Molecular detection of Toxoplasma gondii in Tunisian free-range chicken meat and their offal

Zrelli, Samia; Amairia, Safa; Jebali, Mounir; Gharbi, Mohamed

doi:10.1007/s00436-022-07680-8

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Another previous study in northern Iran reported a high prevalence of the B1 gene of T. gondii that reached 40% in free-range chicken heart samples (Abbaszadeh et al ., 2022). Our result also expressed a lower prevalence compared to the Tunisian study performed by PCR target B1 which showed a much higher prevalence of 43.3% ( Zrelli, 2022 ). According to our search in the literature, the highest prevalence of T. gondii in livestock and poultry animals was found in Asia in 2014 with 89.8% ( Hajimohammadi et al ., 2022 ).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 67%

Molecular prevalence and genetic diversity of Toxoplasma gondii in free range chicken in Northeastern Libya

Awad¹,

Sardjono²,

Fitri³

et al. 2023

Open Vet J

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Background: Toxoplasma gondii is one of the zoonotic protozoa parasites. It can prevalently infect humans and warm-blooded animals, causing human health problems and substantial economic losses to the livestock industry worldwide. Chicken is one of the potential sources of toxoplasmosis, but there is no report of the prevalence of toxoplasmosis and their genotypes in free-range chickens in Libya. Aim: The current study aims to conduct a survey of molecular prevalence and identify the Toxoplasma gondii genotype in free-range chickens and its association with the risk factors of age, gender, and region in Northeastern Libya. Methods: This study was conducted by examining a total of 315 free-range chicken organs (brain and heart) derived from three administrative districts in Northeastern Libya. The molecular prevalence was determined by PCR technique using B1 gene amplification and the Toxoplasma gondii genotype was determined by nested PCR-RFLP of GRA6 gene amplicon with restriction enzymes (MseI). Results: The overall molecular prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in free-range chicken in all three districts was 9.5% (30/315), and the highest (15.4%) was in the Al-Marj district (p =0.01; ?2 =9.238). The highest prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii by age was in chickens aged more than two years (p = 0.001; ?2 = 15.530). The difference in Toxoplasma gondii prevalence in male and female chickens was not significant (p = 0.372; ?2 = 0.798). The predominant genotype I (93.3%) had identified at position 544 bp and 194 bp at the GRA6 marker, and only two positives were from genotype II (6.7%) at 700 bp and 100 bp fragment. Conclusion: The molecular prevalence of toxoplasmosis in free-range chicken in three districts in Northeastern Libya was 9.5%, and the highest rate was shown in the Al Marj district. Chicken by age more than two years had more risk to transmit toxoplasmosis in human. There was no different infection risk by consuming male or female free-range chicken. It is the first report to determine the predominant genotype, which was genotype I.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 67%

Molecular prevalence and genetic diversity of Toxoplasma gondii in free range chicken in Northeastern Libya

Awad¹,

Sardjono²,

Fitri³

et al. 2023

Open Vet J

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“…This finding may also be related to tissues that contain non-viable cysts, or that have a low parasite load, in addition to the fact that the viability of T. gondii may decline during the process of tissue digestion. Zrelli et al (2022), used molecular techniques to detect T. gondii DNA in free-range chicken viscera and meat. As a result, it was observed that the heart had a higher prevalence of infections, corroborating other studies (Dubey, 2010;Schares et al, 2018;Minutti at al., 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this reason, chickens are often used in research in order to isolate the parasite for epidemiological and genetic studies (Alizadeh-Sarabi et al, 2020;Fernandes et al, 2016;Geuthner et al, 2019;Khan et al, 2020;Mahami-Oskouei et al, 2017). Thus, genotyping studies of T. gondii isolates in free-range chickens have been conducted all over the world and have contributed to the expansion of available epidemiological information on the genetic diversity of this parasite (Moré et al, 2012;Tilahun et al, 2013;Rodrigues et al, 2019;Camillo et al, 2020;Zrelli et al, 2022;Ali Awad et al, 2023) Studies have shown a high prevalence of T. gondii infection in birds in Brazil's south (Camillo et al, 2015) and southeast regions (Lopes et al, 2016), suggesting high environmental contamination. An evaluation of the genotypic characteristics of T. gondii in free-range chickens in the metropolitan area of Goiânia, state of Goiás by Rezende et al (2021) revealed that 96% of tested chickens showed seropositivity for anti-T. gondii, and 64% of tissue samples contained the parasite's DNA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization and epidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii isolates from free-range chickens in the southwest region of Goiás: new genotypes

