2017
DOI: 10.1097/mol.0000000000000430
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Molecular diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolaemia

Abstract: To identify patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia within clinically selected patient groups efficiently, a clinical scoring system should be combined with a molecular testing approach for mutations and for polygenic LDL-C single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Alternatively, a population screening methodology may be appropriate, using mutation testing at an early age before significant atherosclerosis has begun. The precise molecular testing method chosen may depend on the clinical presentation of the patient… Show more

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Cited by 15 publications
(7 citation statements)
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“…6 The majority of FH cases result from pathogenic variants in the LDL receptor ( LDLR ) gene (>90%), with pathogenic apolipoprotein B ( APOB ) variants (5–10%) and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 ( PCSK9 ) variants (1–3%) being less common. 7 Disease-causing variants in several other genes have been found to cause a phenocopy of FH (e.g. c.500_502delTCC encoding p.Leu167del in APOE, LDLRAP1, STAP1 and LIPA ).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…6 The majority of FH cases result from pathogenic variants in the LDL receptor ( LDLR ) gene (>90%), with pathogenic apolipoprotein B ( APOB ) variants (5–10%) and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 ( PCSK9 ) variants (1–3%) being less common. 7 Disease-causing variants in several other genes have been found to cause a phenocopy of FH (e.g. c.500_502delTCC encoding p.Leu167del in APOE, LDLRAP1, STAP1 and LIPA ).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Various mutations result in F.H. primary affect LDL receptor (LDLR) gene (>90%), other known mutations affecting apolipoprotein B (5-10%), and proprotein convertase subtilisin/Kexin type 9 (PCSK9) genes (1-3%) (5) and About 20% F.H. cases with a clinical diagnosis have a polygenic basis that affects LDL levels (6).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…O tratamento através do uso de hipolipemiantes é efetivo e tem mostrado redução no desenvolvimento de DCV de forma precoce e aumento da sobrevida 18,19 . Porém, a maior parte dos portadores de HF na maioria dos países são subdiagnosticados (<1%), e aqueles que tem diagnóstico, muitas vezes não são tratados adequadamente 19 .…”
Section: Cinco Principais Causas De Morte No Mundo (2019)unclassified
“…Dependendo do critério de inclusão utilizado para o rastreamento genético de HF, a presença de alterações genéticas nos principais genes (LDLR, APOB e PCSK9) podem ser identificadas em cerca de 34-50% dos indivíduos, revelando que uma parcela dos pacientes com critério clínico para HF não possuem uma causa genética identificada 18,[31][32][33][34] . Isto pode ocorrer devido à presença de genes ainda não associados à doença, ou como também, a presença da hipercolesterolemia poligênica 18,35 . Desta forma, recentemente houve a associação do gene APOE e STAP1 com a HF, sugerindo que a presença de variantes genéticas raras nestes genes poderiam levar a hipercolesterolemia 18,31,36 .…”
Section: Genes Potencialmente Associados à Hipercolesterolemia Familiarunclassified
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