Molecular Detection of Helicobacter pylori and its Antimicrobial Resistance in Brazzaville, Congo

Ngoyi, Esther Nina Ontsira; Ibara, Blaise Irénée Atipo; Moyen, Rachelle; Apendi, Philestine Clausina Ahoui; Ibara, J. R.; Obengui, O.; Ibara, Roland Bienvenu Ossibi; Nguimbi, Etienne; Niama, Rock Fabien; Ouamba, J. M.; Yala, F.; Abena, Ange Antoine; Vadivelu, Jamuna; Goh, Khean Lee; Ménard, Armelle; Bénéjat, Lucie; Sifré, Elodie; Lehours, Philippe; Mégraud, Françis

doi:10.1111/hel.12204

Cited by 48 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…Our study allowed for describing a high prevalence (97.43%) of H pylori infection by molecular testing in Mauritanian patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms. This rate agrees with previous findings in African countries such as the Congo and Senegal 32,33 . However, the prevalence of H pylori infection in Mauritania is not reflected by our results because asymptomatic individuals were not included.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Characteristics of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from Mauritanian patients

et al. 2020

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Background Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) is responsible for various diseases including cancer It co‐evolved with humans, and human migrations shaped the expansion and the diversity of strains around the world. The risk of developing a disease depends on virulence factors, mainly the cytotoxin‐associated gene A protein (CagA). The aim of this study was to determine the cagA status in H pylori strains from Mauritanian patients and to search for a relationship with endoscopic and histologic findings. Material and methods H pylori was searched in gastric biopsies taken during endoscopy in patients with gastro‐duodenal symptoms. RT‐PCR was used for the diagnosis and resistance to clarithromycin. The cagA status was determined with PCR and the EPIYA‐cagA polymorphism with sequencing. Results At all, 76/78 (97.4%) biopsies were positive. The rate of clarithromycin resistance was 4/76 (5.26%) due to the A2143G mutation, with a mixed population in 2 cases. The cagA gene was present in 23/76 (30.26%) biopsies, and the EPIYA motif was ABC in 21 (91.3%). High bacterial load and inflammation were significantly associated with cagA‐positive status (P < .01). Phylogenetic analysis of the glmM and hspA genes highlighted a mixture of African and European genes in strains of H pylori isolated from patients of Moor origin. Conclusion We report a high prevalence of H pylori infection in Mauritanian patients, a low rate of clarithromycin resistance (5.26%) and high bacterial load and inflammation associated with cagA‐positive status. The phylogenetic analysis highlights the mix of different populations leading to the Moor ethnicity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Characteristics of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from Mauritanian patients

et al. 2020

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“…Lehours did not find a difference between gastritis and gastric MALT lymphoma patients regarding H. pylori Open Journal of Medical Microbiology pathogenicity factors [20]. Our results can be explained by the fact that H. pylori is acquired early in childhood, as there is no statistically significant difference between the age groups and the strains exist in many parts of the population, even if the results of the endoscopy are normal [41].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 47%

cagA and vacA Helicobacter pylori Pathogenicity Factors in Brazzaville, Congo

Ngoyi¹,

Guilloteau²,

Bénéjat³

et al. 2019

OJMM

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Introduction: CagA and VacA are the most important and well-studied virulence factors found in Helicobacter pylori. The aim of this work was to identify genes corresponding to H. pylori pathogenicity factors in Brazzaville, Congo. Material & Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out from October 2013 to December 2016. Biopsy specimens were obtained from patients scheduled for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in Brazzaville, Congo and were sent to the French National Reference Center for Campylobacters and Helicobacters in Bordeaux, France. H. pylori detection was conducted by real-time PCR using a fluorescence resonance energy transfer-melting curve analysis protocol. The identification of the genes encoding pathogenicity factors was carried out by conventional PCR using the appropriate primers for determination of CagA phosphorylation motifs 1, 2, 3; and vacAs, I and m regions: vacAi1, vacAi2, vacAs1a, vacAs1b. Results: A high prevalence of H. pylori infection was reported (108/143; 75.5%). In 92.2% (n = 71/77), the presence of P1, P2 and P3 CagA phosphorylation motifs was noted. Concerning vacA, vacAs1m1 was observed in 82% of the strains (n = 59/72). Va-cai1 was present in all strains (n = 76). With regard to the distribution according to the vacAs1 subtype, the majority of the strains (59/71; 83%) were vacAs1b positive, as compared to vacAs1c (17/34, 33%). The vacAs1a gene was absent in all of these patients. Conclusion: The presence of genes associated with severe gastric diseases indicates the importance of H. pylori eradication in the prevention of these diseases in Congo.

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“…According to Graham et al [119] , in the presence of fluoroquinolone resistance treatment success with quinolone-containing therapy decreases and these results can be predicted using a formula. A report published in United States in 2015 determined that the prevalence of levofloxacin resistance was 31.3% (95%CI: 23.1%-39.4%) [120] and another study showed a high rate of quinolone resistance (50%) in Congo [121] . We calculated the effect of quinolone resistance on treatment success using the proposed formula, which indicated success rates of 87.6% and 73.5%, respectively [119,122] .…”

Section: Quinolones To Existing Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic treatment forHelicobacter pylori: Is the end coming?

Kim

Choi

Chung

2015

WJGPT

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Infection with the Gram-negative pathogen Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori ) has been associated with gastroduodenal disease and the importance of H. pylori eradication is underscored by its designation as a group I carcinogen. The standard triple therapy consists of a proton pump inhibitor, amoxicillin and clarithromycin, although many other regimens are used, including quadruple, sequential and concomitant therapy regimens supplemented with metronidazole, clarithromycin and levofloxacin. Despite these efforts, current therapeutic regimens lack efficacy in eradication due to antibiotic resistance, drug compliance and antibiotic degradation by the acidic stomach environment. Core tip: This article reviews the recent literature describing antibiotic resistance and trends in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori ) treatment. As there is no effective conventional therapy, new treatments are being developed and bismuth quadruple, sequential, concomitant therapies are recommended as a first-line regimen in regions with high levels of clarithromycin resistance. Quinolones have also been used for H. pylori treatment, although the cure rate has gradually reduced with this approach. New therapeutic directions include probiotic supplementation, tailored therapy, novel agents, and nanotechnology.

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Molecular Detection of Helicobacter pylori and its Antimicrobial Resistance in Brazzaville, Congo

Cited by 48 publications

References 26 publications

Characteristics of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from Mauritanian patients

Characteristics of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from Mauritanian patients

<i>cagA</i> and <i>vacA</i> <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Pathogenicity Factors in Brazzaville, Congo

Antibiotic treatment forHelicobacter pylori: Is the end coming?

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Molecular Detection of Helicobacter pylori and its Antimicrobial Resistance in Brazzaville, Congo

Cited by 48 publications

References 26 publications

Characteristics of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from Mauritanian patients

Characteristics of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from Mauritanian patients

&lt;i&gt;cagA&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;vacA&lt;/i&gt; &lt;i&gt;Helicobacter pylori&lt;/i&gt; Pathogenicity Factors in Brazzaville, Congo

Antibiotic treatment forHelicobacter pylori: Is the end coming?

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<i>cagA</i> and <i>vacA</i> <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Pathogenicity Factors in Brazzaville, Congo