Molecular dynamics insights into the structure, function, and substrate binding mechanism of mucin desulfating sulfatase of gut microbe <i>Bacteroides fragilis</i>

Praharaj, Ardhendu Bhusan; Dehury, Budheswar; Mahapatra, Namita; Kar, Shantanu Kumar; Behera, Santosh Kumar

doi:10.1002/jcb.26569

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…We looked broadly at reports of SCFA production among the reviewed case-control studies and found that in general the genera reduced in MDD have extensive capacity to metabolize carbohydrates, particularly mono- and disaccharides and their derivatives [ Bifidobacterium (58–62), Faecalibacterium (63), and Ruminococcus (64–66)]. Bacteroides , found to be reduced in a treatment-nonresponsive depressed subgroup compared to healthy controls (27), as a genus has a particularly rich armamentarium for metabolizing more complex carbohydrates including glycans of human mucin (67–78).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Review of Gut Microbiota and Major Depression

et al. 2019

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Background: Recently discovered relationships between the gastrointestinal microbiome and the brain have implications for psychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD). Bacterial transplantation from MDD patients to rodents produces depression-like behaviors. In humans, case-control studies have examined the gut microbiome in healthy and affected individuals. We systematically reviewed existing studies comparing gut microbial composition in MDD and healthy volunteers.Methods: A PubMed literature search combined the terms “depression,” “depressive disorder,” “stool,” “fecal,” “gut,” and “microbiome” to identify human case-control studies that investigated relationships between MDD and microbiota quantified from stool. We evaluated the resulting studies, focusing on bacterial taxa that were different between MDD and healthy controls.Results: Six eligible studies were found in which 50 taxa exhibited differences (p < 0.05) between patients with MDD and controls. Patient characteristics and methodologies varied widely between studies. Five phyla—Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Fusobacteria, and Protobacteria—were represented; however, divergent results occurred across studies for all phyla. The largest number of differentiating taxa were within phylum Firmicutes, in which nine families and 12 genera differentiated the diagnostic groups. The majority of these families and genera were found to be statistically different between the two groups in two identified studies. Family Lachnospiraceae differentiated the diagnostic groups in four studies (with an even split in directionality). Across all five phyla, nine genera were higher in MDD (Anaerostipes, Blautia, Clostridium, Klebsiella, Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis, Parabacteroides, Parasutterella, Phascolarctobacterium, and Streptococcus), six were lower (Bifidobacterium, Dialister, Escherichia/Shigella, Faecalibacterium, and Ruminococcus), and six were divergent (Alistipes, Bacteroides, Megamonas, Oscillibacter, Prevotella, and Roseburia). We highlight mechanisms and products of bacterial metabolism as they may relate to the etiology of depression.Conclusions: No consensus has emerged from existing human studies of depression and gut microbiome concerning which bacterial taxa are most relevant to depression. This may in part be due to differences in study design. Given that bacterial functions are conserved across taxonomic groups, we propose that studying microbial functioning may be more productive than a purely taxonomic approach to understanding the gut microbiome in depression.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Review of Gut Microbiota and Major Depression

et al. 2019

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“…thetaiotaomicron, Bacteroides ovatus, and Prevotella sp. strain RS2 Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003, or B. fragilis possess mucin-desulfating sulfatases or glycosulfatases (Salyers et al, 1977, Berteau et al, 2006, Benjdia et al, 2011, Egan et al, 2016, Praharaj et al, 2018.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Mucin Degradation By Commensal and Pathogenic Microorganisms In The Gutmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental models to study intestinal microbes–mucus interactions in health and disease

Etienne‐Mesmin

Chassaing

Desvaux

et al. 2019

FEMS Microbiology Reviews

119

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A close symbiotic relationship exists between the intestinal microbiota and its host. A critical component of gut homeostasis is the presence of a mucus layer covering the gastrointestinal tract. Mucus is a viscoelastic gel at the interface between the luminal content and the host tissue that provides a habitat to the gut microbiota and protects the intestinal epithelium. The review starts by setting up the biological context underpinning the need for experimental models to study gut bacteria-mucus interactions in the digestive environment. We provide an overview of the structure and function of intestinal mucus and mucins, their interactions with intestinal bacteria (including commensal, probiotics and pathogenic microorganisms) and their role in modulating health and disease states. We then describe the characteristics and potentials of experimental models currently available to study the mechanisms underpinning the interaction of mucus with gut microbes, including in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo models. We then discuss the limitations and challenges facing this field of research.

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“…These enzymes allow the commensal colonization of mucus, specifically in the crypts of the colon. Some of these have been characterized biochemically (Praharaj et al, 2018;Yamamoto et al, 2018).…”

Section: Utilization Of O-linked Glycans Bymentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Insights Into O-Linked Glycan Utilization by Gut Microbes

2020

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O-linked glycosylation is a post-translational modification found mainly in eukaryotic cells, which covalently attaches oligosaccharides to secreted proteins in certain threonine or serine residues. Most of O-glycans have N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) as a common core. Several glycoproteins, such as mucins (MUCs), immunoglobulins, and caseins are examples of O-glycosylated structures. These glycans are further elongated with other monosaccharides and sulfate groups. Some of them could be found in dairy foods, while others are produced endogenously, in both cases interacting with the gut microbiota. Interestingly, certain gut microbes can access, release, and consume O-linked glycans as a carbon source. Among these, Akkermansia muciniphila, Bifidobacterium bifidum, and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron are prominent O-linked glycan utilizers. Their consumption strategies include specialized α-fucosidases and α-sialidases, in addition to endo-α-N-acetylgalactosaminidases that release galacto-N-biose (GNB) from peptides backbones. O-linked glycan utilization by certain gut microbes represents an important niche that allows them to predominate and modulate host responses such as inflammation. Here, we focus on the distinct molecular mechanisms of consumption of O-linked GalNAc glycans by prominent gut microbes, especially from mucin and casein glycomacropeptide (GMP), highlighting the potential of these structures as emerging prebiotics.

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Molecular dynamics insights into the structure, function, and substrate binding mechanism of mucin desulfating sulfatase of gut microbe Bacteroides fragilis

Cited by 20 publications

References 45 publications

Systematic Review of Gut Microbiota and Major Depression

Systematic Review of Gut Microbiota and Major Depression

Experimental models to study intestinal microbes–mucus interactions in health and disease

Molecular Insights Into O-Linked Glycan Utilization by Gut Microbes

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