Molecular Cloning of a New Interferon-induced Factor That Represses Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Long Terminal Repeat Expression

Tissot, Catherine; Mechti, Nadir

doi:10.1074/jbc.270.25.14891

Cited by 187 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…TRIM22 has been shown to interfere with HIV-1 infection by either LTR promoter repression (Tissot & Mechti, 1995), inhibition of viral replication (Bouazzaoui et al, 2006) or reduction of particle production (Barr et al, 2008). Interestingly, the C-terminal SPRY domain of TRIM proteins is proposed to be involved in protein-protein interactions and RNA binding (Hilton et al, 1998;Ponting et al, 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, some TRIM proteins contain a C-terminal SPRY domain proposed to be involved in protein-protein interactions and RNA binding (Hilton et al, 1998;Ponting et al, 1997). TRIM22 (also known as Staf50) was first identified to be an IFN-induced human protein that represses transcription directed by the long terminal repeat (LTR) promoter region of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) (Tissot & Mechti, 1995). Recently, TRIM22 has been reported to be a natural antiviral effector of both HIV-1 replication and particle production (Barr et al, 2008;Bouazzaoui et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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TRIM22 E3 ubiquitin ligase activity is required to mediate antiviral activity against encephalomyocarditis virus

Eldin

Papon

Oteiza

et al. 2009

Journal of General Virology

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108

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The interferon (IFN) system is a major effector of the innate immunity that allows time for the subsequent establishment of an adaptive immune response against a wide-range of pathogens. Their diverse biological actions are thought to be mediated by the products of specific but usually overlapping sets of cellular genes induced in the target cells. Ubiquitin ligase members of the tripartite motif (TRIM) protein family have emerged as IFN-induced proteins involved in both innate and adaptive immunity. In this report, we provide evidence that TRIM22 is a functional E3 ubiquitin ligase that is also ubiquitinated itself. We demonstrate that TRIM22 expression leads to a viral protection of HeLa cells against encephalomyocarditis virus infections. This effect is dependent upon its E3 ubiquitinating activity, since no antiviral effect was observed in cells expressing a TRIM22-deletion mutant defective in ubiquitinating activity. Consistent with this, TRIM22 interacts with the viral 3C protease (3C PRO ) and mediates its ubiquitination. Altogether, our findings demonstrate that TRIM22 E3 ubiquitin ligase activity represents a new antiviral pathway induced by IFN against picornaviruses. INTRODUCTIONPicornaviruses include important human pathogens such as rhinovirus, poliovirus and hepatitis A virus, as well as significant insect, plant and agricultural pathogens, such as foot-and-mouth disease virus (Whitton et al., 2005). Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) is the prototype of the cardiovirus subgroup of picornaviruses. Its genome consists of a single-strand of messenger-sense RNA. Viral proteins are expressed from a large open reading frame encoding a giant precursor polyprotein (approx. 255 kDa), which is processed through a series of proteolytic cleavages to produce both capsid and non-structural proteins (Palmenberg, 1990). The majority of the processing reactions are carried out by the 3C protease (3C PRO ), which acts both inter-and intramolecularly to produce polyprotein precursors as well as the mature 3C PRO polypeptide (Palmenberg et al., 1979). Cleavage of the polyprotein normally occurs between glutamine-glycine or glutamine-serine amino acid pairs, which are usually flanked by proline residues (Palmenberg et al., 1984). Besides its commitment to the processing of the viral polyprotein, picornaviral 3C PRO can also facilitate virus replication by altering fundamental cellular processes such as transcription and translation of host cell mRNA (Barral et al., 2007;Ehrenfeld, 1982;Kuyumcu-Martinez et al., 2004; Neznanov et al., 2005;Shen et al., 1996;Yalamanchili et al., 1996Yalamanchili et al., , 1997. Because the regulated proteolysis mediated by 3C PRO is a critical feature in both the processing of picornaviral polyprotein and the inhibition of cellular defences, 3C PRO constitutes an important target for host antiviral innate pathways. Consistent with this, the degradation of EMCV 3C PRO by the ubiquitin/26S proteasome system has been reported (Losick et al., 2003;Schlax et al., 2007). Although the precise ro...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TRIM22 E3 ubiquitin ligase activity is required to mediate antiviral activity against encephalomyocarditis virus

