Molecular Detection of Pseudorabies Virus (PrV), Porcine Parvovirus (PPV) and Porcine Circovirus 2 (PCV2) in Swine in Republic of Montenegro

Miković, Radoš; Knežević, Aleksandra; Milić, Nataša; Krnjaić, Dejan; Radojičić, Marina; Veljović, Ljubiša; Milićević, Vesna; Zorić, Andrea; Stanojević, Maja; Nišavić, Jakov

doi:10.1515/acve-2016-0030

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…Available studies analyze the presence of porcine parvoviruses in different organ samples from both domestic pigs and wild boars, still, the ones concerning domestic pigs are more abundant [5,10,23,24,28,30]. Porcine parvovirus 2 and PPV3 DNA were discovered in a total of 9% pig liver, kidney, spleen and lymph node samples [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Serbia, to this date, porcine parvoviruses have been investigated in domestic swine, and in contrast to some neighboring countries, there is limited knowledge on their genetic characteristics, distribution and impact, especially on wild boar populations [9,[22][23][24]. Porcine parvoviruses are actively evolving and diverse viruses that are currently under extensive research considering that some are being grouped with human parvoviruses, and the information is still scarce on their veterinary relevance [5,7,9,15,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic Analysis and Distribution of Porcine Parvoviruses Detected in the Organs of Wild Boars in Serbia

et al. 2021

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Porcine parvoviruses (PPVs) are diverse and persistently evolving viruses found in domestic pigs and wild boars. Porcine parvovirus 1 (PPV1) causes reproductive problems in adult animals, although the veterinary relevance of PPV2, PPV3, and PPV4 has not been clarified. The detection and sequence analysis of PPVs circulating in wild boar populations in Serbia was performed to determine their phylogenetic relationships and prevalence in 122 organ samples collected during 2018. The DNA of PPV1, PPV2, and PPV3 was detected in 56.6% of the examined samples, whilst PPV4 was not identified. Overall, PPV3 was the most prevalent in 69.6% of the positive samples, followed by PPV1 in 63.8%, and PPV2 in 21.7% samples. Single infections were more common, although concurrent infections were confirmed in 34.8% samples for two, and 10.1% samples for three viruses. Sequence analysis of wild boar PPV1 showed no significant nucleotide differences from domestic pig PPV1 strains detected in Europe and the USA, however separate clustering from strains from China and the NADL-2 strain was demonstrated. Examination of the selected PPV2 sequences might suggest a certain geographical distribution of genetically diverse PPV2 strains considering high similarities to the strains from neighboring countries, and variability in comparison with other reported PPV2 sequences from different parts of the world. Wild boar PPV3 sequences clustered separately from most of the strains detected in wild boars, as well as the original porcine hokovirus strain. It is further noted that genetically different PPV3 strains circulate amongst Serbian domestic pigs and wild boars.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Analysis and Distribution of Porcine Parvoviruses Detected in the Organs of Wild Boars in Serbia

et al. 2021

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“…Both TGEV and PRCoV, as well as other significant swine viruses, can be isolated in cell lines of pig origin. However, this method might require several blind passages after primary isolation of field strains (Nišavić and Milić, 2017;Lukač et al, 2016;Miković et al, 2016). Considering the declining TGEV prevalence, the need for vaccines has also reduced, although both modified live and inactivated products are available.…”

Section: Coronaviruses Of Swinementioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of the most significant coronavirus infections in veterinary medicine

2020

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Background. Coronaviruses (CoVs) have been recognized in veterinary virology for a long time and comprise a large group of RNA viruses responsible for enteric, respiratory, hepatic, and neurologic diseases in a variety of animal species and humans. These viruses are very adaptable considering their highly error-prone replication process and recombination ability, resulting in remarkable mutability and efficient expansion of their host range and tissue tropism. Scope and Approach. In the recent past, after the outbreaks caused by SARS-CoV in 2002 and MERS-CoV in 2012, CoVs became a research focus in the scientific community. Moreover, the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic raised more questions concerning the threats posed by these viruses. Several significant examples of coronaviruses jumping the species barrier and changing their tropism have been reported in the past, and novel viruses of both animals and humans have appeared as a consequence. This paper reviews some of the examples of CoV mutability and the most notable animal coronaviruses of veterinary relevance. Key Findings and Conclusions. There is still no proof that the novel virus SARS-CoV-2 can be transmitted to humans from domestic animals, and its recent cross-species jump is currently being intensively researched. Intensified and diverse human activities that lead to the disruption of ecosystems contribute to the increased risk of contact with animals that might represent virus reservoirs. The need for constant surveillance of CoVs and expanded studies of their virological traits, mutation mechanisms, diversity, prophylactic and therapeutic measures highlight the key role of both veterinarians and medical doctors in order to preserve the health of the human population.

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“…The hallmark of MAH infections in pigs are granulomatous lesions localized on gastrointestinal and mandibular lymph nodes (7), but generalized disease is less common and can affect liver, spleen or kidneys. Nevertheless, the morphological changes are not always visible during meat inspection in slaughterhouses (8)(9)(10)(11)(12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Granuloma is a unique form of tissue reaction on presence of agents which are able to provoke a chronic inflammation (10), but development and sustainability of granulomas are controlled by interferon γ (INF-γ), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) (10,11). Although cytokine mediated immunosuppressive effect is well known in different infection diseases of pigs, TGF-β1 represents an important molecule with distinctive imunomodulating features (12,13). A connection between transforming growth factor -(TGF-β1) and TH-17 cells has been also investigated and confirmed (14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Myofibroblasts in Granulomatous Lymphadenitis in Pigs Naturally Infected with M. Avium Subsp. Hominissuis

Polaček

Vidanović²,

Božić

et al. 2018

Macedonian Veterinary Review

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The most important morphological characteristic of infections caused by M. avium subsp. hominissuis (MAH) is granuloma formation. The growth of mycobacteria is in accordance with anti-bacterial effector mechanisms of the host within granuloma. The most important cytokines for „orchestrating“the host defense are interferon γ (INF-γ), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1). Myofibroblasts that make up a peripheral layer of granuloma largely express receptors for TGF-β1. This cytokine is believed to affect the induction of myofibroblast proliferation. The aim of this paper is to point out the importance of myofibroblasts in the formation and sustainability of granuloma during natural infection of pigs with M. avium subsp. hominissuis. Examinations have been performed on the samples of Lnn. jejunales, Lnn. ileocolici and Lnn. colici of 100 pigs with a positive tuberculin skin test. The molecular method confirmed the presence of a genome M. avium subsp. hominissuis. The microscopic examination of lymph node samples stained by the routine hematoxyilin-eosin (HE) method, showed the presence of granulomatous lymphadenitis. The method of double immunohistochemical staining revealed that myofibroblasts which express TGF-β1 receptor type I (TGF-β1RI) and α smooth muscle actin (α SMA) have an important role in the morphogenesis of granulomatous lymphadenitis in pigs infected with MAH.

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Molecular Detection of Pseudorabies Virus (PrV), Porcine Parvovirus (PPV) and Porcine Circovirus 2 (PCV2) in Swine in Republic of Montenegro

Cited by 3 publications

References 29 publications

Genetic Analysis and Distribution of Porcine Parvoviruses Detected in the Organs of Wild Boars in Serbia

Genetic Analysis and Distribution of Porcine Parvoviruses Detected in the Organs of Wild Boars in Serbia

Overview of the most significant coronavirus infections in veterinary medicine

The Role of Myofibroblasts in Granulomatous Lymphadenitis in Pigs Naturally Infected with M. Avium Subsp. Hominissuis

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