Molecular cloning of chicken prepro-orexin cDNA and preferential expression in the chicken hypothalamus

Ohkubo, Tadayasu; Boswell, Tim; Lumineau, Sophie

doi:10.1016/s0167-4781(02)00483-9

Cited by 62 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Contrary to results demonstrated in other species, human orexins did not stimulate food intake in neonatal chicks (Furuse et al 1999). In addition, we recently cloned prepro-orexin cDNA from chicken hypothalamus and described that food deprivation for 24 h did not alter orexin mRNA expression in the chicken hypothalamus (Ohkubo et al 2002). In amphibians, the Xenopus orexin gene has been cloned and the peptides were bioactive in a human OXR in vitro functional assay; however, in vivo actions of orexin were not addressed (Shibahara et al 1999).…”

Section: Atacatcgtcgtgttcatcgtggctctcgtcgggaacgtgctggtttgtattgcagtgtgcontrasting

confidence: 81%

“…Furthermore, there is no available report describing cDNA cloning for OXR(s) in non-mammalian species, and the tissue distribution of the receptor would be invaluable for gaining insight into the physiological actions of orexin in non-mammalian vertebrates. At least in birds, data suggest that orexin is not involved in the regulation of food intake (Furuse et al 1999, Ohkubo et al 2002; thus alternative functions other than orexigenic actions should be clarified. To address this issue, we aimed to clone chicken OXR (cOXR) cDNA and reveal tissue distribution of the mRNA in both central and peripheral tissues in the chicken.…”

Section: Atacatcgtcgtgttcatcgtggctctcgtcgggaacgtgctggtttgtattgcagtgtgmentioning

confidence: 99%

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cDNA cloning of chicken orexin receptor and tIssue distribution: sexually dimorphic expression in chicken gonads

Ohkubo¹,

Tsukada²,

Shamoto³

2003

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology

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Orexin-A and -B are known to stimulate food intake in mammals. However, the critical roles of orexins in birds are not fully understood, since orexins have no stimulatory effect on food intake in the chicken. To understand the physiological role(s) of orexins in birds, we have cloned chicken orexin receptor (cOXR) cDNA by RT-PCR, and analysed the tissue distribution of OXR mRNA in the chicken. The cOXR cDNA is 1869 bp long and encodes 501 amino acids. The cloned cDNA for cOXR corresponds to the type 2 OXR in mammals, and shows approximately 80% similarity to those of mammals at the amino acid level. Expression analysis by RNase protection assay revealed OXR mRNA was distributed widely in brain regions, and expression in the cerebrum, hypothalamus and optic tectum were abundant. In peripheral tissues, OXR mRNA was expressed in the pituitary gland, adrenal gland and testis, but no mRNA expression was observed in other tissues examined. Furthermore, we found that the amount of cOXR mRNA was different between testis and ovary, while prepro-orexin mRNA is equally expressed in the gonads of both sexes in the chicken. These data indicate that the orexins have neuroendocrine actions in chickens, which are mediated through hypothalamic receptors as has been observed in mammals. In addition, orexin may have specific role(s) in the regulation of gonadal function in which sex-dependent mechanisms could be involved.

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Section: Atacatcgtcgtgttcatcgtggctctcgtcgggaacgtgctggtttgtattgcagtgtgcontrasting

confidence: 81%

Section: Atacatcgtcgtgttcatcgtggctctcgtcgggaacgtgctggtttgtattgcagtgtgmentioning

confidence: 99%

cDNA cloning of chicken orexin receptor and tIssue distribution: sexually dimorphic expression in chicken gonads

