Molecular Epidemiology of Antibiotic Resistance in Salmonella from Animals and Human Beings in the United States

Abstract

We collected serotyped isolates of salmonella from reference laboratories in the United States, tested their susceptibility to antibiotics, and extracted plasmids from isolates that were resistant to a different combination of antibiotics from each of three serotypes. Restriction-endonuclease digestion showed that within each of the three groups, plasmid molecules from animal and human isolates were often identical or nearly identical. One serotype-plasmid combination appeared to be endemic in cattle in 20 states and infected 26 persons in two states. The human cases, which were not recognizably related except for their common plasmids, appeared to be clustered in time but geographically dispersed, like cases in previous outbreaks spread by food products. These findings suggest that resistance plasmids may be extensively shared between animal and human bacteria, and that spread of multiresistant strains of salmonella among animals and human beings, as observed in Britain, may have been undetected in the United States for lack of comparable surveillance.

Detection of plasmid-mediated beta-lactamases with DNA probes

“…Pseudomonas aeruginosaf (20) 4/4 2/2 12/149 a Some strains produced only chromosomal 3-lactamase, whereas a few produced more than one plasmid-mediated enzyme (see text for details).…”

“…As their name implies, the OXA set hydrolyzes oxacillin and related P-lactams with particular efficiency, whereas CARB enzymes, also given PSE designations because they were first found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, are notably effective in carbenicillin hydrolysis. Distinguishing between the enzymes is of value for epidemiological studies where the presence of a less common P-lactamase type may allow a particular strain or plasmid to be traced (20). The distribution of P-lactamase types in different organisms may also help elucidate where these enzymes originated and how they have spread in response to the use and elaboration of P-lactam antibiotics.…”

Restriction enzyme fingerprinting of enterobacterial plasmids: a simple strategy with wide application

“…More recently, this approach has been widely used to study the epidemiology of both plasmids and their host bacteria (Beul et al 1985;Lyon et al 1984; O'Brien et al 1982;Platt, Chesham & Kristinsson, 1986;Rubens et al 1981). The information provided by the application of these techniques is particularly useful for the study of genera for which no established typing scheme is available (Hawkey, Bennett & Hawkey, 1984) and the investigation of cryptic plasmids (Callihan, Young & Clark, 1983).…”

“…However, plasmids differ considerably in the number of restriction sites they possess for a given enzyme, and different workers have employed a wide variety of restriction enzymes to generate fingerprints from the plasmids harboured by diverse bacterial genera -for example O'Brien et al (1982) used EcoRI in a study of salmonellae, Lyon et at. (1984), EcoRI, HpaII and HindIII to investigate staphylococci, and Hawkey, Bennett & Hawkey (1984) digested Providencia stuartii plasmids with EcoRl and HinCII.…”

Brote intrahospitalario de salmonelosis por salmonella enteritidis serotipo agona

“…1 2 y flagelar fgr requiere una completa provisión de antisueros para poder otros casos similares (19). Este hallazgo de llegar a su tipificación final [tabla No.1) lo multiresistencia es coincidente con lo cual.…”