Molecular Confinement Accelerates Deformation of Entangled Polymers During Squeeze Flow

Rowland, Harry D.; King, William P.; Pethica, J. B.; Cross, Graham L. W.

doi:10.1126/science.1157945

Cited by 119 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Polymer melts are composed of long entangled polymer chains, without cross-linkers, and are known to have significantly-modified mechanical properties near their surfaces. The presence of interfaces and confinement may alter the network of entanglements of thin polymer films, thus reducing their resistance to deformation [15][16][17][18].…”

Section: B Physicochemical Origins Of Surface Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid capillarity: when and how does surface tension deform soft solids?

et al. 2016

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Soft solids differ from stiff solids in an important way: their surface stresses can drive large deformations. Based on a topical workshop held in the Lorentz Center in Leiden, this Opinion highlights some recent advances in the growing field of solid capillarity and poses key questions for its advancement. Capillarity of Soft InterfacesW o r k s h o p : 2 -6 N o v e m b e r 2 0 1 5 , L e i d e n , t h e N e t h e r l a n d s T h e Lo re nt z Ce nte r is a n i nte r n at i o n a l center in the sciences. Its aim is to organize workshops for scientists in an atm osp h ere that fos ter s co llab o r ati ve work, discussions and interactions. F o r r e g i s t r a t i o n s e e : w w w . l o r e n t z c e n t e r . n lThe forces that hold a water droplet together also pull on delicate objects such as the leaves and petals of plants. Photo CC BY-NC-SA 2.0 by Cé dric Fayemendy. Pos ter design: Sup erNova Studios . NL

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Section: B Physicochemical Origins Of Surface Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid capillarity: when and how does surface tension deform soft solids?

et al. 2016

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“…Such "mechanical annealing," however, comes at the expense of severe plastic deformation and significant changes in shape and/or dimensions of the crystal (9)(10)(11)(12). Mechanical annealing could potentially serve as an attractive pathway for tailoring the properties of nanoscale devices in such applications as nanoprint embossing (13,14) and electronics (15,16), if defects could be eliminated by recourse to nondestructive means that do not introduce changes in crystal shape and/or dimensions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclic deformation leads to defect healing and strengthening of small-volume metal crystals

Wang

Cui

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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When microscopic and macroscopic specimens of metals are subjected to cyclic loading, the creation, interaction, and accumulation of defects lead to damage, cracking, and failure. Here we demonstrate that when aluminum single crystals of submicrometer dimensions are subjected to low-amplitude cyclic deformation at room temperature, the density of preexisting dislocation lines and loops can be dramatically reduced with virtually no change of the overall sample geometry and essentially no permanent plastic strain. This "cyclic healing" of the metal crystal leads to significant strengthening through dramatic reductions in dislocation density, in distinct contrast to conventional cyclic strain hardening mechanisms arising from increases in dislocation density and interactions among defects in microcrystalline and macrocrystalline metals and alloys. Our real-time, in situ transmission electron microscopy observations of tensile tests reveal that pinned dislocation lines undergo shakedown during cyclic straining, with the extent of dislocation unpinning dependent on the amplitude, sequence, and number of strain cycles. Those unpinned mobile dislocations moving close enough to the free surface of the thin specimens as a result of such repeated straining are then further attracted to the surface by image forces that facilitate their egress from the crystal. These results point to a versatile pathway for controlled mechanical annealing and defect engineering in submicrometer-sized metal crystals, thereby obviating the need for thermal annealing or significant plastic deformation that could cause change in shape and/or dimensions of the specimen.fatigue | dislocation motion | pristine materials | yield strength | cyclic mechanical healing

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“…[7,8] Metal wrinkles, thin films of metal on polymer substrates, have promise for applications in molecular detection, optical devices, filters and sorters, high-surface-area conductors and actuators, and even metrology. [9][10][11][12] We have developed a rapid approach to create metal nanowrinkles of tunable size and demonstrable utility on a shape memory polymer, [13,14] pre-stressed polystyrene (PS) sheets commercially available as the children's toy Shrinky-Dinks.…”

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confidence: 99%

Tunable Nanowrinkles on Shape Memory Polymer Sheets

et al. 2009

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Controllable biaxial and uniaxial nanowrinkles (see figure) are fabricated by a simple two‐step approach — metal deposition and subsequent heating — based on shape memory polymer (prestressed polystyrene) sheets. The wavelengths of the wrinkles can be tuned by controlling the thickness of deposited metal. The ready integration of the nanowrinkles into microchannels and their effectiveness in surface enhanced sensing is demonstrated.

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Molecular Confinement Accelerates Deformation of Entangled Polymers During Squeeze Flow

Cited by 119 publications

References 32 publications

Solid capillarity: when and how does surface tension deform soft solids?

Solid capillarity: when and how does surface tension deform soft solids?

Cyclic deformation leads to defect healing and strengthening of small-volume metal crystals

Tunable Nanowrinkles on Shape Memory Polymer Sheets

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