Molecular Diversity of Hard Tick Species from Selected Areas of a Wildlife-Livestock Interface Ecosystem at Mikumi National Park, Morogoro Region, Tanzania

Damian, Donath; Damas, Modester; Wensman, Jonas Johansson; Berg, Mikael

doi:10.3390/vetsci8030036

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…We found H. anatolicum on all hosts in the sampling areas of the UAE, suggesting that the same tick species in the three emirates was probably associated with unrestricted livestock trade and the movement of animals between emirates [46]. Tick prevalence, mean intensity, and mean abundance varied among the four animal hosts (camel, cows, sheep, and goats) and this is most likely due to host preference in this species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Prevalence, Distribution, and Molecular Record of Four Hard Ticks from Livestock in the United Arab Emirates

Perveen

Muzaffar

Al-Deeb

2021

Insects

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Ticks are important arthropod vectors that serve as reservoirs of pathogens. Rapid urbanization and changes in animal breeding practices could be causing a rise in tick burden on animals. Studies on tick distribution on livestock and tick molecular diversity from the United Arab Emirates (UAE) are limited. The aim of this study was to (i) provide molecular and morphological identification of tick species, (ii) compare tick infestation between different hosts, (iii) compare tick infestation in relation to the sex of the host, and (iv) assess the prevalence of tick species on hosts. A total of 5950 ticks were collected from camels (4803 ticks), cows (651 ticks), goats (219 ticks), and sheep (277 ticks). Ticks were identified based on morphological characters at the species level using taxonomic keys. In addition, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification of the cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) and 16S rRNA mitochondrial genes was used to identify ticks. Four species were confirmed based on molecular and morphological characterization, namely, Hyalomma dromedarii, Hyalomma anatolicum, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, and Amblyomma lepidum. Hyalomma dromedarii (94.3%) was the most abundant species, followed by H. anatolicum (32.8%). Camels were heavily infested (94%) with ticks as compared to cows (38%), sheep (37%), and goats (14%). Widespread occurrence of these four tick species in the UAE poses a risk of spreading tick-borne pathogens wherever the conditions of infection prevail.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Prevalence, Distribution, and Molecular Record of Four Hard Ticks from Livestock in the United Arab Emirates

Perveen

Muzaffar

Al-Deeb

2021

Insects

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“…Ticks are blood-sucking arthropods that carry a wide range of pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, protozoa, fungi, and nematodes [ 6 ]. These pathogens are transmitted to hosts during the blood-sucking process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Recognition MicroRNAs in Hemaphysalis longicornis and Theileria orientalis Interactions

Luo,

Tan,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Pathogens

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Ticks are an important type of pathogen transmission vector, and pathogens not only cause serious harm to livestock but can also infect humans. Because of the roles that ticks play in disease transmission, reducing tick pathogen infectivity has become increasingly important and requires the identification and characterization of these pathogens and their interaction mechanisms. In this study, we determined the miRNA expression profile of Hemaphysalis longicornis infected with Theileria orientalis, predicted the target genes of miRNAs involved in this infection process, and investigated the role of miRNA target recognition during host–pathogen interactions. The results showed that longipain is a target gene of miR-5309, which was differentially expressed at different developmental stages and in various tissues in the control group. However, the miR-5309 level was reduced in the infection group. Analysis of the interaction between miRNA and the target gene showed that miR-5309 negatively regulated the expression of the longipain protein during the infection of H. longicornis with T. orientalis. To verify this inference, we compared longipain with the blocking agent orientalis. In this study, the expression of longipain was upregulated by the inhibition of miR-5309 in ticks, and the ability of the antibody produced by the tick-derived protein to attenuate T. orientalis infection was verified through animal immunity and antigen–antibody binding tests. The results showed that expression of the longipain + GST fusion protein caused the cattle to produce antibodies that could be successfully captured by ticks, and cellular immunity was subsequently activated in the ticks, resulting in a subtractive effect on T. orientalis infection. This research provides ideas for the control of ticks and tickborne diseases and a research basis for studying the mechanism underlying the interaction between ticks and pathogens.

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“…The high number of R. microplus tick pools compared to other tick species in Kilombero in current study was due to their high abundance and distribution in the area. The rapid expansion of R. microplus in Kilombero was probably attributed to the shorter life cycle and higher egg production capacity [30]. Additionally, their ability to develop resistance to most available acaricides might also have favored their expansion as compared to more susceptible tick species [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of Tick-Borne Pathogens in Ticks Collected from Cattle at Iringa and Kilombero District Councils, Tanzania

Magesa

Haji

Nzalawahe

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background Ticks and tick-borne diseases undermine livestock production and productivity in Tanzania. Cattle in Tanzania are challenged by several tick species and tick-borne disease which are known to be endemic in cattle such as Anaplasmosis, Theileriosis and Babesiosis. However, there is insufficient information on tick and associated tick-borne pathogens in Tanzania. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the occurrence of tick-borne pathogens including Anaplasma, Theileria and Babesia spp., in ticks from Kilombero and Iringa district councils of Tanzania. Method During January to August 2021, a repeated cross-section study was carried out and a total of 1,889 ticks were collected from 304 randomly selected cattle. The ticks were morphologically identified using morphological keys and a stereomicroscope. The identified tick species were grouped into 91 pools of 1–30 ticks according to species, sex, and collection site for analysis. The tick-borne pathogens were then detected from the tick pools using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) targeting Anaplasma and Theileria or Babesia spp. Chi square/Fisher’s Exact test was performed to detect the difference between the proportion of pathogen positive tick pools in Iringa and Kilombero district councils and seasons. Results Overall, Anaplasma and Theileria/Babesia spp. were detected by PCR in (70.33%, n = 64) tick pools. The detection rate of both Anaplasma and Theileria/Babesia spp. was high in Amblyomma lepidum (25.00%, n = 16) followed by Rhipicephalus evertsi (23.44%, n = 15) tick pools. Tick pools from Iringa district had a significantly higher proportion of pathogen detection rate (91.04%, n = 61) as compared to Kilombero (12.50%, n = 3), (95% CI, p < 0.001). The co-infection rate of Anaplasma spp. and Theileria/Babesia spp. in all tick pools was (32.97%, n = 30). A significant higher co-infection rate of (43.28%, n = 29) was recorded in tick pools from Iringa district council (95% CI, p < 0.05). Conclusion The results showed a high tick-borne pathogen detection rate on tick pools collected from cattle from the study areas which might increase the risk of tick-borne diseases transmission and reduce animal production and productivity. Therefore, the ticks and tick-borne pathogens in the study areas highlight the need for strategic tick control approaches.

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Molecular Diversity of Hard Tick Species from Selected Areas of a Wildlife-Livestock Interface Ecosystem at Mikumi National Park, Morogoro Region, Tanzania

Cited by 5 publications

References 27 publications

Prevalence, Distribution, and Molecular Record of Four Hard Ticks from Livestock in the United Arab Emirates

Prevalence, Distribution, and Molecular Record of Four Hard Ticks from Livestock in the United Arab Emirates

Role of Recognition MicroRNAs in Hemaphysalis longicornis and Theileria orientalis Interactions

Occurrence of Tick-Borne Pathogens in Ticks Collected from Cattle at Iringa and Kilombero District Councils, Tanzania

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