Molecular characterization of noroviruses detected in diarrheic stools of Michigan and Wisconsin dairy calves: circulation of two distinct subgroups

Wise, Annabel G.; Monroe, Stephan S.; Hanson, Lora E; Grooms, Daniel L.; Sockett, Donald C.; Maes, Roger K.

doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2003.11.014

Cited by 49 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…States (30,31,34,37,39), confirming the existence of the two distinct genotypes. Viruses within a genotype had 91 to 99% amino acid identity in their complete capsid proteins (17,30,31,34).…”

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confidence: 58%

“…4A). The 31 PT AGAQIAA 39 sequence was unique to the Jena norovirus. Newbury2 had two amino acid substitutions, Q363P and I373V, yet cross-reacted in the ELISA and Western blot assay, suggesting that amino acids P36 and V37 were not critical contact residues within the antibody-binding site.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), based on the polymerase gene, has been used as the predominant diagnostic method for bovine noroviruses (30,34,37,39). This led to their recognition and highlighted the need to determine the exact role of bovine noroviruses in the calf diarrhea syndrome.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…This led to their recognition and highlighted the need to determine the exact role of bovine noroviruses in the calf diarrhea syndrome. The capsid genes of genotype 1 viruses have been identified less commonly than the genotype 2 viruses (17,30,31,34,39). Of the 26 complete capsid genes currently available for bovine noroviruses from GenBank, only 5 were genotype 1, with the remaining 21 genotype 2.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Genotype 1 and Genotype 2 Bovine Noroviruses Are Antigenically Distinct but Share a Cross-Reactive Epitope with Human Noroviruses

et al. 2006

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The bovine enteric caliciviruses Bo/Jena/1980/DE and Bo/Newbury2/1976/UK represent two distinct genotypes within a new genogroup, genogroup III, in the genus Norovirus of the family Caliciviridae. In the present study, the antigenic relatedness of these two genotypes was determined for the first time to enable the development of tests to detect and differentiate between both genotypes. Two approaches were used. First, cross-reactivity was examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using recombinant virus-like particles (VLPs) and convalescent-phase sera from calves infected with either Jena (genotype 1) or Newbury2 (genotype 2). Second, cross-reactivity was examined between the two genotypes with a monoclonal antibody, CM39, derived using Jena VLPs. The two genotypes, Jena and Newbury2, were antigenically distinct with little or no cross-reactivity by ELISA to the heterologous VLPs using convalescent calf sera that had homologous immunoglobulin G titers of log 10 3.1 to 3.3. CM39 reacted with both Jena and heterologous Newbury2 VLPs. The CM39 epitope was mapped to nine amino acids ( ). Molecular modeling showed that the CM39 epitope was located within the NH 2 -terminal arm inside the virus capsid. Surprisingly, CM39 also reacted with VLPs from two genogroup II/3 human noroviruses by ELISA and Western blotting. Thus, although the bovine noroviruses Jena and Newbury2 corresponded to two distinct antigenic types or serotypes, they shared at least one cross-reactive epitope. These findings have relevance for epidemiological studies to determine the prevalence of bovine norovirus serotypes and to develop vaccines to bovine noroviruses.

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confidence: 58%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Genotype 1 and Genotype 2 Bovine Noroviruses Are Antigenically Distinct but Share a Cross-Reactive Epitope with Human Noroviruses

et al. 2006

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“…Noroviruses (NVs) have three major open reading frames (ORFs) that encode nonstructural, capsid, and minor structural proteins, respectively (8). They are one of the most common causes of gastroenteritis and have been detected in fecal samples from both humans (12,15,28) and animals (20,30,37). Human-associated NV outbreaks resulting from ingestion of contaminated water or food, such as oysters (4,5,18,23), and outbreaks in public places, particularly hospitals, schools, and cruise ships (9,11,22,36), pose an important public health problem.…”

