Molecular Characterization Revealed the Role of Thaumatin-Like Proteins of Bread Wheat in Stress Response

Abstract

Thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs) are related to pathogenesis-related-5 (PR-5) family and involved in stress response. Herein, a total of 93 TLP genes were identified in the genome of Triticum aestivum. Further, we identified 26, 27, 39, and 37 TLP genes in the Brachypodium distachyon, Oryza sativa, Sorghum bicolor, and Zea mays genomes for comparative characterization, respectively. They could be grouped into small and long TLPs with conserved thaumatin signature motif. Tightly clustered genes exhibited conserved gene and protein structure. The physicochemical analyses suggested significant differences between small and long TLPs. Evolutionary analyses suggested the role of duplication events and purifying selection in the expansion of the TLP gene family. Expression analyses revealed the possible roles of TLPs in plant development and abiotic and fungal stress response. Recombinant expression of TaTLP2-B in Saccharomyces cerevisiae provided significant tolerance against cold, heat, osmotic, and salt stresses. The results depicted the importance of TLPs in cereal crops that would be highly useful in future crop improvement programs.

Genome–Wide Identification of the GRAS Family Genes in Melilotus albus and Expression Analysis under Various Tissues and Abiotic Stresses

“…Meanwhile, compared to control samples, there were 46 (83.6%) MaGRAS genes differentially expressed in the roots and shoots under under ABA, drought and salt stress treatments, and these MaGRAS genes were evenly distributed in 8 subfamilies. In addition, the expression of TaTLP2-B and TaCRK68-A can significantly enhance the tolerance of yeast cells under abiotic stress conditions, and the yeast heterologous expression is an important method to verify the function of genes under abiotic stress conditions [59,60]. In this study, MaGRAS12 and MaGRAS34 can significantly enhanced the tolerance of yeast cells under drought treatment, while MaGRAS33 can significantly enhance the tolerance of yeast cells under salt treatment (Figure 8).…”

Molecular Characterization, Evolutionary Analysis, and Expression Profiling of BOR Genes in Important Cereals

“…Duplication events (DEs) were identified using the bidirectional BLAST hit approach with sequence similarity ≥80%. The differentiation of segmental and tandem DEs was carried out on the basis of distance [ 40 , 41 ].…”

Genome-wide analysis of the Thaumatin-like gene family in Qingke (Hordeum vulgare L. var. nudum) uncovers candidates involved in plant defense against biotic and abiotic stresses

“…Sequence information of TLPs in the Arabidopsis thaliana , Cucumis melo , Hordeum vulgare , Oryza sativa , and Brachypodium distachyon genomes were obtained from previous reports ( Iqbal et al, 2020 ; Liu et al, 2020 ; Zhang et al, 2021 ; Sharma et al, 2022 ). The phylogenic relationships among TLPs of the six species was inferred from a tree built in MEGA 11 9 using the maximum likelihood (ML) method ( Tamura et al, 2021 ).…”

“…In plants, TLPs have been detected in a wide variety of species, ranging from algae to angiosperms ( Shatters et al, 2006 ). Recent report of TLPs in wheat confirmed their involvement in development and defense, and recombinant expression of TaTLP2-B conferred enhanced tolerance to salt, cold, osmotic and heat stresses for Saccharomyces cerevisiae ( Sharma et al, 2022 ).…”

“…Small TLPs have a MW of 16–17 kDa, containing 10 cysteine residues forming five disulfide bridges. These intramolecular disulfide bonds stabilize the structure of TLPs, enabling them to endure unfavorable conditions (such as extreme pH levels and high temperatures) and resist protease degradation ( Sharma et al, 2022 ).…”