Molecular cloning of GRA4, a Toxoplasma gondii dense granule protein, recognized by mucosal IgA antibodies

Mévélec, Marie-Noëlle; Chardès, Thierry; Mercereau‐Puijalon, Odile; Bourguin, Isabelle; Achbarou, Abderahim; Dubremetz, Jean‐François; Bout, Daniel

doi:10.1016/0166-6851(92)90172-g

Cited by 70 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In the past 35 years, several dozen genes encoding T. gondii proteins have been cloned into bacterial and eukaryotic expression systems, as follows: the surface antigens SAG1 (P30) (9-12), SAG2 (P22) (12)(13)(14)(15), SAG3 (P43) (16), and P35 (15); the dense granule antigens GRA1 (P24) (11,17), GRA2 (P28) (18)(19)(20)(21)(22), GRA4 (23,24), GRA5 (25), GRA6 (P32) (15,26,27), and GRA7 (P29) (11,(28)(29)(30)(31); the rhoptry antigens ROP1 (P66) (20) and ROP2 (P54) (32)(33)(34); and B10 (P41) (35), MAG1 (36), and MIC1 (37). Many of these recombinant antigens have been used for the detection of T. gondii-specific antibodies in human serum samples (38).…”

Section: T Gondii Recombinant Antigensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxoplasma gondii Recombinant Antigens as Tools for Serodiagnosis of Human Toxoplasmosis: Current Status of Studies

Holec-Gąsior

2013

Clin Vaccine Immunol

110

105

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Toxoplasma gondii is a parasitic protozoan which is the cause of toxoplasmosis. Although human toxoplasmosis in healthy adults is usually asymptomatic, serious disease can occur in the case of congenital infections and immunocompromised individuals. Furthermore, despite the exact recognition of its etiology, it still presents a diagnostic problem. Diagnosis of toxoplasmosis is mainly based on the results of serological tests detecting anti-T. gondii-specific antibodies in the patient's serum sample. The specificities and sensitivities of serology tests depend mostly on the diagnostic antigen(s) used. Most of the commercial serological kits currently available are based on Toxoplasma lysate antigens (TLAs). In recent years, many studies showed that recombinant antigenic proteins of T. gondii may be an alternative source of antigens which are very useful for the serodiagnosis of toxoplasmosis. This article presents a review of current studies on the application and usefulness of different T. gondii recombinant antigens in serological tests for the diagnosis of human toxoplasmosis.

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Section: T Gondii Recombinant Antigensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxoplasma gondii Recombinant Antigens as Tools for Serodiagnosis of Human Toxoplasmosis: Current Status of Studies

Holec-Gąsior

2013

Clin Vaccine Immunol

110

105

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“…GRA4 has been identified by the screening of clones from a T. gondii expression library with the immune serum from a T. gondii-infected rabbit and further screening using milk and intestinal secretions from mice orally infected with T. gondii cysts [40]. The deduced amino acid sequence contains a putative Nterminal signal sequence of 20 amino acids but no apparent glycolipid anchor sequence and a proline rich (12%) product with an internal hydrophobic region of 19 amino acids and a potential site of N-glycosylation.…”

Section: Gra4mentioning

confidence: 99%

GRA Proteins of Toxoplasma gondii: Maintenance of Host-Parasite Interactions across the Parasitophorous Vacuolar Membrane

Nam

2009

Korean J Parasitol

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Abstract:The dense granule of Toxoplasma gondii is a secretory vesicular organelle of which the proteins participate in the modification of the parasitophorous vacuole (PV) and PV membrane for the maintenance of intracellular parasitism in almost all nucleated host cells. In this review, the archives on the research of GRA proteins are reviewed on the foci of finding GRA proteins, characterizing molecular aspects, usefulness in diagnostic antigen, and vaccine trials in addition to some functions in host-parasite interactions.

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“…rROP2 has been constructed containing all of the three potential T-cell epitopes already described (41). rGRA4 comprises the C-terminal region and contains all of the B-cell epitopes as well as the T-cell epitope (positions 326 to 334) already described (32,33). To obtain the plasmid encoding the GRA4 gene, the DNA sequence of the gra4 gene (32) was obtained from the GenBank database (accession number M76432).…”

Section: Parasitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recombinant GRA4 or ROP2 Protein Combined with Alum or thegra4Gene Provides Partial Protection in Chronic Murine Models of Toxoplasmosis

Martin

Supanitsky

Echeverria

et al. 2004

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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The efficacy of vaccination with Toxoplasma gondii recombinant GRA4 (rGRA4) and ROP2 (rRPO2) proteins and a mix of both combined with alum were evaluated in C57BL/6 and C3H mice. In C57BL/6 mice, rGRA4 and rGRA4-rROP2 immunizations generated similar levels of immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) and IgG2a isotypes against GRA4, whereas immunizations with rROP2 and the mix induced a predominant IgG1 production against ROP2. All groups of C3H vaccinated mice exhibited higher levels of IgG1 than IgG2a. rGRA4-stimulated splenocytes from vaccinated mice produced primarily gamma interferon while those stimulated with rROP2 produced interleukin-4. Challenge of rGRA4-or rGRA4-rROP2-vaccinated mice from both strains with ME49 cysts resulted in fewer brain cysts than the controls, whereas vaccination with rROP2 alone only conferred protection to C3H mice. Immunization with a plasmid carrying the entire open reading frame of GRA4 showed a protective level similar to that of rGRA4 combined with alum. These results suggest that GRA4 can be a good candidate for a multiantigen anti-T. gondii vaccine based on the use of alum as an adjuvant.

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Molecular cloning of GRA4, a Toxoplasma gondii dense granule protein, recognized by mucosal IgA antibodies

Cited by 70 publications

References 32 publications

Toxoplasma gondii Recombinant Antigens as Tools for Serodiagnosis of Human Toxoplasmosis: Current Status of Studies

Toxoplasma gondii Recombinant Antigens as Tools for Serodiagnosis of Human Toxoplasmosis: Current Status of Studies

GRA Proteins of Toxoplasma gondii: Maintenance of Host-Parasite Interactions across the Parasitophorous Vacuolar Membrane

Recombinant GRA4 or ROP2 Protein Combined with Alum or thegra4Gene Provides Partial Protection in Chronic Murine Models of Toxoplasmosis

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