Molecular design and evaluation of quinoxaline-carbohydrate hybrids as novel and efficient photo-induced GG-selective DNA cleaving agents

Abstract

Quinoxaline, found in antitumor quinoxaline antibiotics, was found to cleave double stranded DNA at the 5' side guanine of 5'-GG-3' site on irradiation with long wavelength UV light without any additive; furthermore, a bis(quinoxaline-carbohydrate) hybrid system was very effective for DNA cleavage.

Terpyridine Oxovanadium(IV) Complexes of Phenanthroline Bases for Cellular Imaging and Photocytotoxicity in HeLa Cells

“…The dppz ligand exhibits an additional band near 350 nm assignable to the nǞπ* transition involving the phenazine moiety. [45] The terpyridyl complexes show emission spectral band at 355 nm for 1; 410, 434 nm for 2; 408, 461 nm for 3; and 406, 457 nm for 4 when excitated at 267, 360, 345 and 362 nm, respectively, in 50 % aqueous DMSO. The emission spectral features are similar to those observed for analogous terpyridyl complexes.…”

“…[45,46] The terpyridine ligand could also render structural stability to the DNA complex adduct since platinum(II) complexes of terpyridine derivatives are reported to show good antitumor activity via stabilazation of Gquadruplex. [47,48] Also, the pyrenyl moiety could serve as "fluorescent tag" for cellular imaging.…”

DNA Photocleavage and Cytotoxic Properties of Ferrocene Conjugates

“…The results suggest the importance of the photoactive phenanthroline moiety having two nitrogen atoms that could undergo n-π* transitions for the presence of DNA photocleavage activity. [41] The compounds are inactive in the dark, which excludes the possibility of DNA hydrolysis. Inactivity of the compounds under an argon atmosphere indicates the necessity for molecular oxygen to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) to photocleave DNA.…”

A Facile and Efficient Synthesis of Quinoxalines from Phenacyl Bromides and Ortho Phenylenediamine Promoted by Zirconium Tungstate

“…They are also used in the agricultural field as fungicides, herbicides, and insecticides [1]. In addition, quinoxaline derivatives have also found applications in dyes, efficient electron luminescent materials, organic semiconductors, chemically controllable switches, building blocks for the synthesis of anion receptors, cavitands, and dehydoannulenes [15,16]. They also serve as useful rigid subunits in macrocyclic receptors in molecular recognition.…”