Eldin

Papon

Oteiza

et al. 2009

Journal of General Virology

Self Cite

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…IFN- and - have long been known to inhibit HIV-1 replication by suppressing reverse transcription and preventing transcription of the integrated provirus Kornbluth et al, 1989;Tissot and Mechti, 1995). IL-10 and TNF- have been shown to have different effects on HIV replication in macrophages depending on the experimental conditions.…”

Section: Macrophage Antiviral Factor "Maf"mentioning

confidence: 99%

Macrophages and HIV-1: dangerous liaisons

Verani¹,

Gras

Pancino

2005

Molecular Immunology

101

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“…Staf50 is an interferon-inducible gene in the lymphoblastoid Daudi cell line (Tissot and Mechti, 1995). U-937-4 control cells were incubated with 5000 U/ml interferon-a at 371C.…”

Section: Staf50 Expression Is Induced By Interferon-amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using cDNA microarray as a screening for candidate genes, we identified the gene coding for Staf50 (stimulated transacting factor of 50 kDa) as a p53-responsive gene. The Staf50 gene, located on chromosome 11p15, encodes a member of the ring-finger family of proteins involved in gene regulation, ubiquitination, DNA recombination and DNA repair (Tissot and Mechti, 1995;Tissot et al, 1996;Joazeiro and Weissmann, 2000;Reymond et al, 2001). The expression of Staf50 is induced by interferons a/b and g in some tissues (Tissot and Mechti, 1995), while strongly repressed during T-cell activation (Gongora et al, 2000), suggesting antiproliferative effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Staf50 is a novel p53 target gene conferring reduced clonogenic growth of leukemic U-937 cells

et al. 2004

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The tumor suppressor gene p53 is a transcription factor that mediates both cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Interestingly, p53 also induces differentiation of a number of tissues, including leukemic cells. However, although p53-mediated differentiation of leukemic U-937 cells depends on the transcriptional activity of p53, a p53 target gene mediating differentiation has hitherto not been identified. To screen for novel p53 target genes in leukemic cells, a cDNA microarray analysis was performed with U-937-4/ptsp53 cells, expressing a temperature-sensitive p53 mutant. We report that transcription of the Staf50 (stimulated transacting factor of 50 kDa) gene is upregulated in response to wild-type p53 in U-937-4, K562 and MCF-7 cells. Staf50 was directly activated by p53, as determined by the independence of de novo protein synthesis. Moreover, while the proximal promoter of Staf50 was found not to be p53 responsive, a functional enhancer-like p53-response element in intron 1 of the Staf50 gene was identified that was also transactivated by the p53-family member p73. Direct binding of p53 to the response element was shown by electrophoretic mobility shift analysis. Ectopic expression of Staf50 in U-937 cells resulted in reduced clonogenic growth. Moreover, levels of endogenous Staf50 mRNA correlated to all-trans retinoic acid-induced differentiation of promyelocytic NB-4 and HL60 cells, suggesting that Staf50 could be involved in proliferation and/or differentiation of leukemic cells.

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Molecular Cloning of a New Interferon-induced Factor That Represses Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Long Terminal Repeat Expression

Cited by 187 publications

References 55 publications

TRIM22 E3 ubiquitin ligase activity is required to mediate antiviral activity against encephalomyocarditis virus

TRIM22 E3 ubiquitin ligase activity is required to mediate antiviral activity against encephalomyocarditis virus

Macrophages and HIV-1: dangerous liaisons

Staf50 is a novel p53 target gene conferring reduced clonogenic growth of leukemic U-937 cells

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