Molecular epidemiology and characterization of norovirus and sapovirus in pediatric patients with acute diarrhea in Thailand, 2019–2020

Phengma, Phitchakorn; Khamrin, Pattara; Jampanil, Nutthawadee; Yodmeeklin, Arpaporn; Ukarapol, Nuthapong; Maneekarn, Niwat

doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2022.08.006

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…This is in agreement with the previous report from China (49). A lower prevalence of SaV was also reported in another report from China, 0.6% (50), and Thailand (0.9%) (51). In contrast to this study, a higher or non-zero prevalence of SaV was reported (19,30).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 86%

“…In line with this, the probability of accessing potable or safe drinking water in the Debre Tabor area was lower (32.34%), compared to the Debre Markos site (this study). The cold weather condition in the Debre Tabor area might also favor the proliferation of NoV (51). Similarly, individuals living around Bahir Dar were more infected with NoV which might be due to the predominance of elder people in the sampled population and the larger sample size allocated for this speci c area (34.3%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Prevalence and associated factors of human caliciviruses among patients suffering from gastroenteritis in the Amhara National Regional State, Northwest Ethiopia

Tegegne

Gelaw

Zerefaw

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background Human caliciviruses are the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis and foodborne diarrheal diseases in all age groups worldwide, with an increased burden in developing countries. As there is no routine surveillance, epidemiological data is limited in Ethiopia. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of human caliciviruses among patients suffering from gastroenteritis in the selected health facilities of Amhara National Regional State, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods A multi-center health facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2021 to November 2021. A total of 550 study participants were proportionately assigned to the different health facilities in four study areas. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select participants. A stool sample was collected and analyzed with a one-step real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Data were gathered using a questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS. A descriptive analysis was performed. Binary and multivariable logistic regression analyses were done to determine the association between the dependent and independent variables. Variables with p-value < 0.05, at the 95%CI, were considered statistically significant. Result The prevalence of norovirus among all age groups was 8.9% (95% CI: 6.6, 11.6). Specifically, it was higher among elder people (33.3%) and under-5 children (12.5%). Sapovirus was not detected. Both norovirus genogroup I and II were detected, but genogroup II was the predominant, 82.6%. All of the respondents were diarrheic, but only 20% of them had a history of vomiting. The odds of norovirus infection among respondents from the Debre Tabor and Bahir Dar areas were significantly higher. Similarly, elder people and under-5 children were more affected than their adult-age counterparts (p < 0.05). Furthermore, previous history of acute gastroenteritis, family contact history with related cases, and poor hand-washing practice were statistically significant factors associated with norovirus infections (p < 0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of norovirus was considerably high. Norovirus-GII was predominant. The positivity rate of norovirus was higher among the elderly and under-5 children. The distribution of the norovirus, and their genogroups, varies across the four study areas.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Prevalence and associated factors of human caliciviruses among patients suffering from gastroenteritis in the Amhara National Regional State, Northwest Ethiopia

Tegegne

Gelaw

Zerefaw

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…The rise in norovirus infection cases was also affected by reallocating major lab resources for monitoring norovirus gastroenteritis in 2022, amid a decrease in overall COVID-19 illness rates. This postpandemic period demonstrates an identical genotypic profile in Russia and other countries, where the second genetic group, GII, is the dominant one-86%, while GI accounts for 14% [31][32][33][34]. The spectrum of circulating HuNoV genotypes has changed during the two-year surveillance of HuNoVs in the Sverdlovsk region.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…According to published studies, amino acid sequences (aa) that differ from previous genotypes by 8% or more are considered new genotypes [48]. The potentially new endemic variant GI.3/3090 forms paraphyletic links with strains from Thailand in 2017-2019, which are its closest relatives [32,49]. The percentage of difference between GI.3/3090 and other GI.3 sequences from Ekaterinburg is 8.1%, which may indicate a possible divergent evolution and the circulation of a new endemic variant in the Sverdlovsk region [48].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity and Phylogenetic Relationship of Human Norovirus Sequences Derived from Municipalities within the Sverdlovsk Region of Russia

