Molecular Epidemiology of Dengue Type 3 Virus in Brazil and Paraguay, 2002–2004

Abstract

We studied the molecular epidemiology of dengue virus type 3 (DENV-3) in Brazil and Paraguay by analyzing the 5' and 3' untranslated regions (5' and 3'UTRs) and the E protein gene of viruses isolated between 2002 and 2004. Both 5' and 3'UTRs were highly conserved. However, the 3'UTR of two isolates from Brazil contained eight nucleotide deletions compared with the remaining 26 viruses. Phylogenetic analyses suggested that DENV-3 was introduced into Brazil from the Caribbean Islands at least twice and into Paraguay from Brazil at least three times.

Prolonged Co-circulation of Two Distinct Dengue Virus Type 3 Lineages in the Hyperendemic Area of Medellín, Colombia

“…The sequences of the complete M and E genes (1,704 nucleotides) of viruses isolated in this study were manually aligned with other DENV-3 sequences obtained in other studies 7,8,16,18,22,23 and available in GenBank. These included three other Colombian sequences of viruses isolated in the province of Santander.…”

“…[17][18][19] The molecular evolution of DENV-3 has been studied in numerous American countries, including Nicaragua, Venezuela, Mexico, Brazil, Paraguay, Cuba, Peru, and Argentina. [16][17][18][20][21][22][23][24] All of these studies point to subtype III as the only DENV-3 circulating in the Western Hemisphere. However, recent works by three independent groups reported the presence of DENV-3 isolates in Brazil and Colombia that belong to a branch of subtype I, also designated as subtype V. [25][26][27] In Colombia, DENV-3 was reported to cause an epidemic in 1975-1977 but disappeared soon after.…”

Dengue virus type 3 in Brazil: a phylogenetic perspective

“…In contrast, genotypes IV and V (GIV and GV) are only found in a few older strains: GIV in Puerto Rican strains from the 1960s/1970s and GV in the oldest strain isolated in the Philippines in 1956, as well as in two strains isolated in Japan andChina in 1973 and1980, respectively. DENV-3 GIII was first detected in the Americas during dengue fever/dengue hemorrhagic fever (DF/DHF) outbreaks in Nicaragua andPanama, in 1994 (Anonymous 1995). Subsequently, this virus has spread to many countries in Latin America (Briseno-Garcia et al 1996, Guzman et al 1998, Balmaseda et al 1999, Istúriz et al 2000, Nogueira et al 2001, Usuku et al 2001, Uzcategui et al 2003, Aquino et al 2006. In Brazil, DENV-3 was first isolated from an autochthonous case of DF in December 2000 from the municipality of Nova Iguaçu, state of Rio de Janeiro, and later there was a large DENV-3 epidemic in Rio de Janeiro in 2001/2002 (Nogueira et al 2001).…”

Eco-epidemiologia dos arbovírus na área de influência da rodovia Cuiabá-Santarém (BR 163), Estado do Pará, Brasil

“…Demonstrou-se um padrão heterogêneo de dispersão com a presença de duas portas principais de entrada do VDEN-3 no Brasil entre 2000 e 2008: (i) pela fronteira Brasil-Venezuela, cujas cepas tiveram suas emergências estimadas em 12,1 (± 6) anos, causando epidemias em diferentes estados da Região Norte (Pará, Roraima e Rondônia), incluindo as cepas de Novo Progresso (sul do Estado do Pará), e dispersando-se no sentido Oeste (Rondô-nia) -Norte (Pará), e (ii) pelas Ilhas Caribenhas, principalmente Cuba, República Dominicana, Martinica e Porto Rico, cuja emergência estimase em, aproximadamente, 11,2 (± 5), com dispersão múltipla originando-se na Região Sudeste, no Estado do Rio de Janeiro 30,31,32 , em direção a diferentes localidades das regiões Centro-Oeste, Nordeste e Norte e países vizinhos do Cone Sul (Figura 2).…”