Molecular characterization of Trichuris spp. from captive animals based on mitochondrial markers

Filippo, Margherita Montalbano Di; Berrilli, Federica; Liberato, Claudio De; Giovanni, Vittoria Di; D’Amelio, Stefano; Friedrich, Klaus G.; Cavallero, Serena

doi:10.1016/j.parint.2019.102043

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Trichuris spp. found in the current study were identified as T. trichiura based on sequence and phylogenetic analyses, as were observed in wild Japanese macaques ( Macaca fuscata ) from Japan [ 6 ] and ring-tailed lemurs from Italy [ 8 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Molecular identification of Trichuris trichiura and Hymenolepis diminuta in long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) in Lopburi, Thailand

et al. 2021

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Background and Aim: Trichuris trichiura and Hymenolepis diminuta are helminthic intestinal parasites that infect humans and other animals, including non-human primates. However, molecular detection of these parasites remains scarce in long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis), which coexist with human communities in Thailand. Thus, this study aimed to molecularly confirm the occurrence of Trichuris spp. and Hymenolepis spp. infection and determine the species of both parasites that were found in long-tailed macaques. Materials and Methods: A total of 200 fecal samples were randomly collected from long-tailed macaques living in Lopburi, Thailand, and tested based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays for Trichuris spp. and Hymenolepis spp. infections. The PCR products were submitted for DNA purification and sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using the maximum likelihood method. Results: Of 200 tested samples, three (1.5%) were positive for Trichuris spp. Sequence analysis of all positive samples revealed the presence of T. trichiura, while eight samples (8/200, 4%) positive for Hymenolepis spp. were classified as H. diminuta. No significant associations were found between parasite infection and sex of macaques. Conclusion: This study revealed that long-tailed macaques harbor T. trichiura and H. diminuta. These results suggested that local residents and tourists must pay attention to limiting contact with long-tailed macaques and take hygienic precautions to reduce the risk of zoonotic and anthroponotic transmission of these parasites between humans and long-tailed macaques.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Molecular identification of Trichuris trichiura and Hymenolepis diminuta in long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) in Lopburi, Thailand

et al. 2021

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“…from the same host species living in the premises in 2015–19. Specimens belonging to Mfa and Mfb were differentiated by more than fifty single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) at the cox 1 analysis [ 13 ]. Based on mitochondrial markers, the level of intraspecific variation indicates the presence of a uniform population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The distribution of premises should be accounted for a proper evaluation of transmission patterns of pathogens. In fact, the possibility of events of cross infection between premises and primates were already reported in the Bioparco between Lemur catta and Macaca fuscata [ 13 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These infections can be very persistent, due to the high environmental resistance of eggs and to the long life span of adults, therefore requiring specific treatment strategies and big economic efforts for their eradication from a colony of captive NHPs [ 12 ]. Additionally, the more recent animal welfare management approaches used in confined locations, as the setting of multiple species environments and of conditions resembling natural environments, may favor the spread and persistence of nematodes and the transmission within and among species [ 13 ]. Beside the threat for vulnerable or critically endangered animals hosted in zoological gardens, the occurrence of zoonotic parasites suggests the need for appropriate and sensitive techniques to control them and highlight the related health risks for handlers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nuclear and Mitochondrial Data on Trichuris from Macaca fuscata Support Evidence of Host Specificity

Cavallero

Filippo

Rondón

et al. 2020

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Whipworms are parasitic intestinal nematodes infecting mammals, and traditionally humans and other primates that have so far been considered infected by Trichuris trichiura. Recent molecular studies report a more complex scenario suggesting the presence of a species complex with several Trichuris taxa specifically infecting only one primate species as well as taxa able to infect a range of primate species. The systematics of the group is important for taxonomic inference, to estimate the relative zoonotic potential, and for conservation purposes. In fact, captive animals living in zoological gardens are usually infected by persistent monoxenous intestinal parasites. Here, two Japanese macaques living in the Bioparco Zoological Garden of Rome were found infected by Trichuris sp. Nematodes were characterized at the molecular level using nuclear (btub and 18S) and mitochondrial (16S and cytb) markers and then compared to Trichuris collected previously in the same location, and to other Trichuris infecting primates. Evidences from mitochondrial and nuclear markers allowed for the identification of Trichuris sp. specific to Macaca fuscata. Results obtained here also described a uniform taxonomic unit of Trichuris, separated but closely related to Trichuris trichiura, thus, emphasizing its zoonotic potential for workers and visitors.

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“…Among them, trichurids (Trichuridae Railliet, 1915) are an important group of pathogens which cause trichuroses. Th e pathogens have a wide variety of hosts, are species-specifi c and diverse (Nechybová et al, 2018;Yevstafi eva et al, 2018Yevstafi eva et al, , 2019Yamamoto & Kalepouris, 2020;Montalbano Di Filippo et al, 2019). Scientifi c interest in parasitic nematodes of the genus Trichuris Röderer, 1761 is confi rmed by the discovery and description of new species, which is possible by studying the peculiarities of their morphological structure, metric parameters, and genetic research (Robles et al, 2014;Hasegawa & Dewi, 2017;Eberhardt et al, 2019;Falcón-Ordaz et al, 2020;Zhou et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological Characteristics of Parasitic Nematodes Trichuris sylvilagi (Nematoda, Trichuridae)

et al. 2022

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Morphometric parameters are analyzed and systematized of parasitic nematodes of the species Trichuris sylvilagi Tiner, 1950, obtained from Lepus europaeus (Pallas, 1778). The following parameters are suggested for the exact identification of female T. sylvilagi nematodes: the sizes of body, its anterior and posterior parts, width of body at the connection of esophagus and intestine, specific location of vesicular cuticular protrusions and vulva. Five metric parameters are established for the nematode eggs. The egg shell thickness, length and width of egg plug are suggested for use in addition to the length and width of eggs. Males of T. sylvilagi had strongly curved tail end, long spicule, and transparent spicule sheath which bears spines, and a bulbous inflation in its proximal part. The thirteen metric parameters, which we found to be of identification value for males, include sizes of body, length and width of its anterior and posterior parts, width of body at the connection of esophagus and intestine, sizes of spicule at various areas, and location of the vesicular cuticular protrusions. Obtained data on the metric studies of T. sylvilagi nematodes are compared with the published data.

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Molecular characterization of Trichuris spp. from captive animals based on mitochondrial markers

Cited by 13 publications

References 28 publications

Molecular identification of Trichuris trichiura and Hymenolepis diminuta in long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) in Lopburi, Thailand

Molecular identification of Trichuris trichiura and Hymenolepis diminuta in long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) in Lopburi, Thailand

Nuclear and Mitochondrial Data on Trichuris from Macaca fuscata Support Evidence of Host Specificity

Morphological Characteristics of Parasitic Nematodes Trichuris sylvilagi (Nematoda, Trichuridae)

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