“…The first member to be discovered, 4.1R, was shown to be essential for maintaining normal cell shape by connecting plasma membrane proteins to the spectrin-actin cytoskeleton in erythrocytes (Tyler et al, 1979;Ungewickell et al, 1979). To date, four additional 4.1 family members have been described: 4.1G [general Walensky et al, 1998)], 4.1N [neural (Walensky et al, 1999)], 4.1B [brain (Parra et al, 2000)] and 4.1O [ovary (Ni et al, 2003)]. All members of the 4.1 family share the membrane-binding (FERM) domain, the spectrin-actinbinding (SAB) domain, the C-terminal domain (CTD), and nonconserved regions at the N-terminus (U1) and between domains (U2, U3).…”