Molecular Characterization Of Pathogenic Salmonella Spp From Raw Beef In Karachi, Pakistan

Hussain, Muhammad; Wang, Wan; Sun, Changbao; Gu, Liya; Liu, Zhijing; Yu, Tong; Ahmad, Yasin; Jiang, Zhanmei; Hou, Juncai

doi:10.3390/antibiotics9020073

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…All contaminated Salmonella isolates belonged to serovar Enteritidis, of which group C was predominant. When compared with the prevalence of S. Enteritidis from raw foods in other countries, e.g., abattoirs in Iran and butcher shops and supermarkets in Pakistan where the prevalence rates were 43 and 37.5%, respectively, the bacterial prevalence in our study was less [37,38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence of Non-Typhoidal Salmonella from Retail Foods Marketed in Bangkok, Thailand

Kong-Ngoen

Santajit

Tunyong

et al. 2022

Foods

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Nontyphoidal-Salmonella bacteria cause foodborne gastroenteritis that may lead to fatal bacteremia, osteomyelitis, and meningitis if not treated properly. The emergence of multidrug-resistant Salmonella strains is a global public health threat. Regular monitoring of genotypes and phenotypes of Salmonella isolated from humans, animals, foods, and environments is mandatory for effective reduction and control of this food-borne pathogen. In this study, antimicrobial-resistant and virulent genotypes and phenotypes of Salmonella isolated from retail food samples in Bangkok, Thailand, were investigated. From 252 raw food samples, 58 Salmonella strains that belonged only to serotype Enteritidis were isolated. Disc diffusion method showed that all isolates were still sensitive to amikacin and carbapenems. More than 30% of the isolates were resistant to ampicillin, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin. Twenty isolates resist at least three antibiotic classes. Minimum inhibitory concentration tests showed that 12.07% of the isolates produced extended-spectrum β-Lactamase. Polymerase chain reaction indicated that 32.76, 81.03, 39.66, and 5.17% of the isolates carried blaTEM-1, tetA, sul2, and dfrA7, respectively. All isolates were positive for invasion-associated genes. Effective prevention and control of Salmonella (as well as other food-borne pathogens) is possible by increasing public awareness and applying food hygienic practices. Active and well harmonised “One Health” co-operation is required to effectively control food-borne zoonosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence of Non-Typhoidal Salmonella from Retail Foods Marketed in Bangkok, Thailand

Kong-Ngoen

Santajit

Tunyong

et al. 2022

Foods

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“…Salmonella was most often observed in food categories of meat origin. Meat can become contaminated with Salmonella throughout the entire production chain due to poor hygienic conditions and practices adopted by workers at various stages of processing ( Hussain et al, 2020 ). Comparing the results of the present work with the available data provided by the European food safety authority and the European Center for Disease Prevention and Control [ EFSA and ECDC (European Food Safety Authority and European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control), 2021 = 2.30%], the prevalence of meat-positive samples recorded here (13.41%) was higher than the European average.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and distribution of Salmonella serovars in carcasses and foods in southern Italy: Eleven-year monitoring (2011–2021)

Peruzy

Proroga²,

Capuano³

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Salmonella is one of the most common agents of foodborne illness. The genus Salmonella includes two species (Salmonella bongori and S. enterica) and six subspecies (enterica I, salamae II, arizonae IIIa, diarizonae IIIb, houtenae IV, and indica VI), each of which contains multiple serotypes associated with animal and human infections. The aim of the study was to evaluate the presence of Salmonella spp. in carcasses of food-producing animals and foods in southern Italy and the serovar distribution among different sources. From 2011 to 2021, a total of 12,246 foods and 982 samples from animal carcasses were collected and analyzed. The overall percentage of positive samples was 5.84% (N = 773) and a significant increase in prevalence was observed by comparing the years 2011–2015 (257, 3.27%) and 2016–2021 (516, 9.61%; p < 0.05). The highest percentage of positive food samples was observed in “Meat and Meat Products” (N = 327/2,438, 13.41%) followed by “Fish and fishery products” (N = 115/1,915, 6.01%). In carcasses, the highest percentage of positive samples was reported from broilers (N = 42/81, 51.85%) followed by buffalo (N = 50/101, 49.50%) and pork (N = 140/380, 36.84%). After typing, the isolates were assigned to the species S. enterica and to the subspecies: enterica (N = 760, 98.32%), diarizonae (N = 8, 1.03%), salamae (N = 3, 0.39%) and houtenae (N = 2, 0.26%). S. Infantis was the most frequently detected (N = 177, 24.76%), followed by S. Derby (N = 77, 10.77%), monophasic S. Typhimurium (N = 63, 8.81%), S. Typhimurium (N = 54, 7.55%), and S. Rissen (N = 47, 6.57%). By comparing the sampling period 2011–2015 with that of 2016–2021, an increase in the prevalence of S. Infantis and monophasic S. Typhimurium and a decrease of S. Typhimurium were recorded (p < 0.05). Thus, present data suggest that, despite the implementation of national and European control strategies to protect against Salmonella, the prevalence of this pathogen in southern Italy is still increasing and a change of national control programs to protect against Salmonella are necessary.