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confidence: 99%

Genetic Analysis of Noroviruses in Chiba Prefecture, Japan, between 1999 and 2004

et al. 2005

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Noroviruses (NVs) are common pathogens that consist of genetically divergent viruses that induce gastroenteritis in humans and animals. Between September 1999 and June 2004, 1,898 samples obtained from patients showing sporadic or outbreak gastroenteritis in Chiba Prefecture, Japan, were tested for NVs by reverse transcription-PCR. NVs were detected in 603 samples. Approximately 80% were positive for genogroup GII, 13% were positive for genogroup GI, and the remaining 7% were positive for both genogroups. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the GI and GII genogroups could be further divided into 13 and 16 genotypes (including new genotypes), respectively. The GII-4 genotype, which included five small genetic clusters (subtypes), was the most common in this study and was detected in approximately 40% of positive samples. The P2 regions of 10 strains belonging to each of the five GII-4 subtypes showed 5 to 18% amino acid diversity. The amino acid substitutions accumulated in the protruding (P) region during the 5-year study period. Our data suggest that highly variable NV strains are circulating in Chiba Prefecture, with a high rate of genetic change observed during the 5-year study period.The genus Norovirus is a member of the family Caliciviridae. Caliciviruses contain a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome and include a further three genera, Vesivirus, Lagovirus, and Sapovirus (2,3,8). Noroviruses (NVs) have three major open reading frames (ORFs) that encode nonstructural, capsid, and minor structural proteins, respectively (8). They are one of the most common causes of gastroenteritis and have been detected in fecal samples from both humans (12,15,28) and animals (20,30,37). Human-associated NV outbreaks resulting from ingestion of contaminated water or food, such as oysters (4,5,18,23), and outbreaks in public places, particularly hospitals, schools, and cruise ships (9,11,22,36), pose an important public health problem.Reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) and sequencing of the partial viral genome are the most popular and useful procedures for obtaining epidemiological and genetic information on NVs. Human NVs can be divided into two genogroups, genogroups GI and GII, by genetic analysis of the RNA polymerase and capsid regions (1, 15), with several genotype classifications having been reported independently (1,16,33). Recently, based on the genotype classification of Katayama et al. (16), Kageyama et al. (15) reported on a detailed scheme for the genotyping of NVs based on distribution analysis by using the pairwise distance of the capsid N-terminal/shell domain. They classified the GI and GII genogroups into 14 and 17 genotypes, respectively.During the winter of 2002-2003, an increase in NV outbreaks was reported in Europe and the United States (6, 21). Moreover, worldwide, the GII-4 genotype (Bristol virus-like genotype) has been shown to be the predominant strain of NV associated with gastroenteritis (13,21,(34)(35)(36). Changes in the phylogenetic and genetic characteristics of GII-4 genotype strains...

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Complete genomic characterization and antigenic relatedness of genogroup III, genotype 2 bovine noroviruses

et al. 2006

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Bovine enteric noroviruses form a genogroup, III, distinct from the 2 human norovirus genogroups, I and II. Two genogroup III genotypes were suggested by partial genomic analyses. In the present study, analysis of the full-length genome sequence of Bo/Newbury2/76/UK and the more contemporary Newbury2-like virus, Bo/Dumfries/1994/UK, showed that both were 7311 nucleotides in length and had three open reading frames (ORFs), amino acids motifs typical of noroviruses, and 95% or greater amino acid identities to each other in all regions of their genome. Apart from the ORF1 NTPase region, their ORF1 regions had less than 90% identity to the genogroup III genotype 1 Bo/Jena/80/DE virus, confirming two genogroup III genotypes. A close antigenic relationship was demonstrated by ELISA between the genotype 2 viruses, which will allow their serological diagnosis.

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Molecular characterization of noroviruses detected in diarrheic stools of Michigan and Wisconsin dairy calves: circulation of two distinct subgroups

Cited by 49 publications

References 39 publications

Genotype 1 and Genotype 2 Bovine Noroviruses Are Antigenically Distinct but Share a Cross-Reactive Epitope with Human Noroviruses

Genotype 1 and Genotype 2 Bovine Noroviruses Are Antigenically Distinct but Share a Cross-Reactive Epitope with Human Noroviruses

Genetic Analysis of Noroviruses in Chiba Prefecture, Japan, between 1999 and 2004

Complete genomic characterization and antigenic relatedness of genogroup III, genotype 2 bovine noroviruses

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