Abstract:MADS-box genes encode a family of transcription factors that control a diverse range of processes in flowering plants. In this study, 13 unique MADS genes were cloned from Betula platyphylla Suk., and 2-year-old Betula seedlings propagated in glasshouses were selected as plant materials. The expression profile of each BpMADS was investigated during the growth season and following gibberellin (GA) treatments by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The relative abundance of the… Show more
“…Betula platyphylla Sukaczev. is light-loving and adaptable [50,51] but is more commonly found in moist soil conditions and is a pioneer species in secondary forests. Differences in the adaptation of above-ground vegetation to the environment in the two forest types led to variations in soil nutrient content, which, in turn, led to different OTUs of soil Acidobacteria specific to the different forest types.…”
Section: Effects Of Forests On Soil Acidobacterial Diversity and Comp...mentioning
To gain an in-depth understanding of the diversity and composition of soil Acidobacteria in five different forest types in typical temperate forest ecosystems and to explore their relationship with soil nutrients. The diversity of soil Acidobacteria was determined by high-throughput sequencing technology. Soil Acidobacteria’s alpha-diversity index and soil nutrient content differed significantly among different forest types. β-diversity and the composition of soil Acidobacteria also varied across forest types. Acidobacterial genera, such as Acidobacteria_Gp1, Acidobacteria_Gp4, and Acidobacteria_Gp17, play key roles in different forests. The RDA analyses pointed out that the soil pH, available nitrogen (AN), carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio, available phosphorus (AP), total carbon (TC), and total phosphorus (TP) were significant factors affecting soil Acidobacteria in different forest types. In this study, the diversity and composition of soil Acidobacteria under different forest types in a temperate forest ecosystem were analyzed, revealing the complex relationship between them and soil physicochemical properties. These findings not only enhance our understanding of soil microbial ecology but also provide important guidance for ecological conservation and restoration strategies for temperate forest ecosystems.
“…Betula platyphylla Sukaczev. is light-loving and adaptable [50,51] but is more commonly found in moist soil conditions and is a pioneer species in secondary forests. Differences in the adaptation of above-ground vegetation to the environment in the two forest types led to variations in soil nutrient content, which, in turn, led to different OTUs of soil Acidobacteria specific to the different forest types.…”
Section: Effects Of Forests On Soil Acidobacterial Diversity and Comp...mentioning
To gain an in-depth understanding of the diversity and composition of soil Acidobacteria in five different forest types in typical temperate forest ecosystems and to explore their relationship with soil nutrients. The diversity of soil Acidobacteria was determined by high-throughput sequencing technology. Soil Acidobacteria’s alpha-diversity index and soil nutrient content differed significantly among different forest types. β-diversity and the composition of soil Acidobacteria also varied across forest types. Acidobacterial genera, such as Acidobacteria_Gp1, Acidobacteria_Gp4, and Acidobacteria_Gp17, play key roles in different forests. The RDA analyses pointed out that the soil pH, available nitrogen (AN), carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio, available phosphorus (AP), total carbon (TC), and total phosphorus (TP) were significant factors affecting soil Acidobacteria in different forest types. In this study, the diversity and composition of soil Acidobacteria under different forest types in a temperate forest ecosystem were analyzed, revealing the complex relationship between them and soil physicochemical properties. These findings not only enhance our understanding of soil microbial ecology but also provide important guidance for ecological conservation and restoration strategies for temperate forest ecosystems.
“…hull). Conserved B and C genes specify petals/lodicules and stamens (Ambrose et al, 2000;Nagasawa et al, 2003;Whipple et al, 2004;Thompson et al, 2009;Li et al, 2012a;Sang et al, 2012;Wu et al, 2012). However, the developmental mechanisms that produce the lemma and palea remain unclear (Schmidt and Ambrose, 1998;Irish, 2000;Ferrario et al, 2004;Ohmori et al, 2009;Sang et al, 2012).…”
Summary
The palea and lemma (hull) are grass‐specific organs, and determine grain size and quality. In the study, AH2 encodes a MYB domain protein, and functions in the development of hull and grain. Mutation of AH2 produces smaller grains and alters grain quality including decreased amylose content and gel consistency, and increased protein content. Meantime, part of the hull lost the outer silicified cells, and induces a transformation of the outer rough epidermis to inner smooth epidermis cells, and the body of the palea was reduced in the ah2 mutant. We confirmed the function of AH2 by complementation, CRISPR‐Cas9, and cytological and molecular tests. Additionally, AH2, as a repressor, repress transcription of the downstream genes. Our results revealed that AH2 plays an important role in the determination of hull epidermis development, palea identity, and grain size.
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