Molecular characterization of serogroup 19 Streptococcus pneumoniae in the Czech Republic in the post-vaccine era

Žemličková, Helena; Mališová, Lucia; Španělová, Petra; Jakubů, Vladislav; Kozáková, Jana; Musílek, Martin; Medvecký, Matej

doi:10.1099/jmm.0.000765

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 61 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…Five of the MDR isolates were analyzed by WGS (Table 3). Four of the isolates of serotype 19A were found to belong to ST320 (CC 320), which is a well-known penicillin resistant serotype 19A clone that has been observed all around the world and in particular after the PCV-7 introduction in USA [31, 32]. All four 19A isolates also showed an identical PBP profile of 13–11-16, which is related to a penicillin MIC of 4 according to Li et al [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Pneumococcal carriage among children under five in Accra, Ghana, five years after the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine

et al. 2019

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Background The study objective was to determine the carriage and serotype distribution of Streptococcus pneumoniae among children in Accra, Ghana, five years after the introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV-13) in 2012. Methods Nasopharyngeal swab samples were collected from 410 children below 5 years of age in Accra, Ghana, from September to December, 2016. Pneumococcal isolates were identified by optochin sensitivity and bile solubility. Serotyping was performed using the latex agglutination kit and Quellung reaction. The isolates were furthermore tested for antimicrobial susceptibility for different antimicrobials, including penicillin (PEN). Twelve isolates including seven non-typeable (NT) isolates were characterized using whole-genome sequencing analysis (WGS). Results The overall carriage prevalence was found to be 54% (95% CI, 49–59%), and 20% (95% CI, 49–59%) of the children were carrying PCV-13 included serotypes, while 37% (95% CI, 33–42%) of the children were carrying non-PCV-13 serotypes. Based on the serotype distribution, 33% of all observed serotypes were included in PCV-13 while 66% were non-PCV-13 serotypes. The dominating non-PCV-13 serotypes were 23B, 16F, and 11A followed by PCV-13 serotypes 23F and 19F. The PCV-13 covers the majority of resistant isolates in Accra. A proportion of 22.3% of the isolates showed intermediate resistance to penicillin G, while only one isolate showed full resistance. Forty-five isolates (20.5%) were defined as multidrug-resistant (MDR) as they were intermediate/resistant to three or more classes of antimicrobials. Of the seven NT isolates characterized by WGS, four showed highest match to genotype 38, while the remaining three showed highest match to genotype 14. Four MDR serotype 19A isolates were found to be MLST 320. Conclusion PCV-13 introduced in Ghana did not eliminate PCV-13 covered serotypes, and the carriage rate of 54% in this study is similar to carriage studies from pre PCV-13 period. However, the penicillin non-susceptible isolates have been reduced from 45% of carriage isolates before PCV-13 introduction to 22.3% of the isolates in this study. Continuous monitoring of serotype distribution is important, and in addition, an evaluation of an alternative vaccination schedule from 3 + 0 to 2 + 1 will be important to consider. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12887-019-1690-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Pneumococcal carriage among children under five in Accra, Ghana, five years after the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine

et al. 2019

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“…An increase of serotype 19A after introduction of PCV's (PCV10 and PCV13) in the Czech Republic was due to an expansion of ST416 which is a DLV of ST199. It was proposed that an emergence of this subclone was facilitated by the presence of pilus 1 (PI-1), as group founder ST199 was found to be PI-1 negative [22]. The ST416 was identified in other European countries (Italy, Portugal, Germany), but it's contribution to the increase of serotype 19A varies [5,7,8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis of penicillin and/or macrolide resistant isolates of serogroup 19 revealed CC199 represented by ST416 in 64% of the serotype 19A isolates, other minor CCs were CC230 (Denmark 14 -32 clone), and CC193 (Greece 21 -30 clone). Participation of 19A/ST416 in the serogroup 19 was 44% in 2014 and 68% in 2017 (the second were 19F/ ST1464 representing 25% of serogroup 19 in 2014 and 19A/ST320 12% in 2017 respectively) Isolates belonging to ST416 were penicillin susceptible, but erythromycin, clindamycin, and tetracycline resistant [22,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The overall prevalence of the 19A serotype increased from 2.7% in 2010 to 9.9% in 2015, with 19A being the second most frequent invasive serotype reported in the Czech Republic [ 21 ]. Sequencing identified ST416, a double-locus variant (DLV) of the Netherlands 15B -37 clone (CC199), as the dominant emerging genotype within serotype 19A [ 22 ]. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis of penicillin and/or macrolide resistant isolates of serogroup 19 revealed CC199 represented by ST416 in 64% of the serotype 19A isolates, other minor CCs were CC230 (Denmark 14 –32 clone), and CC193 (Greece 21 –30 clone).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Whole genome sequencing of macrolide resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 19A sequence type 416

et al. 2020

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Background: The resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae to macrolides is becoming an increasingly important issue and thus it is important to understand the genetics related to adaptation of this species to the widespread use of antibiotics in Europe. The 58 isolates of S. pneumoniae belonging to sequence type (ST) 416 and serotype 19A and to several different phenotypes originated from Italy, Portugal and Czech Republic were thus sequenced on Illumina MiSeq. The aim of the study was to describe genetical origine of isolates, investigate their macrolide resistance and suggest reasons for spread of ST416 in the Czech Republic. Results: Investigation of genes associated with serotype determined serotype switch between 15B and 19A serotypes and core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) confirmed the origine of concerned isolates in Netherlands 15B-37 clone. Inspected genomes proved variability of genes associated with the macrolide resistance even within closely genetically relative isolates.

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“…Our search identified 14 studies conducted in European countries [34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47] (Table 1).…”

Section: Europementioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating Clonal Complexes and Sequence Types of Streptococcus Pneumoniae Serotype 19a Worldwide: The Importance of Multidrug Resistance: A Systematic Literature Review

García

Guevara²,

Izurieta

et al. 2021

Expert Review of Vaccines

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Introduction: Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, especially amongst young children and the elderly. Childhood implementation of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) significantly reduced the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), while several non-vaccine serotypes remained substantial.Although there is evidence of the impact of higher-valent PCVs on serotype 19A, 19A IPD burden and antibiotic resistance remain a major concern post-vaccination. Areas covered:We performed a systematic literature review to analyze the frequency and clonal distribution of serotype 19A isolates in the pre-and post-PCV era worldwide providing a scientific background on the factors that influence multi-drug resistance in pneumococcal isolates.Expert opinion: Serotype 19A IPD incidence increased in all regions following the introduction of the 7-valent PCV. The higher-valent PCVs have reduced the rates of 19A IPD isolates, but several circulating strains with diverse antibiotic resistance prevailed.Heterogeneous clonal distribution in serotype 19A was observed within countries and regions, irrespective of higher-valent PCV used. Increase of 19A isolates from pre-to postvaccination periods was associated with frequently occurring serotype switching events and with the prevalence of multi-drug resistant strains. Rational antibiotic policies must be implemented to control the emergence of resistance.

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Molecular characterization of serogroup 19 Streptococcus pneumoniae in the Czech Republic in the post-vaccine era

Cited by 9 publications

References 61 publications

Pneumococcal carriage among children under five in Accra, Ghana, five years after the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine

Pneumococcal carriage among children under five in Accra, Ghana, five years after the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine

Whole genome sequencing of macrolide resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 19A sequence type 416

Circulating Clonal Complexes and Sequence Types of Streptococcus Pneumoniae Serotype 19a Worldwide: The Importance of Multidrug Resistance: A Systematic Literature Review

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