Molecular differentiation in the extrahaustorial membrane of pea powdery mildew haustoria at early and late stages of development

Roberts, A. M.; Mackie, Adam; Hathaway, V.; Callow, James A.; Green, J.R.

doi:10.1006/pmpp.1993.1047

Cited by 43 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…Treatment of epidermal strips with Triton X-100, without prior fixation or digestion with enzymes, allowed labelling of haustoria with both MAbs, as observed in previous studies Roberts et al, 1993). However, in these conditions, host structures were no longer visualized with the anti-HDEL, though discrete, globular patches of labelling were observed at the periphery of the haustorium (Fig.…”

Section: Iif Of Detergent-treated Infected Epidermal Strips and Isolasupporting

confidence: 73%

Reorganization of the endoplasmic reticulum in pea leaf epidermal cells infected by the powdery mildew fungus Erysiphe pisi

1995

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S I' M M A R YDuring the formation of haustoria by biotrophic pathogens the synthesis of extra host plasma membrane (PM) is required to accommodate the invagination of the PM and its transition to the extrahaustorial membrane. This implicates alterations in host exocytosis, membrane trafficking and targeting. Probes for endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and whole-cell imaging by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) have been used to examine the organization of tbe endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in compatible interactions between pea leaf cells and Erysiphe pisi DC ex Saint-Amans. In uninfected epidermal cells, the dicarbocyanine dye DiOC|,(3) and tbe ER-specific anti-HDEL antibody sbowed cortical ER was an open network of tubules interspersed with lamellar cisternae, immediately beneath tbe cuticle. Endoplasmic reticulum in infected cells could not be stained with DiOCe(3) but anti-HDEL labelling re\ealed that tbe ER was no longer evenly distributed throughout the cortical cytoplasm but was concentrated in a tight netw ork in the viciniti,-of the baustorium particularly at early stages of infection. In some infected ctlls there was intense ER staining very close to the extrahaustorial membrane. Endoplasmic reticulum was also observed as large cisternae adjacent to the haustorial complex (HC), contrasting with tubular ER structures distal to tbe HC. In Western blots, anti-HDEL labelled one major band at 70 icDa (probably the BiP homologue) in extracts from uninfected and infected epidermis, mycelia and haustoria. .Additional proteins at 55 and 80 kDa were recognized in the fungal extracts. A minor protein at 50 kDa in uninfected pea is possibly upregulated in infected leaves. Overall, the results show tbat in a compatible pea powdery mildew interaction, the host cortical ER reorganizes around tbe developing HC from early to late stages of the infection process. This reorganization is likely to be involved in the exocytosis of new membrane and matrix materials whicb contribute to tbe expanding HC.

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Section: Iif Of Detergent-treated Infected Epidermal Strips and Isolasupporting

confidence: 73%

Reorganization of the endoplasmic reticulum in pea leaf epidermal cells infected by the powdery mildew fungus Erysiphe pisi

1995

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“…Studies of the interaction between Arabidopsis and a powdery mildew pathogen found that plasma membrane markers, including AtPIP2a, did not localize to the EHM but did localize to the haustorial neck (Koh et al, 2005). In addition, a monoclonal antibody has been reported that recognizes a protein on the EHM surrounding a mature haustorium and not the plasma membrane (Roberts et al, 1993). The haustorial neck region might be considered equivalent to the arbuscule trunk, and while there are important structural differences between these two types of biotrophic interfaces, there are also some intriguing similarities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Live-Cell Imaging Reveals Periarbuscular Membrane Domains and Organelle Location in Medicago truncatula Roots during Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis

2009

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In the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis, the fungal symbiont colonizes root cortical cells, where it establishes differentiated hyphae called arbuscules. As each arbuscule develops, the cortical cell undergoes a transient reorganization and envelops the arbuscule in a novel symbiosis-specific membrane, called the periarbuscular membrane. The periarbuscular membrane, which is continuous with the plant plasma membrane of the cortical cell, is a key interface in the symbiosis; however, relatively little is known of its composition or the mechanisms of its development. Here, we used fluorescent protein fusions to obtain both spatial and temporal information about the protein composition of the periarbuscular membrane. The data indicate that the periarbuscular membrane is composed of at least two distinct domains, an "arbuscule branch domain" that contains the symbiosis-specific phosphate transporter, MtPT4, and an "arbuscule trunk domain" that contains MtBcp1. This suggests a developmental transition from plasma membrane to periarbuscular membrane, with biogenesis of a novel membrane domain associated with the repeated dichotomous branching of the hyphae. Additionally, we took advantage of available organellespecific fluorescent marker proteins to further evaluate cells during arbuscule development and degeneration. The threedimensional data provide new insights into relocation of Golgi and peroxisomes and also illustrate that cells with arbuscules can retain a large continuous vacuolar system throughout development.

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“…Using a monoclonal antibody raised against the isolated HCs in pea (Pisum sativum) infected with Erysiphe pisi, a glycoprotein (;250 kD) was detected to be specifically localized to the periphery of the HC where the EHM was thought to form (Roberts et al, 1993). However, the identity and origin of this glycoprotein still remains to be resolved.…”

Section: Rpw82 An Ehm-specific Proteinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific Targeting of theArabidopsisResistance Protein RPW8.2 to the Interfacial Membrane Encasing the Fungal Haustorium Renders Broad-Spectrum Resistance to Powdery Mildew

et al. 2009

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Powdery mildew fungal pathogens penetrate the plant cell wall and develop a feeding structure called the haustorium to steal photosynthetate from the host cell. Here, we report that the broad-spectrum mildew resistance protein RPW8.2 from Arabidopsis thaliana is induced and specifically targeted to the extrahaustorial membrane (EHM), an enigmatic interfacial membrane believed to be derived from the host cell plasma membrane. There, RPW8.2 activates a salicylic acid (SA) signaling-dependent defense strategy that concomitantly enhances the encasement of the haustorial complex and onsite accumulation of H 2 O 2 , presumably for constraining the haustorium while reducing oxidative damage to the host cell. Targeting of RPW8.2 to the EHM, however, is SA independent and requires function of the actin cytoskeleton. Natural mutations that impair either defense activation or EHM targeting of RPW8.2 compromise the efficacy of RPW8.2-mediated resistance. Thus, the interception of haustoria is key for RPW8-mediated broad-spectrum mildew resistance.

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Molecular differentiation in the extrahaustorial membrane of pea powdery mildew haustoria at early and late stages of development

Cited by 43 publications

References 0 publications

Reorganization of the endoplasmic reticulum in pea leaf epidermal cells infected by the powdery mildew fungus Erysiphe pisi

Reorganization of the endoplasmic reticulum in pea leaf epidermal cells infected by the powdery mildew fungus Erysiphe pisi

Live-Cell Imaging Reveals Periarbuscular Membrane Domains and Organelle Location in Medicago truncatula Roots during Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis

Specific Targeting of theArabidopsisResistance Protein RPW8.2 to the Interfacial Membrane Encasing the Fungal Haustorium Renders Broad-Spectrum Resistance to Powdery Mildew

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