Molecular characterization of two novel atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) strains from piglets with congenital tremor in China

Pan, Shuonan; Yan, Ye; Shi, Kaichuang; Wang, Minmin; Mou, Chunxiao; Chen, Zhenhai

doi:10.1111/tbed.13029

Cited by 23 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The following year, an experiential inoculation of APPV demonstrated CT in piglets (Arruda et al., ). Subsequently, APPV has been identified in porcine CT cases from Austria, Brazil, Canada, China, Germany, Hungary, the Netherlands, Spain and Sweden (Arruda et al., ; de Groof et al., ; Dénes et al., ; Dessureault, Choinière, Provost, & Gagnon, ; Gatto et al., ; Muñoz‐González et al., ; Pan et al., ; Postel et al., ; Shen et al., ; Yuan et al., ; Zhang et al., , ). In China, two distant groups of APPV have been identified based on the coding sequences (CDS) of APPV strains (Shen et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semi‐quantitative duplex RT ‐ PCR reveals the low occurrence of Porcine Pegivirus and Atypical Porcine Pestivirus in diagnostic samples from the United States

Chen

Knutson

Braun

et al. 2019

Transbound Emerg Dis

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SummaryPorcine Pegivirus (PPgV) and Atypical Porcine Pestivirus (APPV) are two recently identified porcine viruses. In this study, the identification of two viruses by metagenomic sequencing, and a duplex semi‐quantitative RT‐PCR was developed to detect these pathogens simultaneously. The PPgV strain Minnesota‐1/2016 had a 95.5%–96.3% nucleotide identity and clustered with the recently identified US PPgV strains, which is a distant clade from the German PPgV strains. The APPV strain Minnesota‐1/2016 shared an 87.3%–92.0% nucleotide identity with the other global APPV strains identity but only shared an 82.8%–83.0% nucleotide identity with clade II consisting of strain identified in China. Detection of both PPgV and APPV was 9.0% of the diagnostic cases. Co‐infection of PPgV and APPV was identified in 7.5% of the diagnostic cases. The occurrence and genetic characterization of PPgV and APPV further enhance our knowledge regarding these new pathogens in the United States.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semi‐quantitative duplex RT ‐ PCR reveals the low occurrence of Porcine Pegivirus and Atypical Porcine Pestivirus in diagnostic samples from the United States

Chen

Knutson

Braun

et al. 2019

Transbound Emerg Dis

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“…Similarity analysis of APPV genomes indicated that there existed high variation regions in whole genomic sequences, which would be a big challenge for molecular diagnosis and epidemiological investigation of APPV. It was noteworthy that the similarity relationship of GX01-2018 strain was close to NL1 and AUT-2016_C strains from Europe, while GX04/2017 strain presented relative higher similarity to 000515 from North America [21], suggesting again that there existed high genetic diversity and variation of APPV strains from Guangxi province.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Many researchers have attempted to seek appropriate cell lines to culture and acquire higher titer of APPV for identification and characterization, but unfortunately, no one has been successful until now because this virus could not replicate in the selected cell lines or the viral titer was too low [1,5,6,7,26,29]. Therefore, all the APPV sequences obtained until now were directly amplified, cloned and sequenced from positive serum and tissue samples [1,5,7,18,19,21], and the complete genomic sequences of five APPV strains obtained in this study were determined in the same way. Finally, a total of six APPV strains available in GenBank until February 29, 2020, including five strains from this study and one strain from other researchers [18], were used to analyze the evolution and genetic diversity of APPV epidemic strains in Guangxi province, Southern China in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the existence of APPV in serum from apparently healthy adult pigs revealed that it might prevalent for a long time without any clinical manifestations [5,7]. In China, the first APPV infection in swine herds was reported in Guangdong province in 2016 [14], and subsequently, the genomic presences of APPV were detected in pigs from Guangxi, Guizhou, Jiangxi, Yunnan, Anhui and other provinces in China [18,19,20,21,22,23,24].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…APPV is a newly virus, but not a new virus. So far, many researchers focused on molecular epidemiological analysis of APPV epidemic strains and found that there existed high genetic variation among different strains [7,11,13,14,18,20,21,22], with up to 21% genetic distance among the viruses [30]. However, strains available for biological, origin, and evolution analyses are still scarce so far, and it is inadequate for studies on understanding APPV genetic diversity and evolutionary relationships.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution and genetic diversity of atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) from piglets with congenital tremor in Guangxi province, Southern China

Shi

Xie

Zhao

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) was identified and associated with congenital tremor (CT) type A-II in new born piglets and has been reported in many countries around the world since 2015. In China, the first APPV infection in swine herds was reported in Guangdong province in 2016.To investigate the genetic characteristics of APPV from Guangxi province seated in Southern China, the full-length sequences of APPV strains were amplified and analyzed.Results: Tissue samples from neonatal piglets with CT from Guangxi province were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). APPV positive samples were amplified, cloned and sequenced, and the complete genomic sequences of five APPV strains were obtained.Sequence analysis revealed that all six APPV strains from Guangxi province, including five strains from this study and one from other researchers, shared 83.3%-97.5% nucleotide identity of complete genome and 91.7%-99.1% amino acid identity of open reading frame (ORF) with one another, and shared 77.7%-97.7% nucleotide identity of complete genome and 90.6%-99.3% amino acid identity of ORF with other reference strains available in Genbank. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the APPV strains from Guangxi province belonged to four different subgroups in the phylogenetic tree based on the complete genomic sequences, and similar topology was observed in the phylogenetic trees based on N pro , E rns and E2 gene sequences, respectively. No sign of recombination was observed for strains from Guangxi province by using Recombination Detection Program 4 (RDP4) and Simplot analysis. Evolution analysis performed on the complete genome of 58 APPV strains available in Genbank showed that APPV strains from America, Europe and Asia during 2006-2019 evolved at a mean rate of 1.37×10 -4 substitutions/site/year, and the most recent common ancestor ( tMRCA ) of them was estimated as 1700.5 years ago.Conclusions: The findings of this study indicated that there existed a high degree of genetic diversity of APPV from Guangxi province, Southern China, which provided important information on the epidemiological features and evolutionary relationships of APPV.

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Evolution and genetic diversity of atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) from piglets with congenital tremor in Guangxi Province, Southern China

Shi

Xie

Sun

et al. 2020

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Molecular characterization of two novel atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) strains from piglets with congenital tremor in China

Cited by 23 publications

References 15 publications

Semi‐quantitative duplex RT ‐ PCR reveals the low occurrence of Porcine Pegivirus and Atypical Porcine Pestivirus in diagnostic samples from the United States

Semi‐quantitative duplex RT ‐ PCR reveals the low occurrence of Porcine Pegivirus and Atypical Porcine Pestivirus in diagnostic samples from the United States

Evolution and genetic diversity of atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) from piglets with congenital tremor in Guangxi province, Southern China

Evolution and genetic diversity of atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) from piglets with congenital tremor in Guangxi Province, Southern China

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