Bykov,

Itani,

Starikova

et al. 2024

Viruses

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Human noroviruses (HuNoVs) are highly contagious pathogens responsible of norovirus-associated acute gastroenteritis (AGE). GII.4 is the prevailing HuNoV genotype worldwide. Currently there are no studies on the molecular monitoring and phylogenetic analysis of HuNoVs in the territory of the Sverdlovsk region; therefore, it is not possible to objectively assess their genetic diversity. The aim of the study is to carry out genotyping and phylogenetic analysis of HuNoVs in the Sverdlovsk region from 2022 to 2023. Fecal samples (n = 510) were collected from children suffering from HuNoV-AGE in municipalities of the Sverdlovsk region and the capsid genotype was determined by amplifying the ORF1/ORF2 junction. Of the 196 HuNoVs typed, which represent 38% of the studied samples, the largest share of HuNoV genotypes belong to the GII genogroup—86%, followed by the GI genogroup—14%. Noroviruses GII.4 and GII.17 were the co-dominant capsid genotypes (33.2% each). Phylogenetic analysis demonstrates that the identified sequences on the territory of the Sverdlovsk region have the smallest genetic distance, which gives grounds for their unification into a common cluster. Routine monitoring and phylogenetic analysis of circulating norovirus pathogens spectrum will enable timely tracking of HuNoVs genetic diversity and evolutionary events. This will lead to the development of more effective anti-epidemic measures, ultimately reducing the burden of infectious diseases.

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“…Norovirus was identified as the predominant co-infection agent, accounting for 50% (16 out of 32) of co-infection cases. It should be noted that norovirus was more frequently detected in patients with AGE in Thailand during the same period ( Jampanil et al, 2021 ; Wei et al, 2021 ; Phengma et al, 2022 ; Hogben et al, 2023 ; Yodmeeklin et al, 2023 ). Similarly, adenovirus was the most predominant virus detected in AGE patients in Spain from 2013 to 2017, and it was found to be the most common co-infection virus detected in EV-positive cases ( Perez-Martinez et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Enterovirus genotype diversity with emergence of coxsackievirus A2 circulating in pediatric patients with acute gastroenteritis in Thailand, 2019–2022

Xie,

Khamrin,

Jampanil

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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IntroductionEnteroviruses (EVs) are recognized as potential causative agents of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in children worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology and molecular characteristics of EV infection in children admitted to hospitals with AGE in Chiang Mai, Thailand from 2019 to 2022.MethodsA total of 1,148 fecal samples collected from patients with AGE were screened for the presence of EV using RT-PCR. The prevalence, co-infection with common diarrheal viruses, and seasonal pattern of EV were examined. The genotypes of EV were identified based on the VP1 sequence and phylogenetic analysis.ResultsThe overall prevalence of EV in AGE patients was 8.8% (101/1,148). After the COVID-19 outbreak in 2019, a significant decrease in the EV infection rate and genotype diversity was observed (p < 0.05). EV infection alone was observed in 68.3% (69/101) of cases while co-infection with other enteric viruses was 31.7% (32/101). The seasonal pattern of EV infection showed a peak prevalence during the rainy season. EV species A was the most prevalent (37.5%), followed by species B (32.3%), species C (29.2%), and species D (1.0%). Twenty-five genotypes of EV were identified with the most predominant of the coxsackievirus A2 (CV-A2) (13.5%), CV-B2 (7.3%) and CV-A24 (5.2%).ConclusionOur data demonstrate a significant decrease in the prevalence and diversity of EV circulating in AGE patients during the COVID-19 pandemic and highlight the emergence of CV-A2 during this study period. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the molecular epidemiology and diversity of EV in patients with AGE and provide useful information for further investigation into the potential association between specific EV genotypes and AGE in future studies.

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Molecular epidemiology and characterization of norovirus and sapovirus in pediatric patients with acute diarrhea in Thailand, 2019–2020

Cited by 8 publications

References 35 publications

Prevalence and associated factors of human caliciviruses among patients suffering from gastroenteritis in the Amhara National Regional State, Northwest Ethiopia

Prevalence and associated factors of human caliciviruses among patients suffering from gastroenteritis in the Amhara National Regional State, Northwest Ethiopia

Genetic Diversity and Phylogenetic Relationship of Human Norovirus Sequences Derived from Municipalities within the Sverdlovsk Region of Russia

Enterovirus genotype diversity with emergence of coxsackievirus A2 circulating in pediatric patients with acute gastroenteritis in Thailand, 2019–2022

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