Molecular cloning of SVP: a negative regulator of the floral transition in Arabidopsis

Hartmann, Ulrike; Höhmann, Susanne; Nettesheim, Klaus; Wisman, Ellen; Saedler, Heinz; Huijser, Peter

doi:10.1046/j.1365-313x.2000.00682.x

Cited by 506 publications

(525 citation statements)

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“…Arabidopsis SVP family genes, AGL24 and SVP, regulate floral transition and FM identity (Hartmann et al, 2000;Michaels et al, 2003;Gregis et al, 2008). Interestingly, rice SVP genes are not important for flowering time but have a conserved role in meristem identity and have additional functions in controlling the response to brassinosteroids (Lee et al, 2008).…”

Section: Osmads1 Promotes Fm Identity and Its Maintenancementioning

confidence: 99%

RiceLHS1/OsMADS1Controls Floret Meristem Specification by Coordinated Regulation of Transcription Factors and Hormone Signaling Pathways

2013

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SEPALLATA (SEP) MADS box transcription factors mediate floral development in association with other regulators. Mutants in five rice (Oryza sativa) SEP genes suggest both redundant and unique functions in panicle branching and floret development. LEAFY HULL STERILE1/OsMADS1, from a grass-specific subgroup of LOFSEP genes, is required for specifying a single floret on the spikelet meristem and for floret organ development, but its downstream mechanisms are unknown. Here, key pathways and directly modulated targets of OsMADS1 were deduced from expression analysis after its knockdown and induction in developing florets and by studying its chromatin occupancy at downstream genes. The negative regulation of OsMADS34, another LOFSEP gene, and activation of OsMADS55, a SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE-like floret meristem identity gene, show its role in facilitating the spikelet-to-floret meristem transition. Direct regulation of other transcription factor genes like OsHB4 (a class III homeodomain Leu zipper member), OsBLH1 (a BEL1-like homeodomain member), OsKANADI2, OsKANADI4, and OsETTIN2 show its role in meristem maintenance, determinacy, and lateral organ development. We found that the OsMADS1 targets OsETTIN1 and OsETTIN2 redundantly ensure carpel differentiation. The multiple effects of OsMADS1 in promoting auxin transport, signaling, and auxin-dependent expression and its direct repression of three cytokinin A-type response regulators show its role in balancing meristem growth, lateral organ differentiation, and determinacy. Overall, we show that OsMADS1 integrates transcriptional and signaling pathways to promote rice floret specification and development.Patterning an angiosperm flower requires the combined and individual functions of class A, B, C, D, and E MADS box transcription factors (Krizek and Fletcher, 2005;Thompson and Hake, 2009). In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), the class E activity is conferred by four redundant proteins, SEPALLATA1 (SEP1), SEP2, SEP3, and SEP4, that are cofactors in complexes with other MADS box factors that determine floral organ identities and meristem determinacy (Pelaz et al., 2000). Studies on loss-and gain-of-function mutants in SEP genes together with protein interaction analyses point to their pivotal role in mediating interactions among other floral organ-patterning genes (Honma and Goto, 2001;Ditta et al., 2004;Immink et al., 2009). The largely shared functions of Arabidopsis SEP genes differ from observations that homologs in other plants often have discrete roles in floral development (Malcomber and Kellogg, 2005), but the molecular mechanism underlying their species-specific roles is not well studied. In addition to the ABCDE class of organ fate regulators, a number of hormone signaling pathways influence floral transition, organ numbers, fertility, and floral meristem (FM) determinacy. Dynamic interactions are reported between transcription factors and specific hormone signaling factors during the establishment of Arabidopsis FMs (Sessions et al., 1997;Leibfried et al., ...

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Section: Osmads1 Promotes Fm Identity and Its Maintenancementioning

confidence: 99%

RiceLHS1/OsMADS1Controls Floret Meristem Specification by Coordinated Regulation of Transcription Factors and Hormone Signaling Pathways

2013

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“…Of the clones from this screen, one started in the MADS box and three began in the I region. SVP was identi®ed as an Arabidopsisexpressed sequence tag with homology to the MADS-box family (Alvarez-Buylla et al, 2000a), and was also cloned by Hartman et al (2000) through transposon tagging. SVP is a repressor of¯owering and is expressed in young leaves and throughout the shoot apical meristem during vegetative development.…”

Section: Proteins That Interact With Calmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SVP is a repressor of¯owering and is expressed in young leaves and throughout the shoot apical meristem during vegetative development. After the transition to¯owering, it is expressed in young¯ower primordia until stage 3 (Hartman et al, 2000).…”