Ohkubo¹,

Tsukada²,

Shamoto³

2003

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology

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“…Intriguingly, the ORX-containing neurons in amphibians detected with ORX-A and ORX-B antisera (Shibahara et al, 1999;Galas et al, 2001) were found in corresponding preoptic and hypothalamic areas in zebrafish. The ORX neurons in chicks were found in a continuous cluster mainly in two hypothalamic areas, the periventricular hypothalamic nucleus and the lateral hypothalamic area (Ohkubo et al, 2002). The ORX cluster in chicks might be equivalent to both preoptic and hypothalamic or only the hypothalamic cluster of fish and amphibians.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Scale bars: A-D, 50 m; E-G, 10 m. GC, Central gray; MFB, medial forebrain bundle; Rd, dorsal raphe nucleus; Rm, medial raphe nucleus; Rv, rhombencephalic ventricle; TSc, central nucleus of semicircular torus; Va, valvula cerebelli. rai et al, 1998;Shibahara et al, 1999;Alvarez and Sutcliffe, 2002;Ohkubo et al, 2002). Overall, the sequence of the ORX-A is less conserved than the ORX-B peptide sequences in vertebrates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The molecular structure of the ORX peptides is highly conserved among the vertebrates (Sakurai et al, 1998;Shibahara et al, 1999;Alvarez and Sutcliffe, 2002;Ohkubo et al, 2002). On the basis of a few studies in non-mammalian vertebrates, the general organization of the ORX system of the brain seems to be conserved among vertebrates (Shibahara et al, 1999;Galas et al, 2001;Ohkubo et al, 2002). The zebrafish has become known as an excellent model organism for studies of vertebrate biology and particularly in studies of vertebrate genetics and embryonal development (Balter, 1995;Haffter et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Orexin/Hypocretin System in Zebrafish Is Connected to the Aminergic and Cholinergic Systems

Kaslin¹,

Nystedt²,

Östergård³

et al. 2004

J. Neurosci.

246

242

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The orexin/hypocretin (ORX) system is involved in physiological processes such as feeding, energy metabolism, and the control of sleep and wakefulness. The ORX system may drive the aminergic and cholinergic activities that control sleep and wakefulness states because of the ORX fiber projections to the aminergic and cholinergic cell clusters. The biological mechanisms and relevance of the interactions between these neurotransmitter systems are poorly understood. We studied these systems in zebrafish, a model organism in which it is possible to simultaneously study these systems and their interactions.We cloned a zebrafish prepro-ORX gene that encodes for the two functional neuropeptides orexin-A (ORX-A) and orexin-B (ORX-B). The prepro-ORX gene of the zebrafish consisted of one exon in contrast to mammals. The sequence of the ORX-A peptide of the zebrafish was less conserved than the ORX-B peptide compared with other vertebrates. By using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, we found that the organization of the ORX system of zebrafish was similar to the ORX system in mammals, including a hypothalamic cell cluster and widespread fiber projections. The ORX system of the zebrafish showed a unique characteristic with an additional putatively ORX-containing cell group. The ORX system innervated several aminergic nuclei, raphe, locus ceruleus, the mesopontine-like area, dopaminergic clusters, and histaminergic neurons. A reciprocal relationship was found between the ORX system and several aminergic systems. Our results suggest that the architecture of these neurotransmitter systems is conserved in vertebrates and that these neurotransmitter systems in zebrafish may be involved in regulation of states of wakefulness and energy homeostasis by similar mechanisms as those in mammals.

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Orexins and receptor OX2R in the gastroenteric apparatus of two teleostean species: Dicentrarchus labrax and Carassius auratus

D’Angelo

Castaldo

Girolamo

et al. 2016

The Anatomical Record

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Orexin A and B peptides and the receptor OX2R were studied in sea bass and goldfish gastroenteric tract by immunoblotting combined with densitometric analysis using NIH Image J software and immunohistochemical techniques. These teleost species present a different gut organization and diverse feeding habits. Immunoblotting experiments showed one band of 16 kDa corresponding to prepro-orexin, and one band of 38 kDa corresponding to the OX2R receptor. Immunohistochemical localization of OXA and OXB was observed in the enteric nervous system throughout the gastroenteric tract of both species. OXA and OXB immunoreactive cells were found in the gastric and intestinal regions of sea bass, and were mainly found in the basal region of folds in intestinal bulb, and in the midgut and hindgut of goldfish. The distribution of OX2R was mainly detected in the mucosa of the gastroenteric tract of sea bass and goldfish. This distribution suggests an endocrine action of OXA and OXB in the gastrointestinal tract as well as involvement in the peripheral control of food intake and digestive processes in both species. This study might also serve to determine the productive factors in breeding and as a baseline for future experimental studies on the regulation of the gastroenteric functions in non-mammalian vertebrates.

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Molecular cloning of chicken prepro-orexin cDNA and preferential expression in the chicken hypothalamus

Cited by 62 publications

References 17 publications

cDNA cloning of chicken orexin receptor and tIssue distribution: sexually dimorphic expression in chicken gonads

cDNA cloning of chicken orexin receptor and tIssue distribution: sexually dimorphic expression in chicken gonads

The Orexin/Hypocretin System in Zebrafish Is Connected to the Aminergic and Cholinergic Systems

Orexins and receptor OX2R in the gastroenteric apparatus of two teleostean species: Dicentrarchus labrax and Carassius auratus

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