Molecular detection and prevalence of Theileria ovis and Anaplasma marginale in sheep blood samples collected from Layyah district in Punjab, Pakistan

Abid, Kainat; Bukhari, Sundas; Asif, Muhammad; Sattar, Ayesha; Akhbari, Maryam; Aktaş, Münir; Özübek, Sezayi; Shaikh, Rehan Sadiq

doi:10.1007/s11250-021-02870-5

Cited by 23 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Among the different species of Theileria, Theileria annulata and Theileria parva are the most pathogenic for cattle, while other Theileria species are comparatively less pathogenic; however, all these species are well-known as life-threatening risks to various vertebrates [4]. Several species of Theileria are endemic in Pakistan, including T. annulata, Theileria orientalis, Theileria lestoquardi, and Theileria ovis [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Characterization and Assessment of Risk Factors Associated with Theileria annulata Infection

et al. 2022

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Theileria annulata is a tick-associated parasite that causes tropical theileriosis in livestock and is responsible for huge economic losses. Studies have been neglected on the effect of Theileria spp. on cattle in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan. The present study was designed to determine the genetic diversity and assess the risk factors associated with Theileria infection in selected districts of KP. Information on the risk factors related to the Theileria infection was collected through a questionnaire. Blood samples were collected from symptomatic cattle from January 2019 to February 2020, identified morphologically through microscopic examination, and processed for molecular characterization using the 18S rRNA gene as a genetic marker. Of the 555 cattle examined (136, 24.5%) and (294, 53%) were found positive for Theileria spp. by microscopic examination and a PCR test, respectively. Based on the PCR test, the highest prevalence of infection was found in district Upper Dir (46/75, 61.3%), followed by Lower Dir (54/90, 60%); Malakand (51/88, 57.9%); Peshawar (40/80, 50%); and Charsadda (52/112, 46.4%), with the lowest in Bajaur (51/110, 46.34%). A BLAST analysis of the 18S rDNA sequences showed 99.5% identity with T. annulata. In a phylogenetic tree, the 18S rDNA sequence of T. annulata clustered with sequences from Pakistan, China, and Italy. A significant association was observed between the prevalence of infection and different host characteristics. The highest infection was found in adult cattle (216/360, 60%); females (218/377, 57.8%); and Holstein Friesian (120/180, 66.6%). Theileria infection was significantly associated with management practices. Higher infection rates were observed in free-grazing cattle (190/412, 42.2%); those kept in unhygienic conditions (246/405, 60.7%); cattle in combined farming systems (165/255, 64.8%); and those in congested stall systems (150/218, 68.8%). Seasonal patterns were found to be significantly associated with infection, and a higher infection rate was observed in summer (215/350, 61.4%) than in winter (79/205, 38.5%). Identified risk factors should be considered in designing practical control approaches to reduce the burden of Theileria infection. Large scale studies are required to explore the diversity of Theileria species in KP, Pakistan.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Characterization and Assessment of Risk Factors Associated with Theileria annulata Infection

et al. 2022

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“…Theileriosis is treated by oral implementation of halofuginone and by intra-muscular infusion of buparvaquone [ 9 ]. Animals surviving from acute disease usually become carriers of Theileria piroplasms and act as reservoirs for the maintenance of the parasite population [ 10 ]. Therefore, identification of carrier animals is worthwhile in epidemiological studies for concluding the infection risk, and for the implementation and monitoring of control programs [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Epidemiology of Theileria annulata in Cattle from Two Districts in Punjab (Pakistan)

Parveen

Alkhaibari

Asif

et al. 2021

Animals

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The present study was designed to report the molecular prevalence of T. annulata in cattle blood samples collected from Punjab in Pakistan. A total of 428 cattle blood samples were collected from Districts Lodhran (n = 218) and Dera Ghazi Khan (n = 210). The prevalence of T. annulata was determined by the amplification of a fragment from its cytochrome b gene and parasite prevalence was significantly higher (p = 0.03) in the blood samples of cattle collected from Dera Ghazi Khan (70/210; 33%) as compared to Lodhran (52/218; 24%). Presence of T. annulata was also confirmed by the amplification of a fragment from their 30 kDa gene. The amplified PCR products of both genes were confirmed by DNA sequencing and these partial DNA sequences were submitted to GenBank. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that amplified partial gene sequences resembled previously reported T. annulata sequences in cattle from India, China, Iran, Tunisia, Turkey and Egypt. The incidence of T. annulata infection was higher in Sahiwal cattle (p = 0.04) than the other enrolled cattle breed from Dera Ghazi Khan. Female cattle from Lodhran (p = 0.02), while males (p = 0.02), animals housed in close compounds (p = 0.04), animals with a tick burden (p = 0.005) and farms with only cattle (p = 0.01) in Dear Ghazi Khan were found to be more susceptible to T. annulata infection. We recommend that large-scale tick and tick-borne disease control strategies be implemented in both districts under investigation, especially in Dera Ghazi Khan.

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“…The The results of the phylogenetic tree of the local sequences of T. ovis was showed that it possesses common phylogenetic characteristics and a high evolutionary relationship with the sequences of T. ovis recorded in the NCBI GenBank for different countries including Pakistan and India, with the 100% Identity, after performing 100 nucleotide sequence reconstructing using Bootstrap analysis (Abid et al, 2021;Eliwa et al, 2021;Niaz et al, 2021). In addition, results of the phylogenetic tree of the local sequences of T. lestoquardi was also showed that it possesses common phylogenetic characteristics and a high evolutionary relationship with the sequences of T. lestoquardi recorded in the NCBI GenBank.…”

Section: Discussinmentioning

confidence: 98%

Phylogenetic study of theileria ovis and theileria lestoquardi in infected sheep and it is associated ticks in mosul city, Iraq

Hamid

Al-Obaidi

2022

ijhs

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This is a first molecular report investigate the phylogenic analysis of Theileria spp. in sheep and it's infested ticks in Mosul city-Iraq. A total of 185 blood samples were collected from sheep in different areas of Mosul city. A sixty five Ixodid ticks were also collected from different parts of infected animals. The overall prevalence of Theileria spp. was 52.4% (97 out of 185), for Theileria ovis it was 9.7%, Theileria lestoquardi it was 20% and mixed infection it was 22.7% in sheep in Mosul city, based on conventional-PCR and multiplex-PCR techniques. the infestation rat of Ixodid ticks on sheep was 11.8% (22 out of 185) and three species of Ixodid ticks (n=65) were identified and classified: Hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum 37 (56.9%), Rhipicephalus sanguineus 16 (24.6%), Rh. turanicus 12 (18.4%) based on microscopic examination. BLASTn individual sequencing analysis of six sequences of 18S rRNA gene, composing sequences of T. ovis (n=3) (One extracted from sheep blood and two extracted from engorged female ticks), and sequences of T. lestoquardi (n=3) (One extracted from sheep blood and two extracted from engorged female ticks).

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Molecular detection and prevalence of Theileria ovis and Anaplasma marginale in sheep blood samples collected from Layyah district in Punjab, Pakistan

Cited by 23 publications

References 33 publications

Molecular Characterization and Assessment of Risk Factors Associated with Theileria annulata Infection

Molecular Characterization and Assessment of Risk Factors Associated with Theileria annulata Infection

Molecular Epidemiology of Theileria annulata in Cattle from Two Districts in Punjab (Pakistan)

Phylogenetic study of theileria ovis and theileria lestoquardi in infected sheep and it is associated ticks in mosul city, Iraq

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