Molecular Detection of Leishmania (Leishmania) mexicana in Sandflies from the State of Yucatan, Mexico

Pérez-Blas, Luis Gilberto; Chiyean-Acosta, Ángela G; Canché-Pool, Elsy B.; Tello-Martín, Raúl; Torres-Castro, Jimmy Raymundo; Ruiz‐Piña, Hugo A.; Flores-Mejía, Raúl; Cortés, Octavio Rodríguez; Reyes‐Novelo, Enrique

doi:10.1089/vbz.2022.0045

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…We did not detect the presence of other Leishmania species in the sand fly fauna. Furthermore, all sand fly species were positive for L. (L.) mexicana DNA, which supports all studies on infection in vectors and wild reservoirs in the region [8,9,12,30,31]. Additionally, this work provides the first sequences of L. (L.) mexicana for the state of Quintana Roo, which are essential for the analysis of genetic diversity at the border of Mexico and in two Central American countries.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Our findings provide a preliminary overview of the intraspecific variability of L. (L.) mexicana based on haplotype analysis. Interestingly, the analysis of genetic diversity of the parasite demonstrated the presence of a dominant haplotype present in all localities and all infected sand fly species, which could suggest the presence of possible vertebrate reservoirs that maintain this haplotype in the environment so that multiple species of sand flies become infected [8,9,30,31]. Also, we identified that the town of Petcacab presented the greatest haplotype diversity, with three and two of them being unique and previously undetected in Mexico or neighboring countries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

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Entomological Survey and Leishmania (Leishmania) mexicana Prevalence in Sand Fly Species during an Outbreak of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Quintana Roo State, Mexico

Cañeda-Guzmán,

Oca-Aguilar,

Miranda-Caballero

et al. 2023

TropicalMed

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(1) Background: Localized cutaneous leishmaniasis is a neglected vector-borne disease that has become a serious public health problem in the Yucatan Peninsula. Although more than 60% of cases originate from the state of Quintana Roo, it is one of the least explored areas in terms of incriminating vectors of the Leishmania parasite. Additionally, cases of leishmaniasis have increased substantially in that region in recent years. For this reason, we explored and provided primary evidence of Leishmania DNA in sand fly species from four localities during outbreaks of leishmaniasis in Quintana Roo. We also contributed information on the regional genetic diversity of Leishmania parasites. (2) Methods: Sand flies were collected during several periods from November 2022 to April 2023 using Mosquito Light Circle and Shannon traps, as well as an active entomological search in refuges. For Leishmania detection, we amplified a fragment of 300–350 bp of the internal transcribed spacer subunit 1 (ITS-1). (3) Results: Of the 242 females collected, we detected Leishmania DNA in 25 specimens represented by Bichromomyia olmeca (1), Psathyromyia shannoni (17), Lutzomyia cruciata (4), Psathyromyia undulata (2), and Dampfomyia deleoni (1). The detection of Leishmania in these last two species represents new records for the Yucatan Peninsula and for Mexico. Leishmania (Leishmania) mexicana was the only species detected in the Phlebotominae species, with prevalence values that ranked between 7.41% and 33.33% from specimens collected in the sylvatic areas of Cozumel Island and Petcacab. (4) Conclusions: This study provides the first evidence of infection of Da. deleoni and Pa. undulata by L. (L.) Mexicana. In addition, the presence of three dominant haplotypes in all the evaluated localities was evidenced using the analysis of genetic diversity, and the locality of Petcacab was the one with the circulation of two new haplotypes not previously described in Mexico or neighboring countries. These results highlight the importance of intensive epidemiological surveillance due to the dynamics of transmission of Leishmania between different species.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Entomological Survey and Leishmania (Leishmania) mexicana Prevalence in Sand Fly Species during an Outbreak of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Quintana Roo State, Mexico

