Molecular Characterization, Pathogenicity and Biological Characterization of Colletotrichum Species Associated with Anthracnose of Camellia yuhsienensis Hu in China

Abstract

Camellia yuhsienensis Hu, a species of tea oil tree with resistance to anthracnose, is widely used to breed disease-resistant Camellia varieties. In 2019, anthracnose symptoms were observed on Ca. yuhsienensis for the first time. However, the species and biological characteristics of Colletotrichum spp. isolated from Ca. yuhsienensis (YX-Colletotrichum spp.) have not been elucidated. In this study, five isolates (YX2-5-2, 2YX-3-1, 2YX-5-1, 2YX-8-1-1 and 2YX-8-1-2), which were consistent with the morphological characteristics of Colletotrichum spp., were obtained from Ca. yuhsienensis. A phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that YX2-5-2, 2YX-3-1 and 2YX-8-1-2 belonged to first clade along with Colletotrichum fructicola. 2YX-8-1-1 belonged to the second clade along with Colletotrichum siamense. 2YX-5-1 belonged to the third clade with Colletotrichum camelliae. Pathogenicity tests revealed that the pathogenicity of YX-Colletotrichum spp. was stronger than that of Colletotrichum spp. isolated from Camellia oleifera (GD-Colletotrichum spp.). Biological characteristics illustrated that the mycelial growth of YX-Co. camelliae (2YX-5-1) was slower than that of GD-Co. camelliae when the temperature exceeded 20 °C. In addition, in the presence of ions, the mycelial growth of YX-Co. fructicola (YX2-5-2) and YX-Co. siamense (2YX-8-1-1) was also slower than that of GD-Co. fructicola and GD-Co. siamense. Furthermore, the ability of YX-Colletotrichum spp. to utilize lactose and mannitol was weaker than that of GD-Colletotrichum spp., while the ability to utilize NH4+ was generally stronger than that of GD-Colletotrichum spp. This is the first report of anthracnose of Ca. yuhsienensis induced by Co. fructicola, Co. siamense and Co. camelliae in China. These results will provide theoretical guidance for the study of the pathogenesis and control of anthracnose on Ca. yuhsienensis.

Identification and Characterization of Colletotrichum Species Causing Tea-Oil Camellia (Camellia oleifera C.Abel) Anthracnose in Hainan, China

“…A previous report showed that C. fructicola is a non-host-specific pathogen infecting fruit, vegetables, and economic crops, including apple (Malus pumila) [37], sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) [38], blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) [53], and Camellia yuhsienensis [54]. C. fructicola was described as a common species existing on the leaves of tea-oil camellia [35].…”

First Report of Colletotrichum fructicola, C. rhizophorae sp. nov. and C. thailandica sp. nov. on Mangrove in Thailand

“…Colonies on WA with sterilized sticks, reaching 5 cm diam after 7 d at room temperature (±25 • C), under light 12 h/dark 12 h, colonies rhizoid to filamentous, dense, flat surface, with filiform margin, dark green from above and reverse, with producing pycnidia on sticks and immersed pycnidia under media. Hosts and Distribution: Actinidia chinensis, China [56], Japan [57]; Aesculus chinensis, China [58]; Amomum villosum, China [59]; Anacardium occidentale, Brazil [60,61]; Annona spp., Brazil [62,63]; Anthurium, Sri Lanka [64]; Arachis hypogaea, China [65]; Areca catechu, China [66,67]; Atractylodes ovata, Korea [68]; Aucuba japonica, China [69], Korea [70]; Averrhoa carambola, China [71]; Bletilla striata, China [72]; Brassica spp., China [73]; Camellia chrysantha, China [74]; Camellia grijsii, China [75,76]; Camellia oleifera, China [77]; Camellia sinensis, China [67,[78][79][80][81][82][83], Indonesia [42,80]; Capsicum spp., China [84,85], Thailand [86]; Carica papaya, Mexico [87]; Carya spp., China [88][89][90][91]; Cattleya spp., Brazil [92]; Ceanothus thyrsiflorus, Italy…”

Unilateral cross-incompatibility between Camellia oleifera and C. yuhsienensis provides new insights for hybridization in Camellia spp

“…C. oleifera has large fruits with rich oil content but is sensitive to anthracnose ( Wang et al., 2017 ; Li et al., 2021 ; Quan et al., 2022 ). Camellia yuhsienensis Hu, a relative of C. oleifera in the genus Camellia , is characterized by high oil quality and strong resistance to anthracnose, a source of natural resistance for use in elite cultivars ( Chen et al., 2021 ; Li et al., 2021 ). Crossbreeding is a crucial part of the C. oleifera tree breeding program because of its self-incompatibility ( Liao et al., 2014 ; Goulet et al., 2017 ; Lenzi et al., 2021 ).…”