Molecular diversity of symbiotic algae at the latitudinal margins of their distribution: dinoflagellates of the genus Symbiodinium in corals and sea anemones

Savage, Andrew M.; Goodson, Michael S.; Visram, S.; Trapido-Rosenthal, Henry G.; Wiedenmann, Jörg; Douglas, Angela E.

doi:10.3354/meps244017

Cited by 111 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…The DNA region spanning the 18S, ITS1, 5.8S, ITS2, 28S region (Savage et al, 2002) of the Symbiodinium spp. ribosomal DNA was amplified with the primers SYM_VAR_FWD (5 0 CAG-CTTCTGGACGTTGYGTTGG3 0 ) and SYM_VAR_REV (5 0 CGGGTTCWCTTGTYTGACTTCATGC3 0 ), designed specifically to anneal in the 18S and 28S regions of the Symbiodinium spp.…”

Section: Identification Of Algal Symbiontsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corals from the Persian/Arabian Gulf as models for thermotolerant reef-builders: Prevalence of clade C3 Symbiodinium, host fluorescence and ex situ temperature tolerance

Hume

D’Angelo

Burt

et al. 2013

Marine Pollution Bulletin

158

148

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a b s t r a c tCorals in the Arabian/Persian Gulf endure summer temperatures of up to 36°C, making them ideal subjects to study the mechanisms underlying thermal tolerance. Unexpectedly, we found the ''generalist'' Symbiodinium clade C3 to be the prevalent symbiont among seven coral species from Abu Dhabi (UAE) waters. Moreover, C3 represented the only dominant symbiont type in Porites spp. from this region. The ''thermotolerant'' symbionts D1a and C15 were not encountered, indicating that the association with these symbionts cannot be the sole reason for the heat tolerance of Gulf corals. The association of Porites lobata with specific symbiont types (C3 vs. C15) in samples from habitats with very different temperature regimes (Abu Dhabi vs. Fiji) remained unaffected by laboratory culture. During temperature stress experiments specimens from both locations strongly downregulated green fluorescent protein (GFP)-like pigments. However, the Abu Dhabi samples were less prone to bleaching and showed lower mortality.Crown

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Section: Identification Of Algal Symbiontsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corals from the Persian/Arabian Gulf as models for thermotolerant reef-builders: Prevalence of clade C3 Symbiodinium, host fluorescence and ex situ temperature tolerance

Hume

D’Angelo

Burt

et al. 2013

Marine Pollution Bulletin

158

148

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Rodriguez-Lanetty et al 2001, Savage et al 2002, Macdonald et al 2008, Thornhill et al 2008) and in isolated locations (e.g. LaJeunesse et al 2004a) and studies done on the host species sampled in the present study throughout the Indo-Pacific (e.g.…”

Section: Biogeographic and Environmental Patterns Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Surveys of coral-algal symbioses from Western Australia can also be compared with similar latitudinal comparisons from other geographic regions (e.g. Baker 1999, Rodriguez-Lanetty et al 2001, van Oppen et al 2001, 2005, Savage et al 2002, Macdonald et al 2008, LaJeunesse et al 2010a) to corroborate hypothesized biogeographic patterns in the distribution of Symbiodinium diversity, and to determine where exceptions to these patterns arise, and why.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel algal symbiont (Symbiodinium spp.) diversity in reef corals of Western Australia

Silverstein

Correa

LaJeunesse³

et al. 2011

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The identity and diversity of algal symbionts (Symbiodinium spp.) in reef corals is thought to influence to the resilience of reef ecosystems to climate change, and varies depending on coral species, environmental conditions, and biogeography. We examined these factors by surveying corals along a latitudinal gradient in Western Australia on reefs connected north to south by the warm-water Leeuwin Current. We used the internal transcribed spacer-2 (ITS-2) region of ribosomal DNA to characterize Symbiodinium communities in 19 species of reef coral (in 16 genera) from tropical Dampier (20.5°S) to temperate Dunsborough (33.5°S). We documented a high number of novel ITS-2 types in Symbiodinium clades B (1 type) and C (14 types) as well as 7 previously reported ITS-2 types in clades B, C, and D. In addition, we compared symbiont distributions with Giovanni's OBIG MODIS-Aqua satellite temperature data set and found that the putatively thermotolerant Symbiodinium ITS-2 type D1a was more frequently detected in 'chronically warm' tropical sites than at 'chronically cool' temperate sites, while clade B symbiont types showed the reverse pattern, being found in certain corals at the southernmost sites. Symbiodinium type D1a was generally most abundant at Dampier, where bleaching had occurred 1 mo prior to sampling, although some variation by host taxa was observed. The diverse and novel Symbiodinium communities documented here may be a result of (1) the variable environmental histories of the study sites, (2) the apparent genetic divergence within this genus resulting from the relative isolation of Western Australian reefs, and/or (3) the frequent transport of symbionts (in hospite or free-living) from Indo-Malay reefs to Western Australia via the Leeuwin Current. These results indicate that understudied reefs in remote and isolated areas may contain Symbiodinium diversity that has not been reported previously.

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“…in the corals and in the AEFW was conducted by amplifying, cloning and sequencing of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 ribosomal DNA using zooxanthellae-specific primers (ESM Table 3) (Hume et al 2013;Savage et al 2002). Sequences were deposited in Genbank (accession numbers JN711475-JN711498).…”

Section: Molecular Identification Of Aefw and Zooxanthellaementioning

confidence: 99%

The corallivorous flatworm Amakusaplana acroporae: an invasive species threat to coral reefs?

et al. 2013

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Fatal infestations of land-based Acropora cultures with so-called Acropora-eating flatworms (AEFWs) are a global phenomenon. We evaluate the hypothesis that AEFWs represent a risk to coral reefs by studying the biology and the invasive potential of an AEFW strain from the UK. Molecular analyses identified this strain as Amakusaplana acroporae, a new species described from two US aquaria and one natural location in Australia. Our molecular data together with life history strategies described here suggest that this species accounts for most reported cases of AEFW infestations. We show that local parasitic activity impairs the light-acclimation capacity of the whole host colony. A. acroporae acquires excellent camouflage by harbouring photosynthetically competent, host-derived zooxanthellae and pigments of the greenfluorescent protein family. It shows a preference for Acropora valida but accepts a broad host range. Parasite survival in isolation (5-7 d) potentially allows for an invasion when introduced as non-native species in coral reefs.

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Molecular diversity of symbiotic algae at the latitudinal margins of their distribution: dinoflagellates of the genus Symbiodinium in corals and sea anemones

Cited by 111 publications

References 33 publications

Corals from the Persian/Arabian Gulf as models for thermotolerant reef-builders: Prevalence of clade C3 Symbiodinium, host fluorescence and ex situ temperature tolerance

Corals from the Persian/Arabian Gulf as models for thermotolerant reef-builders: Prevalence of clade C3 Symbiodinium, host fluorescence and ex situ temperature tolerance

Novel algal symbiont (Symbiodinium spp.) diversity in reef corals of Western Australia

The corallivorous flatworm Amakusaplana acroporae: an invasive species threat to coral reefs?

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