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“…isolates to penicillins, tetracyclines, and cephalosporins have been reported by other authors. Altaf Hussain et al [ 20 ] found that Salmonella isolates from retail raw beef in Karachi city, Pakistan were highly resistant to ampicillin (90.5%), amoxicillin (81.1%), and tetracycline (76%). Fortuna et al [ 69 ] found that the Salmonella spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pullorum) (2%) whereas bla SHV was the least detected β-lactamase gene in isolates of S. Enteritidis (2.6%), S. Typhimurium (5%) and S . Pullorum (2%) [ 20 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antibiotic resistance in the pathogenic foodborne bacteria isolated from raw kebab and hamburger: phenotypic and genotypic study

et al. 2021

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Background In recent years, interest in the consumption of ready-to-eat (RTE) food products has been increased in many countries. However, RTE products particularly those prepared by meat may be potential vehicles of antibiotic-resistance foodborne pathogens. Considering kebab and hamburger are the most popular RTE meat products in Iran, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of common foodborne pathogens (Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes) in raw kebab and hamburger samples collected from fast-food centers and restaurants. Therefore, total bacterial count (TBC), as well as the prevalence rates and antibiogram patterns of foodborne pathogens in the samples were investigated. Also, the presence of antibiotic-resistance genes (blaSHV, blaTEM,blaZ, and mecA) was studied in the isolates by PCR. Results The mean value of TBC in raw kebab and hamburger samples was 6.72 ± 0.68 log CFU/g and 6.64 ± 0.66 log CFU/g, respectively. E. coli had the highest prevalence rate among the investigated pathogenic bacteria in kebab (70%) and hamburger samples (48%). Salmonella spp., L. monocytogenes, and S. aureus were also recovered from 58, 50, and 36% of kebab samples, respectively. The contamination of hamburger samples was detected to S. aureus (22%), L. monocytogenes (22%), and Salmonella spp. (10%). In the antimicrobial susceptibility tests, all isolates exhibited high rates of antibiotic resistance, particularly against amoxicillin, penicillin, and cefalexin (79.66–100%). The blaTEM was the most common resistant gene in the isolates of E. coli (52.54%) and Salmonella spp. (44.11%). Fourteen isolates (23.72%) of E. coli and 10 isolates (29.41%) of Salmonella spp. were positive for blaSHV. Also, 16 isolates (55.17%) of S. aureus and 10 isolates (27.27%) of L. monocytogenes were positive for mecA gene. Conclusions The findings of this study showed that raw kebab and hamburger are potential carriers of antibiotic-resistance pathogenic bacteria, which can be a serious threat to public health.

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Molecular Characterization Of Pathogenic Salmonella Spp From Raw Beef In Karachi, Pakistan

Cited by 14 publications

References 54 publications

Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence of Non-Typhoidal Salmonella from Retail Foods Marketed in Bangkok, Thailand

Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence of Non-Typhoidal Salmonella from Retail Foods Marketed in Bangkok, Thailand

Occurrence and distribution of Salmonella serovars in carcasses and foods in southern Italy: Eleven-year monitoring (2011–2021)

Antibiotic resistance in the pathogenic foodborne bacteria isolated from raw kebab and hamburger: phenotypic and genotypic study

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