Molecular detection, identification and phylogenetic inference of Leishmania spp. in some desert lizards from Northwest China by using internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) sequences

Zhang, Junrong; Guo, Xianguang; Liu, Jinlong; Zhou, Ting; Gong, Xiaolei; Chen, Dali; Chen, Jianping

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2016.06.023

Cited by 24 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…Sauroleishmania are not restricted to reptiles, and human-infecting L. tropica and L. donovani isolates infect lizards, and are likely transferred by Sergentomyia from human to lizard12. There are abundant zoonotic reservoirs of Leishmania including rodents, livestock, mongooses72, bats73, hyraxes1 and dogs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…L. adleri is associated with lizard- and mammal-feeding vector Phlebotomus clydei in Kenya10 and Sergentomyia (Sergentomyia) dentata in Iran11. Diverse Sauroleishmania infections were described for different lacertid, agamid and gecko desert lizard species, including L. gymnodactyli in North-western China12. Sauroleishmania were isolated from vectors11 and lizards13 in Iran, and L. tarentolae were found in reptile-biting S. (S.) minuta sandflies in Spain14.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The genome of Leishmania adleri from a mammalian host highlights chromosome fission in Sauroleishmania

Coughlan

Mulhair

Sanders

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Control of pathogens arising from humans, livestock and wild animals can be enhanced by genome-based investigation. Phylogenetically classifying and optimal construction of these genomes using short sequence reads are key to this process. We examined the mammal-infecting unicellular parasite Leishmania adleri belonging to the lizard-infecting Sauroleishmania subgenus. L. adleri has been associated with cutaneous disease in humans, but can be asymptomatic in wild animals. We sequenced, assembled and investigated the L. adleri genome isolated from an asymptomatic Ethiopian rodent (MARV/ET/75/HO174) and verified it as L. adleri by comparison with other Sauroleishmania species. Chromosome-level scaffolding was achieved by combining reference-guided with de novo assembly followed by extensive improvement steps to produce a final draft genome with contiguity comparable with other references. L. tarentolae and L. major genome annotation was transferred and these gene models were manually verified and improved. This first high-quality draft Leishmania adleri reference genome is also the first Sauroleishmania genome from a non-reptilian host. Comparison of the L. adleri HO174 genome with those of L. tarentolae Parrot-TarII and lizard-infecting L. adleri RLAT/KE/1957/SKINK-7 showed extensive gene amplifications, pervasive aneuploidy, and fission of chromosomes 30 and 36. There was little genetic differentiation between L. adleri extracted from mammals and reptiles, highlighting challenges for leishmaniasis surveillance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The genome of Leishmania adleri from a mammalian host highlights chromosome fission in Sauroleishmania

Coughlan

Mulhair

Sanders

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…All the 10 fragments from snakes formed a strongly supported cluster with Leishmania sp. isolated from lizards [19] (PP=1.0), and revealed a close relationship of isolates from Sergentomyia minuta in Europe.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In reality, the detection of reptilian Leishmania is rare in China. Zhang et al was the first team to detect Leishmania via molecular methods from the lizards captured in the northwest of China [19]. Interestingly, besides reptilian Leishmania , mammalian Leishmania species ( L. donovani and L. tropica ) were involved despite Sauroleishmania was considered not to infect humans or other mammals [20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-locus characterization and phylogenetic inference of Leishmania spp. in snakes from Northwest China

Chen¹,

Li²,

Zhang³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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17 Background: Leishmaniasis caused by protozoan parasite Leishmania is a neglected 18 disease which is endemic in the northwest of China. Reptiles were considered to be the 19 potential reservoir hosts for mammalian Leishmaniasis, and Leishmania had been 20 detected in lizards from the epidemic area in the northwest of China. To date, few 21 studies are focused on the natural infection of snakes with Leishmania. 22 Methods: In this study, 15 snakes captured from 10 endemic foci in the northwest of 23 China were detected Leishmania spp. on the base of mitochondrial cytochrome b, heat 24 shock protein 70 gene and ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 regions, and 25 identified with phylogenetic and network analyses.26 Result: In total, Leishmania gene was found in 7 snakes. The phylogenetic inference 27 trees and network analysis suggests that the species identification was confirmed as 28 Leishmania donovani, Leishmania turanica and Leishmania sp.29 Conclusion: Our work is the first time to investigate the natural Leishmania spp. 30 infection of snakes in the northwest of China. Mammalian Leishmania was discovered 31 in snakes and the reptilian Leishmania was closely related to the clinical strains both 32 prompt the importance of snakes in the disease cycle. To indicate the epidemiological 33 involvement of snakes, a wide sample size in epidemic area and the pathogenic features 34 of reptilian Leishmania promastigotes are recommended in the future research.35 36 human host, parasite, vectors and in some cases an animal reservoir host, the control of 60 Leishmaniasis is pretty complex. As for the desert in the northwest of China, there is 61 no consistent agreement regarding dissemination of the actors playing the key roles in 62 leishmaniasis. 63 Moreover, reptiles, mainly lizards, were found harboring Leishmania parasites 64 with controversies in the part of spreading the disease [10]. Blood cells of lizards 65 containing amastigotes were first found by Chatton and Blanc in Tarentola mauritanica 66 from southern Tunisia [11] and then several cases from the same lizard species were 67 reported in the next decades [12]. Wenyon provisionally named the leptomonad 68 flagellates in gecko as Leishmania tarentolae [13]. Killick-Kendrick recognized 69 Sauroleishmania as a separate genus for the leishmanial parasites of reptiles [14], later 70 DNA sequence-based phylogenies had clearly placed it within the Leishmania genus as 71 a secondarily derived development from the mammalian species [15-17]. Most studies 72 were focused on the infection of Leishmania parasites in lizards, but few were in snakes 73 except Belova and Bogdanov cultured promastigotes from the blood of five species of 74 snakes in the Turkmen S.S.R. [14,18]. 75 In reality, the detection of reptilian Leishmania is rare in China. Zhang et al. was 76 the first team to detect Leishmania via molecular methods from the lizards captured in 77 the northwest of China [19]. Interestingly, besides reptilian Leishmania, mammalian 78 Leishmania species (L. donova...

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“…The presence of L. major DNA in S. clydei [7] and S. minuta [33] could be explained by recent feedings on infected animals resulting in parasite DNA remnants after blood digestion. Sandflies of the genus Sergentomyia are vectors of reptile Leishmania [34].…”

Section: Current Status Of Leishmaniasis and Their Proven Vectors In mentioning

confidence: 99%

The current status of phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in Tunisia and their role on Leishmania transmission: A review

Tabbabi¹,

Sboui²,

Daaboub³

2017

APJTD

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Molecular detection, identification and phylogenetic inference of Leishmania spp. in some desert lizards from Northwest China by using internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) sequences

Cited by 24 publications

References 44 publications

The genome of Leishmania adleri from a mammalian host highlights chromosome fission in Sauroleishmania

The genome of Leishmania adleri from a mammalian host highlights chromosome fission in Sauroleishmania

Multi-locus characterization and phylogenetic inference of Leishmania spp. in snakes from Northwest China

The current status of phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in Tunisia and their role on Leishmania transmission: A review

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