Molecular determination of oxytetracycline-resistant bacteria and their resistance genes from mariculture environments of China

Abstract

Aims: To assess the diversity of antibiotic‐resistant bacteria and their resistance genes in typical maricultural environments. Methods and Results: Multidrug‐resistant bacteria and resistance genes from a mariculture farm of China were analysed via cultivation and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods. Oxytetracycline (OTC)‐resistant bacteria were abundant in both abalone and turbot rearing waters, accounting for 3·7% and 9·9% of the culturable microbes. Multidrug resistance was common, with simultaneous resistance to OTC, chloramphenicol and ampicillin the most common resistance phenotype. 16S rDNA sequence analyses indicate that the typical resistant isolates belonged to marine Vibrio, Pseudoalteromonas or Alteromonas species, with resistance most common in Vibrio splendidus isolates. For OTC resistance, tet(A), tet(B) and tet(M) genes were detected in some multidrug‐resistant isolates, with tet(D) being the most common molecular determinant. For chloramphenicol resistance, cat II was common, and floR was also detected, especially in marine Pseudoalteromonas strains. Conclusions: There is the risk of multidrug‐resistant bacteria contamination in mariculture environments and marine Vibrio and Pseudoalteromonas species serve as reservoirs of specific antibiotic resistance determinants. Significance and Impact of the Study: This paper and similar findings from Korea and Japan indicate the potential for widespread distribution of antibiotic resistance genes in mariculture environments from the East Asian region of the world.

Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria Isolated From Tropical Coastal Waters of Peninsular Malaysia

“…Our study suggests the presence of veterinary antibiotics in the Malaysia coastal environments that, often occurs as a results of unregulated use of these antibiotics in aquacultures [15,17].Our findings are also consistent with previous research on the prevalence of oxytetracyline, sulfonamides and sulfamethoxazole resistance bacteria isolated from different aquatic systems in Korea, Thailand and Vietnam [6,18,19,20]. Generally, the oxytetracycline resistance frequency in our study was lower than Dang et al (2007) [19,20].…”

The Ocean as a Global Reservoir of Antibiotic Resistance Genes

“…Because nitrofurantoin and sulfadimethoxine are synthetic antibiotics, microbes would not experience these molecules in natural microbe-microbe interactions. Resistant bacteria have been isolated from marine environments in proximity to aquaculture facilities or waterways in proximity to human influence (23,(25)(26)(27). In addition, Port and colleagues (24) showed that frequencies of known antibiotic resistance genes were higher nearshore, so anthropogenic inputs can influence resistance patterns.…”

Antimicrobial resistance profile and resistance genes of Vibrio species isolated from giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) raised in Iran

“…tet (A), tet (B) and tet (D) genes encoding active efflux pumps] have been identified previously in Vibrio spp. from a maricultural environment (Dang et al, 2006(Dang et al, , 2007. Further studies are required to elucidate the mechanisms underlying tetracycline resistance and other antibiotic resistance of the isolates in our collection.…”

“…Numerous antibiotic resistant genes can be found in bacteria and environments as β-lactam and penicillin resistant genes penA and blaTEM-1 (Srinivasan et al, 2005;Zhang et al, 2009), chloramphenicol resistant genes catI, catII, catIII, catIV and floR (Dang et al, 2007(Dang et al, , 2008, tetracycline resistant genes tatA, tatB, tatC, tatD, tatE, tatG, tatH, tatJ, tatY, tatZ, and many more (Macauley et al, 2007;Zhang et al, 2009;Kim et al, 2013). These antibiotic resistant genes can be transfer among different bacteria via conjugation, transduction, or transformation (Manjusha and Sarita, 2011).…”