Molecular characterization of the flowering time gene FRIGIDA in Brassica genomes A and C

Fadina, O. A.; Pankin, Artem; Хавкин, Э. Е.

doi:10.1134/s1021443713020076

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Flowering-time genes have been studied widely in numerous crops, and several genes involved in flowering time, such as FLC , CO , FT , and FRI , have been identified in Brassica crops [ 26 , 28 , 29 , 38 , 39 ]. In this study, a total of 1064, 510, and 524 flowering-time genes were identified from B. napus , B. rapa , and B. oleracea , respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide Identification of Flowering-Time Genes in Brassica Species and Reveals a Correlation between Selective Pressure and Expression Patterns of Vernalization-Pathway Genes in Brassica napus

Fan

et al. 2018

IJMS

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Flowering time is a key agronomic trait, directly influencing crop yield and quality. Many flowering-time genes have been identified and characterized in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana; however, these genes remain uncharacterized in many agronomically important Brassica crops. In this study, we identified 1064, 510, and 524 putative orthologs of A. thaliana flowering-time genes from Brassica napus, Brassica rapa, and Brassica oleracea, respectively, and found that genes involved in the aging and ambient temperature pathways were fewer than those in other flowering pathways. Flowering-time genes were distributed mostly on chromosome C03 in B. napus and B. oleracea, and on chromosome A09 in B. rapa. Calculation of non-synonymous (Ka)/synonymous substitution (Ks) ratios suggested that flowering-time genes in vernalization pathways experienced higher selection pressure than those in other pathways. Expression analysis showed that most vernalization-pathway genes were expressed in flowering organs. Approximately 40% of these genes were highly expressed in the anther, whereas flowering-time integrator genes were expressed in a highly organ-specific manner. Evolutionary selection pressures were negatively correlated with the breadth and expression levels of vernalization-pathway genes. These findings provide an integrated framework of flowering-time genes in these three Brassica crops and provide a foundation for deciphering the relationship between gene expression patterns and their evolutionary selection pressures in Brassica napus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide Identification of Flowering-Time Genes in Brassica Species and Reveals a Correlation between Selective Pressure and Expression Patterns of Vernalization-Pathway Genes in Brassica napus

Fan

et al. 2018

IJMS

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“…A loss‐of‐function mutation in one of these, BoFLC2 , is associated with earliness in annual cauliflower varieties (Ridge et al ., ), supporting an equivalent role of FLC in Brassica and Arabidopsis. Allelic diversity at AtFRI has also been associated with heading date variation in B. oleracea (Irwin et al ., ; Fadina et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Nucleotide polymorphism affecting FLC expression underpins heading date variation in horticultural brassicas

et al. 2016

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SummaryVariation in flowering time and response to overwintering has been exploited to breed brassica vegetables that can be harvested year‐round. Our knowledge of flowering time control now enables the investigation of the molecular basis of this important variation. Here, we show that a major determinant of heading date variation in Brassica oleracea is from variation in vernalization response through allelic variation at FLOWERING LOCUS C.C2 (BoFLC4). We characterize two alleles of BoFLC.C2 that are both functional and confer a requirement for vernalization, but they show distinct expression dynamics in response to cold. Complementation experiments in Arabidopsis thaliana revealed that the allelic variation results from cis polymorphism at BoFLC.C2, which quantitatively influences the degree of cold‐induced epigenetic silencing. This results in one allelic variant conferring consistently later heading under both glasshouse and field conditions through reduced environmental sensitivity. Our results suggest that breeding of brassica varieties for commercially valuable variation in heading date has been achieved through the selection of cis polymorphism at FLC, similar to that underpinning natural variation in A. thaliana. This understanding will allow for the selection of alleles with distinct sensitivities to cold and robust heading dates under variable climatic conditions, and will facilitate the breeding of varieties more resistant to climate change.

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“…Early flowering ensures oil production to some extent, in winter oilseed rape by avoiding high temperature stress during the mature period. Although a myriad of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with flowering time were detected in prevision studies, only a few flowering genes were identified in B. napus through sequence homology analysis, including FLOWERING LOCUS T ( FT ), CONSTANS ( CO ), FLOWERING LOCUS C ( FLC ), SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 ( SOC1 ) and FRIGIDA ( FRI ) 22 23 24 25 26 . The molecular basis that underlies the regulation of flowering time is poorly understood in B. napus .…”

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confidence: 99%

Genome-wide transcriptomic analysis uncovers the molecular basis underlying early flowering and apetalous characteristic in Brassica napus L

Wang

Chen

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Floral transition and petal onset, as two main aspects of flower development, are crucial to rapeseed evolutionary success and yield formation. Currently, very little is known regarding the genetic architecture that regulates flowering time and petal morphogenesis in Brassica napus. In the present study, a genome-wide transcriptomic analysis was performed with an absolutely apetalous and early flowering line, APL01, and a normally petalled line, PL01, using high-throughput RNA sequencing. In total, 13,205 differential expressed genes were detected, of which 6111 genes were significantly down-regulated, while 7094 genes were significantly up-regulated in the young inflorescences of APL01 compared with PL01. The expression levels of a vast number of genes involved in protein biosynthesis were altered in response to the early flowering and apetalous character. Based on the putative rapeseed flowering genes, an early flowering network, mainly comprised of vernalization and photoperiod pathways, was built. Additionally, 36 putative upstream genes possibly governing the apetalous character of line APL01 were identified, and six genes potentially regulating petal origination were obtained by combining with three petal-related quantitative trait loci. These findings will facilitate understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying floral transition and petal initiation in B. napus.

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Molecular characterization of the flowering time gene FRIGIDA in Brassica genomes A and C

Cited by 12 publications

References 40 publications

Genome-Wide Identification of Flowering-Time Genes in Brassica Species and Reveals a Correlation between Selective Pressure and Expression Patterns of Vernalization-Pathway Genes in Brassica napus

Genome-Wide Identification of Flowering-Time Genes in Brassica Species and Reveals a Correlation between Selective Pressure and Expression Patterns of Vernalization-Pathway Genes in Brassica napus

Nucleotide polymorphism affecting FLC expression underpins heading date variation in horticultural brassicas

Genome-wide transcriptomic analysis uncovers the molecular basis underlying early flowering and apetalous characteristic in Brassica napus L

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