need for various supports such as social rehabilitation, life counseling, and welfare has emerged.

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Section: Molecular Epidemiological Characteristics Of Hiv Infection Imentioning

confidence: 99%

History of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome in Korea

Kim

Choi

et al. 2020

Infect Chemother

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“…HIV-1 is classified in four distinct groups, being represented by: M, N, O and P. 3 Among these, the M group has the highest genetic prevalence among individuals and, therefore, the greatest worldwide dissemination, which has made it the main source of the global HIV pandemic and has a genetic variability configured by nine distinct strands with † different strains: A, B, C, D, F, G, H, J, and K. 4 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence Between C-C Chemokine Receptor 5 Genetic Polymorphisms and the Type-1 Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A 20-Year Review

Santana

Silva

Marin

et al. 2023

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses

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Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is an infectious disease caused by the types 1 and 2 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1 and HIV-2). Clinical outcomes in patients are highly varied and delineated by complex interactions between virus, host, and environment, such as with help of co-receptors, for example, the C-C chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5). This work aimed to describe the scientific evidence relating the influence of CCR5 polymorphisms in association studies for HIV-1 disease susceptibility, severity, and transmissibility. This is a systematic review of the literature on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the deletion [Insertion and Deletion (Indel)] Δ32 of CCR5 . The search for articles was based on the ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) databases for the period between 2001 and 2021. The final sample consisted of 32 articles. Correction: This article has been updated on December 22, 2022 after first online publication of November 9, 2022 to clarify two sentences in the Abstract: † This phrase formerly read: “The SNP rs1799987 is the genetic polymorphism most associated with HIV-1 susceptibility and severity criteria,”. ‡ This sentence formerly read: “Furthermore, the results about the Indel Δ32 corroborate the non-association of this variant with the protective role in HIV-1 infection.” SNP rs1799987 is one of the genetic polymorphisms most associated with the criteria of susceptibility and severity of HIV-1, having distinct consequences in genotypic, allelic, and clinical analysis in the variability of investigated populations. As for the transmission character of the disease, the G mutant allele of rs1799987 corresponds to the highest positive association. Correction: This article has been updated on December 22, 2022 after first online publication of November 9, 2022 to clarify two sentences in the Abstract: † This phrase formerly read: “The SNP rs1799987 is the genetic polymorphism most associated with HIV-1 susceptibility and severity criteria,”. ‡ This sentence formerly read: “Furthermore, the results about the Indel Δ32 corroborate the non-association of this variant with the protective role in HIV-1 infection.” Furthermore, the results on Indel Δ32 corroborate the absence and rarity of this variant in some populations. Finally, mitigating the severity of cases, SNPs rs1799988 and rs1800023 obtained significant attribution in individuals in the studied populations. It is shown that the reported polymorphisms express significant influences for the evaluation of diagnostic, therapeutic, and prophylactic measures for HIV-1 having fundamental particularities in the molecular, genetic, and transcriptional aspects of CCR5 .

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“…The number of CRFs (circulating recombinant form) and URFs (unique recombinant form) is continuously increasing, with 97 CRFs detected to date. Recombination, which involves shuttling mutations between viral genomes and leads to major antigenic shifts or alterations in virulence, is a key reason for the high variability of HIV [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Eastern Europe and Central Asia, more than 50% of infections were caused by subtype A with notable contributions by subtype B and CRFs: the proportion of subtype A declined from 91.3% in 2005–2009 to 52.8% in 2010–2015, with a concomitant increase in the prevalence of subtypes B, C and CRFs [3,5,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Epidemiology of HIV-1 Subtype G in the Russian Federation

Murzakova

Kireev

Baryshev

et al. 2019

Viruses

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Although HIV-1 subtype A has predominated in Russia since the end of the 20th century, other viral variants also circulate in this country. The dramatic outbreak of HIV-1 subtype G in 1988-1990 represents the origin of this variant spreading in Russia. However, full genome sequencing of the nosocomial viral variant and an analysis of the current circulating variants have not been conducted. We performed near full-length genome sequencing and phylogenetic and recombination analyses of 11 samples; the samples were determined to be subtype G based on an analysis of the pol region. Three samples were reliably obtained from patients infected during the nosocomial outbreak. The other 8 samples were obtained from patients who were diagnosed in 2010–2015. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed that a man from the Democratic Republic of the Congo was the origin of the outbreak. We also found that currently circulating viral variants that were genotyped as subtype G according to their pol region are in fact unique recombinant forms. These recombinant forms are similar to the BG-recombinants from Western Europe, particularly Spain and Portugal. The limitations of subtyping based on the pol region suggest that these viral variants are more widespread in Europe than is currently supposed.

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Molecular Epidemiology of Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Cited by 6 publications

References 68 publications

History of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome in Korea

History of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome in Korea

The Influence Between C-C Chemokine Receptor 5 Genetic Polymorphisms and the Type-1 Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A 20-Year Review

Molecular Epidemiology of HIV-1 Subtype G in the Russian Federation

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