Molecular diversity of serial Cryptococcus neoformans isolates from AIDS patients in the city of São Paulo, Brazil

Martins, Marilena dos Anjos; Pappalardo, Mara C. S. M.; Melhem, M. S. C.; Pereira-Chioccola, Vera Lúcia

doi:10.1590/s0074-02762007000700001

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…Molecular studies of infective agents may contribute to answering questions about epidemiology and the evaluation of interventions and treatments. Molecular methods suggest that different patients may be infected with a C. neoformans strain that presents the same genetic profi le 20 . In addition, among sequential isolates from the same patient, the response to antifungal therapy may be different 21 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and microbiological features of cryptococcal meningitis

Souza

Costa

Fernandes

et al. 2013

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Introduction: In this study, the clinical features, underlying diseases and clinical outcomes of patients with cryptococcosis were investigated. In addition, a molecular analysis of the Cryptococcus neoformans species complex isolated from these patients was performed. Methods: A prospective study of 62 cases of patients with cryptococcal infection was conducted at the Hospital de Doenças Tropicais de Goiás Dr. Anuar Auad from 2009-2010. Cryptococcal meningitis cases were diagnosed by direct examination and cerebrospinal fl uid (CSF) sample culture. The profi ling of these patients was assessed. The CSF samples were submitted to India ink preparation and cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar, and C. neoformans was identifi ed by the production of urease, a positive phenoloxidase test and assimilation of carbohydrates. C. neoformans and C. gattii isolates were distinguished by growth on L-canavanine-glycine-bromothymol blue medium, and molecular analysis was conducted via PCR fi ngerprinting reactions using M13 and (GACA) 4 primers. Results: From the 62 patients with cryptococcosis, 71 isolates of CSF were obtained; 67 (94.4%) isolates were identifi ed as C. neoformans var. grubii/VNI, and 4 (5.6%) were identifi ed as C. gattii/VGII. Of these patients, 53 had an HIV diagnosis. The incidence of cryptococcosis was higher among patients 20-40 years of age, with 74.2% of the cases reported in males. Cryptococcus-related mortality was noted in 48.4% of the patients, and the symptoms were altered sensorium, headache, fever and stiff neck. Conclusions: The high morbidity and mortality observed among patients with cryptococcosis demonstrate the importance of obtaining information regarding the epidemiological profi le and clinical course of the disease in the State of Goiás, Brazil.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and microbiological features of cryptococcal meningitis

Souza

Costa

Fernandes

et al. 2013

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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“…[11][12][13][14][15] Nevertheless, there is scarce information about the use of molecular diagnosis in clinical samples. Molecular methods such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) potentially identify the fungus and the genotype of the strain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular diagnosis of cryptococcal meningitis in cerebrospinal fluid: comparison of primer sets for Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii species complex

Martins

Brighente

Matos

et al. 2015

The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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“…Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii is predominant but Cryptococcus gattii has been found as endemic in the northeast region of Brazil 11–14 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…grubii is predominant but Cryptococcus gattii has been found as endemic in the northeast region of Brazil. [11][12][13][14] The drugs used in the treatment of cyptococcosis, as amphotericin B, 5-fluorocytosine and fluconazole 15 are not satisfactory owing to their toxicity, to their limited ability to clear infection completely and due to the development of resistance by C. neoformans. 1 Then, in vitro susceptibility testing can be important to an adequate therapy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular typing and antifungal susceptibility of clinical and environmental Cryptococcus neoformans species complex isolates in Goiania, Brazil

Souza

Souza²,

Costa

et al. 2010

Mycoses

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A total of 124 Cryptococcus isolates, including 84 clinical strains obtained from cerebrospinal fluid from AIDS patients and 40 environmental isolates from pigeon excreta and from Eucalyptus trees, were studied. The varieties, serotypes, phospholipase activity and molecular profile of these isolates were determined. Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii serotype A was identified in 120 isolates and Cryptococcus gattii serotype B in four isolates. The clinical isolates showed higher phospholipase activity than environmental isolates. Similar patterns of in vitro susceptibility to amphotericin B, fluconazole, itraconazole and voriconazole and no resistance were found for all isolates. Molecular type VNI (C. neoformans var. grubii) was recovered in 80 clinical and 40 environmental isolates while the type VGIII (C. gattii) was found in four clinical isolates. This study demonstrated for the first time the molecular types of clinical and environmental Cryptococcus isolates in the midwest Brazil region.

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Molecular diversity of serial Cryptococcus neoformans isolates from AIDS patients in the city of São Paulo, Brazil

Cited by 15 publications

References 43 publications

Clinical and microbiological features of cryptococcal meningitis

Clinical and microbiological features of cryptococcal meningitis

Molecular diagnosis of cryptococcal meningitis in cerebrospinal fluid: comparison of primer sets for Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii species complex

Molecular typing and antifungal susceptibility of clinical and environmental Cryptococcus neoformans species complex isolates in Goiania, Brazil

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