Cañeda-Guzmán,

Oca-Aguilar,

Miranda-Caballero

et al. 2023

TropicalMed

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“…( L. ) mexicana in parts of Mexico (Berzunza-Cruz et al 2015 ), and in Brazil, L. ( L. ) amazonensis has been detected in black rats (Caldart et al 2017 ), cats (Nascimento et al 2022 ), and dogs (Tolezano et al 2007 ). Data on potential vectors of L. ( L. ) mexicana complex parasites is relatively scarce, though natural vectors of L. ( L. ) mexicana may include Psathyromyia shannoni , Lutzomyia cruciate (Perez-Blas et al 2022 ), and Lutzomyia longipalpis (da Costa et al 2019 ). Vectors of L. ( L. ) amazonensis also largely remain a mystery, though Lutzomyia cruzi (de Oliveira et al 2017 ), Lu.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic characterization and description of Leishmania (Leishmania) ellisi sp. nov.: a new human-infecting species from the USA

Sapp,

Low,

Nine

et al. 2023

Parasitol Res

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In a 2018 report, an unusual case of cutaneous leishmaniasis was described in a 72-year-old female patient residing in Arizona, United States of America (USA). Preliminary analysis of the 18S rDNA and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase genes supported the conclusion that the Leishmania strain (strain 218-L139) isolated from this case was a novel species, though a complete taxonomic description was not provided. Identification of Leishmania at the species level is critical for clinical management and epidemiologic investigations so it is important that novel human-infecting species are characterized taxonomically and assigned a unique scientific name compliant with the ICZN code. Therefore, we sought to provide a complete taxonomic description of Leishmania strain 218-L139. Phylogenetic analysis of several nuclear loci and partial maxicircle genome sequences supported its position within the subgenus Leishmania and further clarified the distinctness of this new species. Morphological characterization of cultured promastigotes and amastigotes from the original case material is also provided. Thus, we conclude that Leishmania (Leishmania) ellisi is a new cause of autochthonous cutaneous leishmaniasis in the USA.

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“…Dotted boxes: municipalities with record of Leishmania infected mammals [18][19][20][21]. Boxes with lines: municipalities with vector sandfly species reports [22][23][24][25]. Color boxes: municipalities with diagnosed autochthonous cases of LCL from 2015 to 2020.…”

Section: Vector Sandfly Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To our knowledge, only the study of Pérez-Blas et al has recorded molecular evidence of Lu. cruciata and Pa. shannoni carrying L. mexicana in a locality from Ticul municipality [25]. Formal studies on the abundance and distribution of these insects have been limited in the last 15 years, where a couple of studies focused on specific localities, which shows a noticeable need to study in greater detail the populations of species of medical importance and the changes in their distribution and abundance derived from anthropogenic transformation and environmental variation since these are factors that directly affect the establishment and maintenance of their populations [22,24,27].…”

Section: Vector Sandfly Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Emergence in Southeastern Mexico: The Case of the State of Yucatan

et al. 2022

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Environmental changes triggered by deforestation, urban expansion and climate change are present-day drivers of the emergence and reemergence of leishmaniasis. This review describes the current epidemiological scenario and the feasible influence of environmental changes on disease occurrence in the state of Yucatan, Mexico. Relevant literature was accessed through different databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Google, and Mexican official morbidity databases. Recent LCL autochthonous cases, potential vector sandflies and mammal hosts/reservoirs also have been reported in several localities of Yucatan without previous historical records of the disease. The impact of deforestation, urban expansion and projections on climate change have been documented. The current evidence of the relationships between the components of the transmission cycle, the disease occurrence, and the environmental changes on the leishmaniasis emergence in the state shows the need for strength and an update to the intervention and control strategies through a One Health perspective.

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Molecular Detection of Leishmania (Leishmania) mexicana in Sandflies from the State of Yucatan, Mexico

Cited by 6 publications

References 33 publications

Entomological Survey and Leishmania (Leishmania) mexicana Prevalence in Sand Fly Species during an Outbreak of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Quintana Roo State, Mexico

Entomological Survey and Leishmania (Leishmania) mexicana Prevalence in Sand Fly Species during an Outbreak of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Quintana Roo State, Mexico

Genetic characterization and description of Leishmania (Leishmania) ellisi sp. nov.: a new human-infecting species from the USA

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Emergence in Southeastern Mexico: The Case of the State of Yucatan

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