“…Due to its destructive effect on the immune system, HIV infection further exposes the individual to multiple opportunistic infections. From the beginning of the HIV pandemics in the 1980s, gastrointestinal diseases have been demonstrated to be a major problem in patients with HIV and AIDS, and diarrhea is reported in up to 60% of patients with AIDS in developed countries and up to 90% in developing countries (Siddiqui et al, 2007;Silva et al, 2010). Recent studies by Bradshaw et al, (2005) have indicated that HIV/AIDS is the leading cause of premature mortality for all provinces in South Africa and mortality due to pretransitional causes, such as diarrhea, is more pronounced in the poorer and more rural provinces.…”