Section: Proteins That Interact With Calmentioning

confidence: 99%

APETALA1 and SEPALLATA3 interact to promote flower development

et al. 2001

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SummaryIn Arabidopsis, the closely related APETALA1 (AP1) and CAULIFLOWER (CAL) MADS-box genes share overlapping roles in promoting¯ower meristem identity. Later in¯ower development, the AP1 gene is required for normal development of sepals and petals. Studies of MADS-domain proteins in diverse species have shown that they often function as heterodimers or in larger ternary complexes, suggesting that additional proteins may interact with AP1 and CAL during¯ower development. To identify proteins that may interact with AP1 and CAL, we used the yeast two-hybrid assay. Among the ®ve MADS-box genes identi®ed in this screen, the SEPALLATA3 (SEP3) gene was chosen for further study. Mutations in the SEP3 gene, as well as SEP3 antisense plants that have a reduction in SEP3 RNA, display phenotypes that closely resemble intermediate alleles of AP1. Furthermore, the early¯owering phenotype of plants constitutively expressing AP1 is signi®cantly enhanced by constitutive SEP3 expression. Taken together, these studies suggest that SEP3 interacts with AP1 to promote normal¯ower development.

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“…In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), the Short Vegetative Phase (SVP) gene encodes a MADS-box transcription factor that delays the floral transition (Hartmann et al, 2000). Mutations that disrupt SVP cause early flowering (Hartmann et al, 2000), whereas ectopic expression of SVP results in late flowering.…”

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confidence: 99%

Short Vegetative Phase-Like MADS-Box Genes Inhibit Floral Meristem Identity in Barley

Tadege²,

et al. 2006

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Analysis of the functions of Short Vegetative Phase (SVP)-like MADS-box genes in barley (Hordeum vulgare) indicated a role in determining meristem identity. Three SVP-like genes are expressed in vegetative tissues of barley: Barley MADS1 (BM1), BM10, and Vegetative to Reproductive Transition gene 2. These genes are induced by cold but are repressed during floral development. Ectopic expression of BM1 inhibited spike development and caused floral reversion in barley, with florets at the base of the spike replaced by tillers. Head emergence was delayed in plants that ectopically express BM1, primarily by delayed development after the floral transition, but expression levels of the barley VRN1 gene (HvVRN1) were not affected. Ectopic expression of BM10 inhibited spike development and caused partial floral reversion, where florets at the base of the spike were replaced by inflorescence-like structures, but did not affect heading date. Floral reversion occurred more frequently when BM1 and BM10 ectopic expression lines were grown in short-day conditions. BM1 and BM10 also inhibited floral development and caused floral reversion when expressed in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). We conclude that SVP-like genes function to suppress floral meristem identity in winter cereals.During the life cycle of a plant, the shoot apical meristem progresses through three phases of development: vegetative, inflorescence, and floral (Poethig, 1990). In each phase, the apical meristem produces a different set of organs. The vegetative meristem produces leaves, the inflorescence meristem produces leaves and floral meristems to form the inflorescence, and the floral meristem produces the organs that form the flower. The different phases of meristem development are controlled by genes that establish and maintain meristem identity.The shift from vegetative to inflorescence meristem identity, the floral transition, marks the beginning of the reproductive growth phase and is an important determinant of flowering time. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), the Short Vegetative Phase (SVP) gene encodes a MADS-box transcription factor that delays the floral transition (Hartmann et al., 2000). Mutations that disrupt SVP cause early flowering (Hartmann et al., 2000), whereas ectopic expression of SVP results in late flowering. Ectopic expression of SVP also inhibits floral meristem identity, causing floral abnormalities such as the conversion of sepals and petals to leaf-like structures (Brill and Watson, 2004;Masiero et al., 2004) and causing inflorescence-like structures to develop within flowers (Brill and Watson, 2004). The development of inflorescences within flowers indicates that meristematic cells within the flower have lost floral identity and have formed an inflorescence instead of floral organs, a phenomenon known as floral reversion (Tooke et al., 2005). Presumably, ectopic expression of SVP causes floral reversion by interfering with a mechanism that maintains floral meristem identity.The Arabidopsis gene, AGAMOUS-LIKE 24 (AGL24)...

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Molecular cloning of SVP: a negative regulator of the floral transition in Arabidopsis

Cited by 506 publications

References 49 publications

RiceLHS1/OsMADS1Controls Floret Meristem Specification by Coordinated Regulation of Transcription Factors and Hormone Signaling Pathways

RiceLHS1/OsMADS1Controls Floret Meristem Specification by Coordinated Regulation of Transcription Factors and Hormone Signaling Pathways

APETALA1 and SEPALLATA3 interact to promote flower development

Short Vegetative Phase-Like MADS-Box Genes Inhibit Floral Meristem Identity in Barley

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