Domann,

Rezende,

Fleury

et al. 2023

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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The purpose of this study was to isolate Toxoplasma gondii from tissues of free-range chickens in the southwestern region of Goiás, to detect and molecularly characterize the genetic material of the parasite, and to determine the seroprevalence of the protozoan parasite in these animals. A seroprevalence of T. gondii antibodies of 76% (19/25) was found among the chickens, while genetic material from their tissues was detected in 56% (14/25). A total of 14 isolates was obtained in the bioassay, ten of which were considered acute, eight were considered isolates of high virulence lethal to mice, and four of low virulence, considered non-lethal but with the ability to chronify the infection. Seven of the ten isolates showed significant morphometric differences from the RH strain, in terms of nucleus-complex-apical distance, length and width. Genotyping of the acute isolates was performed by RFLP-PCR, using 11 genetic markers: SAG1, SAG2 (3’SAG2 and 5’SAG2), alt.SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, L358, PK1, and APICO. The results were compared and classified according to the genotypes listed on the ToxoDB Platform, where different profiles were observed indicating the presence of two known genotypes (#7 and #63) and five new genotypes (NEW 3, NEW4, NEW5, NEW6, NEW 7). The results showed high seroprevalence, isolation rate, molecular detection and genotypic variations of T. gondii in free-range chickens in the southwestern region of Goiás.

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“…Khan et al reported that the prevalence of T. gondii in chickens was higher in the liver (10.5%) than in the heart (9.5%) and muscle (7.11%) in Pakistan [29]. Zrelli et al detected the presence of DNA of T. gondii in the breast muscle, thigh muscle, heart, and gizzard of free-range chickens in Tunisia through PCR, with the results showing that the hearts (48.3%, 29/60) had the highest infection rate [30]. The aforementioned research highlights that the livers and hearts of chickens are particularly susceptible to T. gondii infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Molecular Detection and Genotype Identification of Toxoplasma gondii in Chickens from Farmers’ Markets in Fujian Province, Southeastern China

Chu,

Huang,

Miao

et al. 2023

Pathogens

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Toxoplasma gondii is an opportunistic pathogenic protozoan that can infect all nucleated cells in almost all warm-blooded animals, including humans. T. gondii infection has been reported in many food animals worldwide. However, the prevalence and genotypes of T. gondii in chickens from farmers’ markets in Fujian province in southeastern China remain unreported. In the present study, four tissue samples from each of the 577 chickens (namely, the heart, liver, lungs, and muscles) were collected from farmers’ markets in five regions of Fujian province (Zhangzhou, Sanming, Quanzhou, Fuzhou, and Longyan). We first analyzed the prevalence and genotypes of T. gondii using PCR targeting of the B1 gene of T. gondii. Of the 577 chickens, thirty-two (5.5%) tested positive for the B1 gene. Among the five regions, Sanming had the highest infection rate (16.8%, 16/95), followed by Quanzhou (8.0%, 8/100), Longyan (5.0%, 5/100), Zhangzhou (1.1%, 2/182), and Fuzhou (1.0%, 1/100). Among these thirty-two T. gondii-positive chickens, the infection rates of the lungs, heart, liver, and muscles were 68.8% (22/32), 34.4% (11/32), 28.1% (11/32), and 9.4% (3/32), respectively. Significant differences in prevalence were found among the different regions (χ2 = 35.164, p < 0.05) and tissues (χ2 = 25.874, p < 0.05). A total of 128 tissue and organ samples of the thirty-two T. gondii-positive chickens from the different regions were analyzed using PCR–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP) on the basis of 10 genetic markers. Seven tissue samples (lung samples from five chickens, heart samples from one chicken, and liver samples from one chicken) underwent successful amplification at all the genetic markers, and all the T. gondii genotypes were identified as genotype I (ToxoDB #10). These findings serve as a foundation for evaluating the risk of T. gondii contamination in chicken products intended for human consumption and offer insight into preventing the transmission of the parasite from chickens to humans.

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Molecular detection of Toxoplasma gondii in Tunisian free-range chicken meat and their offal

Cited by 3 publications

References 38 publications

Molecular prevalence and genetic diversity of Toxoplasma gondii in free range chicken in Northeastern Libya

Molecular prevalence and genetic diversity of Toxoplasma gondii in free range chicken in Northeastern Libya

Molecular characterization and epidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii isolates from free-range chickens in the southwest region of Goiás: new genotypes

First Molecular Detection and Genotype Identification of Toxoplasma gondii in Chickens from Farmers’ Markets in Fujian Province, Southeastern China

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