Molecular Diagnosis of Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and Dengue virus (DENV) and its concomitant circulation in South Indian population

Dayakar, Seetha; Goud, Iravathy; Pillai, Heera; Remadevi, Viji; Nair, Radhakrishnan R.; Pillai, M. Radhakrishna

doi:10.1016/j.virep.2015.05.001

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This underestimation can affect results for predictive models, mitigation strategies and other analyses that use surveillance data as inputs. Misclassification of chikungunya as dengue or zika infections could also occur as these infections are often co-circulating and share overlapping symptoms [7, 319–320], therefore prevalence results reported on the basis of clinical signs and symptoms should be considered with caution. A complete understanding of whether co-infections with CHIKV can lead to altered symptoms or sequelae is also required.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A scoping review of published literature on chikungunya virus

et al. 2018

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Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) has caused several major epidemics globally over the last two decades and is quickly expanding into new areas. Although this mosquito-borne disease is self-limiting and is not associated with high mortality, it can lead to severe, chronic and disabling arthritis, thereby posing a heavy burden to healthcare systems. The two main vectors for CHIKV are Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Asian tiger mosquito); however, many other mosquito species have been described as competent CHIKV vectors in scientific literature. With climate change, globalization and unfettered urban planning affecting many areas, CHIKV poses a significant public health risk to many countries. A scoping review was conducted to collate and categorize all pertinent information gleaned from published scientific literature on a priori defined aspects of CHIKV and its competent vectors. After developing a sensitive and specific search algorithm for the research question, seven databases were searched and data was extracted from 1920 relevant articles. Results show that CHIKV research is reported predominantly in areas after major epidemics have occurred. There has been an upsurge in CHIKV publications since 2011, especially after first reports of CHIKV emergence in the Americas. A list of hosts and vectors that could potentially be involved in the sylvatic and urban transmission cycles of CHIKV has been compiled in this scoping review. In addition, a repository of CHIKV mutations associated with evolutionary fitness and adaptation has been created by compiling and characterizing these genetic variants as reported in scientific literature.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A scoping review of published literature on chikungunya virus

et al. 2018

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“…India is endemic for both dengue and chikungunya viruses, and presence of all the four serotypes of dengue virus have been reported from various parts of the country especially in Delhi, Kolkata, and Kerala. [12] Dengue and chikungunya viruses, though belong to two different family of Flaviviridae and Togaviridae respectively, share a common mosquito vector, that is, Aedes agypti in India. [1] Aedes aegypti abundantly found in tropical and subtropical countries is a principal vector for both of these viruses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous detection of IgM antibodies against dengue and chikungunya: Coinfection or cross-reactivity?

Abhishek

Chakravarti

2019

J Family Med Prim Care

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Background: Dengue and chikungunya sharing same mosquito vector are two most important arboviruses circulating in northern India including Delhi and are responsible for frequent outbreaks. Antigen and antibodies detection ELISA kits are the major tool to diagnose these viral illnesses, and are sometimes associated with cross–reactivity, giving a false picture of coinfection, although simultaneous harboring of both the viruses is not uncommon. Various studies have reported coinfection up to 25% from the same region. Procedure: This study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, during the month of September 2016 which included 200 blood samples from clinically suspected cases attending Medicine OPD of associated Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi. Diagnosis of dengue and chikungunya was made using NS-1 antigen and IgM MAC ELISA for dengue and IgM MAC ELISA for chikungunya as per manufacturer's instructions. Results: Out of 200 suspected cases, 34 (17%) were positive for dengue serology, 77 (38.5%) were positive for chikungunya serology, and 29.9% of positive chikungunya cases were simultaneously affected with dengue. This higher percentage of coinfection might be because of cross-reactivity of the ELISA kits. Discussion: India being a hyperendemic region for dengue and chikungunya, frequent outbreaks are quite common. Circulation of both the virus and huge susceptible population are the major causes for frequent outbreaks. Restricting our attention to diagnose one of them is not sufficient, and coinfection further complicates the illness. Conclusion: Simultaneous diagnosis of dengue and chikungunya is need of time to diagnose dual infection and prevent complications by starting supportive treatment well in time. Molecular technique if ever possible should be employed whenever the coinfection number is higher than expected to rule out cross-reactivity.

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“…Co-infection with the two viruses was detected in 28 (13.7%) of the samples by RT-PCR in a recent study from Odisha, India [21]. Dayakar and co-workers [22] have recently reported co-infection by Dengue and Chikungunya viruses in 23% of the suspected patients by RT-PCR from Andhra Pradesh and 0.1 % from Kerala in Southern part of India. Sheikh and colleagues carried out IgM ELISA specific for Dengue and Chikungunya virus on samples collected from Karnataka, India [23].…”

Section: Dengue and Chikungunya Virus Co-infection In Humansmentioning

confidence: 94%

Co-infection with Dengue and Chikungunya Viruses

Deeba¹,

Afreen²,

Islam³

et al. 2016

Current Topics in Chikungunya

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Dengue and Chikungunya fever are the arboviral infections that are endemic in tropical and subtropical regions. These two viral infections share common clinical symptoms. These infections are transmitted by a common mosquito vector so these viruses co-circulate in many geographical regions. Various clinical investigations, particularly from India and "frican countries have documented the dual infection with these viruses. However, the true disease burden of Dengue and Chikungunya dual viral infections is still not known because most of these studies involved a smaller patient group. Therefore, in depth investigations involving larger patient groups are needed to examine the complete pathogenicity and severity of the dual viral infections. The timely diagnosis of the pathogens and correlation of disease severity with mono or dual infections is essential for effective patient management. In addition, the detailed molecular and cellular mechanism of co-infection should be investigated to describe a complete picture of the interaction of two viral pathogens in the host cell. Further comprehensive studies of dual infections from the endemic regions will determine the epidemiological and evolutionary pattern of these emerging viruses. This data will also assist in designing and implementation of effective control measures. Keywords: Chikungunya virus, Dengue virus, co-infections, Aedes mosquito. Introduction "oth Dengue and Chikungunya fever are arboviral infections of global importance. The two diseases share a common mode of transmission, i.e. through different species of mosquitoes. Therefore, these infections are normally present in the same geographical locations. Dengue virus belongs to family Flaviviridae and genus Flavivirus. It is a small enveloped RN" virus carrying a single stranded, positive-sense RN" genome of . kb in length. Dengue virus exists as four serotypes DENV -which offer only transient cross protection to each other © 2016 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.[ ]. Four to five genotypes are distinguished within each serotype of the dengue virus. The Chikungunya virus CHIKV belongs to the Togaviridae family and genus "lphavirus. It has a linear positive sense RN" genome of . Kb in length. Three genotypes Eastern, Central South "frican [ECS"], West "frican and "sian have been described for the Chikungunya virus [ , ]. Laboratory diagnosis of the two viral infections is done by virus isolation, genome detection RT-PCR and antibody detection IgM or IgG ELIS" . In addition, the antigen detection NS ELIS" is also being used for diagnosis of Dengue viral infection. No licensed vaccine is available against these arboviral diseases. In addition, no antiviral drug has been developed against these viruses.Due to many common clinical presentations, Chi...

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Molecular Diagnosis of Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and Dengue virus (DENV) and its concomitant circulation in South Indian population

Cited by 10 publications

References 7 publications

A scoping review of published literature on chikungunya virus

A scoping review of published literature on chikungunya virus

Simultaneous detection of IgM antibodies against dengue and chikungunya: Coinfection or cross-reactivity?

Co-infection with Dengue and Chikungunya Viruses

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