Molecular Diagnosis of Helicobacter Pylori

Background: This work aims at describing the traditional uses, to determine the antimicrobial potential of two different extracts hexane, acetone of the leaves of Citrus unshiu, Citrus sinensis, Citrus limon, Laurus nobilis, Citrus paradisi on clinical strain of H. pylori in a bid to identify potential sources of cheap starting materials for the synthesis of new drugs. H. pylori strain was a culture collection of Hacettepe University, Turkey. Methods: The activity was quantitatively assessed on the basis of the inhibition zone, and their activity index was also calculated along with the MIC method.

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“…The isolates were identified based on colony morphology, positive oxidase, urease and catalase tests (Westblom., 1991).…”

Section: Colony Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peliminary examination of herbal extracts on the inhibition of <i>Helicobacter Pylori</i>

Guzeldag¹,

Kadioglu²,

Mercimek³

et al. 2013

Afr. J. Trad. Compl. Alt. Med.

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“…Standard procedures were used for H. pylori growth on brain heart infusion agar (Difco) containing 10% horse blood in a microaerobic atmosphere (27). High-molecular-weight genomic DNA was isolated by a hexadecyltrimethylammonium method (3).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequence Organization and Insertion Specificity of the Novel Chimeric IS Hp609 Transposable Element of Helicobacter pylori

Kersulyte¹,

Kalia²,

Zhang³

et al. 2004

J Bacteriol

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Here we describe ISHp609 of Helicobacter pylori, a new member of the IS605 mobile element family that is novel and contains two genes whose functions are unknown, jhp960 and jhp961, in addition to homologs of two other H. pylori insertion sequence (IS) element genes, orfA, which encodes a putative serine recombinasetransposase, and orfB, whose homologs in other species are also often annotated as genes that encode transposases. The complete four-gene element was found in 10 to 40% of strains obtained from Africa, India, Europe, and the Americas but in only 1% of East Asian strains. Sequence comparison of 10 representative ISHp609 elements revealed higher levels of DNA sequence matches (99%) than those seen in normal chromosomal genes (88 to 98%) or in other IS elements (95 to 97% for IS605, IS606, and IS607) from the same H. pylori populations. Sequence analysis suggested that ISHp609 can insert at many genomic sites with its left end preferentially next to TAT, with no target specificity for its right end, and without duplicating or deleting target sequences. A deleted form of ISHp609, containing just jhp960 and jhp961 and 37 bp of orfA, found in reference strain J99, was at the same chromosomal site in 15 to 40% of the strains from many geographic regions but again in only 1% of the East Asian strains. The abundance and sequence homogeneity of ISHp609 and of this nonmobile remnant suggested a recent bottleneck and then rapid spread in H. pylori populations, possibly selected by the contributions of the elements to bacterial fitness.Insertion sequence (IS) elements are a diverse group of specialized DNA segments that move to new sites in prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes by mechanisms that do not require extensive DNA sequence homology (for reviews see references 5, 7, and 19). They cause insertion mutations and genome rearrangements, affect nearby gene expression, and help mediate the spread of resistance and virulence determinants within and among species. Many IS elements specify just a single transposase protein that acts in concert with host proteins at each end of the element to mediate insertion. Other, more complex elements, such as Tn7, specify two or more proteins that act together as the transposase, plus additional proteins that help select insertion sites or affect the efficiency of transposition. Host proteins can also affect the frequency or specificity of transposition of certain elements. Many, but not all, species of elements terminate in short inverted repeats (size range, 9 to 40 bp) and generate short direct repeats of target sequences (typically 2 to 9 bp) when they transpose.Each of the four known species of IS elements in H. pylori (IS605, IS606, IS607, and ISHp608) belongs to the distinctive IS605 mobile element family, and each seems to be chimeric, containing two transposition-related genes, orfA and orfB, that may have different phylogenetic origins (12,14,16). The IS605 element family is divisible into two subfamilies based on orfA homologies; in one subfamily, represented by IS607...

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“…PCR can detect low numbers of organisms in gastric juice, bile, stool and oral secretions. Because of its high sensitivity it can also be used for epidemiologic investigations of environmental sources [24]. Molecular methods have been used in variable specimens other than gastric mucosa [25].…”

Section: Molecular Diagnostic Of Helicobacter Pylorimentioning

confidence: 99%

Virulence Markers, Genotypic versus Phenotypic Resistance and New Treatment Strategies inHelicobacter pyloriInfection

Mascellino¹,

Angelis²,

Ismail³

et al. 2021

Helicobacter Pylori - From First Isolation to 2021

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This chapter aims at studying the microbial virulence determinants and markers of Helicobacter pylori (Hp), the molecular diagnostic of Hp, the growing antibiotic resistance with the related problem of heteroresistance, the genotypic resistance to antimicrobials compared with the phenotypic methods and the new treatment strategies for Hp eradication also evaluating new antimicrobial agents (furazolidone, vonoprazan). The virulence markers cover an important area in Hp pathology due to the correlation between these and the different diseases. The Hp molecuar diagnosis is fast, accurate and reliable over the traditional methods that are expensive and time- consuming. Therapy regimens used over the past decade are declining in efficacy being the Hp treatment bedevilled by drug-resistant strains. New treatment strategies are under study worldwide. The determination of the genetic resistance to antibiotics is very useful when used directly on gastric biopsies for prediction of antibiotics ineffectiveness or for addressing changes in previous treatments.

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Molecular Diagnosis of Helicobacter Pylori

Cited by 17 publications

References 60 publications

Peliminary examination of herbal extracts on the inhibition of <i>Helicobacter Pylori</i>

Peliminary examination of herbal extracts on the inhibition of <i>Helicobacter Pylori</i>

Sequence Organization and Insertion Specificity of the Novel Chimeric IS Hp609 Transposable Element of Helicobacter pylori

Virulence Markers, Genotypic versus Phenotypic Resistance and New Treatment Strategies inHelicobacter pyloriInfection

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