Molecular diversity of HLA‐A, ‐B and ‐C alleles in a North Indian population as determined by PCR‐SSOP

Abstract

We have used molecular methods to determine the frequencies of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A, -B and -C alleles in normal, healthy, unrelated individuals from North India using polymerase chain reaction and hybridization with sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes as there is no comprehensive report showing molecular diversity of all the class-I alleles present in North Indians. A*0101, A*0206, A*0301, A*1101, A*6801, A*2401 and A*3101 were the most prevalent alleles of the A locus with 91.11% of the samples showing heterozygosity. At the HLA-B locus a total of 47 B locus alleles were observed and the only allele found with an allele frequency of 15% was B*5801. Other frequent B-locus alleles observed were B*5101, B*3503 and B*4006 with relatively less frequent alleles like B*5201, B*3501, B*0702, B*4403, B*5701, B*1801 and B*5501. Of the samples studied 92.31% were heterozygous for B-locus alleles. Cw*0602 and Cw*0401 were the most frequent C-locus alleles. Other frequent C-locus alleles were Cw*0102, Cw*0302, Cw*0701, Cw*0702, Cw*1202, Cw*1203, Cw*1502 and Cw*1503. HLA alleles common in Africans like B*5801, A*68012, B*5301, B*44032, B*4006 and Cw*1701 were observed in the North Indians besides oriental alleles like B*1301, B*1502 and B*4001 confirming that the genetic make-up of North Indians is Caucasoid with elements of Mongoloid and Negrito races. Some new/rare alleles like B*1802, described as a new allele from Thailand and B*8101, described earlier in a Bubi population were also observed although with low frequencies, showing the diversity of HLA class-I alleles present in the North Indians.

Association of variants in BAT1-LTA-TNF-BTNL2 genes within 6p21.3 region show graded risk to leprosy in unrelated cohorts of Indian population

“…Table 3). Allele frequency of HLA genes in our study followed the previous studies carried out in a relatively large size North Indian population (Rani et al 1998(Rani et al , 2007. This has suggested a sufficient power in LD analysis to be considered for a randomly selected limited number of 60 samples as shown in other studies (Alcais et al 2007).…”

Spectrum of Cutaneous Adverse Reactions to Levetiracetam and Human Leukocyte Antigen Typing in North-Indian Patients

“…HLA-A*11:01, 24:02, 33:01, 33:02, 68:01, 26:01, 01:01, 02:01 HLA B*7:02, 35:01, 40:01, 40:02, 40:06 15:01, 44:02 and HLA DRB1*15:01, 15:02 07:01, 13:01, 14:01, 10:01 were the alleles that occurred more than twice in the MPE cases and/or the control-groups; their AF and OR are presented in Table 2 8,9. When the Fisher exact test was applied to carrier rates and AFs between the groups, the differences were not statistically significant (Table 2), The AF’s of HLA-A*11:01 was higher in tolerant controls (26% versus 10% in MPE cases and 12.5% in healthy population), and HLA-A*33:01 was higher among MPE cases (20% versus 2% and 0.05% in tolerant controls and healthy population respectively).…”

“…However, we have quoted published AF values from the same population for the alleles found in our cases and controls (Table 2). These studies, by Rajalingam et al and Rani et al had HLA-typing of 52 and 90 healthy North-Indian subjects respectively 8,9…”

Association of HLA-BFNx011502 allele and carbamazepine-inducedStevens-Johnson syndromeamong Indians

“…Most of them are sub-Hindu communities, except Parsi, in which a 0% prevalence is reported. [15][16][17][18][19][20] Our eight patients also belong to the Hindu community, which is the biggest community of India comprising of one billion Indians. Our six out of eight patients had HLA-B*1502 while none of the 10 controls were found to be positive.…”