Molecular Characterization of Non-B HIV Type 1 Subtypes from Africa in Spain

Ortiz, Marta; Muñoz, Lourdes Gaitán; Bernal, A.; Rodriguez, A.; Zorraquino, Alfredo; Vadillo, J.; Salas, Ana María Nápoles; Moreno, Andréa Micke; García-Sáiz, Alfredo

doi:10.1089/088922200750054693

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…This finding is in accordance with previous reports on subtypes in patients from Equatorial Guinea, [7][8][9][10] and is similar to subtype distribution in neighboring Cameroon. 12,18 Moreover, the subtype distribution has not changed significantly over time in both countries.…”

Section: Hiv-2 Infections Have Been Previously Reported Amongsupporting

confidence: 93%

HIV Type 1polGene Diversity and Genotypic Antiretroviral Drug Resistance Mutations in Malabo, Equatorial Guinea

Djoko

Wolfe

Vidal

et al. 2010

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses

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Section: Hiv-2 Infections Have Been Previously Reported Amongsupporting

confidence: 93%

HIV Type 1polGene Diversity and Genotypic Antiretroviral Drug Resistance Mutations in Malabo, Equatorial Guinea

Djoko

Wolfe

Vidal

et al. 2010

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses

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“…13 Recent data from Yaoundé also indicate that the CRF02_AG strain represents up to 50% of the total infection. 15 CRF02_AG prevalence has been increasing not only in West and West-Central Africa, 8,[13][14][15][19][20][21][22][23] but also in different countries of Europe, [24][25][26][27] such as Italy, [28][29][30][31][32] because of migrations from the sub-Saharan region. This viral variant is one of the most prevalent recombinant forms of HIV-1 in the world, responsible for at least 5% of infections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Epidemiology of HIV Type 1 CRF02_AG in Cameroon and African Patients Living in Italy

Véras

Santoro

Gray

et al. 2011

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses

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HIV-1 CRF02_AG accounts for > 50% of infected individuals in Cameroon. CRF02_AG prevalence has been increasing both in Africa and Europe, particularly in Italy because of migrations from the sub-Saharan region. This study investigated the molecular epidemiology of CRF02_AG in Cameroon by employing Bayesian phylodynamics and analyzed the relationship between HIV-1 CRF02_AG isolates circulating in Italy and those prevalent in Africa to understand the link between the two epidemics. Among 291 Cameroonian reverse transcriptase sequences analyzed, about 70% clustered within three distinct clades, two of which shared a most recent common ancestor, all related to sequences from Western Africa. The major Cameroonian clades emerged during the mid-1970s and slowly spread during the next 30 years. Little or no geographic structure was detected within these clades. One of the major driving forces of the epidemic was likely the high accessibility between locations in Southern Cameroon contributing to the mobility of the population. The remaining Cameroonian sequences and the new strains isolated from Italian patients were interspersed mainly within West and Central African sequences in the tree, indicating a continuous exchange of CRF02_AG viral strains between Cameroon and other African countries, as well as multiple independent introductions in the Italian population. The evaluation of the spread of CRF02_AG may provide significant insight about the future dynamics of the Italian and European epidemic.

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“…The importance of CRF02_AG in the global epidemic and in particular in West African countries is emerging, but no data about the estimation of CRF02_AG frequency in Ghana are available, although there is clear indication of the presence of CRF02_AG in that country [Cornelissen et al, 2000;Ortiz et al, 2000]. In an attempt to address this issue, we studied over a period of 4 years the molecular distribution of HIV-1 and HIV-2 in asymptomatic candidate blood donors and AIDS patients from Kumasi, Ghana.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular epidemiology of HIV in Ghana: Dominance of CRF02_AG

Fischetti

Opare-Sem

Candotti³

et al. 2004

Journal of Medical Virology

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Recent studies showed the importance of CRF02_AG in West Africa, although the clinical relevance of these recombinant forms of HIV remains unknown. The present study aimed at determining the molecular diversity of HIV in Ghana and investigating the possible epidemiologic advantage of recombinant HIV-1. Plasma samples collected in 1999-2002 from two populations of HIV infected individuals (144 asymptomatic candidate blood donors and 169 AIDS patients) were studied and 249 of them were molecularly characterised in gag, pol, and env regions. Five molecular groups were identified: strains clustering with CRF02_AG in all regions (147/249 or 59%), recombinant strains clustering with CRF02_AG in one or two regions (50/249 or 20%), other subtypes, pure or recombinant, but not involving CRF02_AG (37/249 or 15%), HIV-2 (11/249 or 4.5%), and double infections (4/249 or 1.5%). There was no significant difference in the distribution of HIV-1 recombinant strains according to clinical presentation. No evidence of a significant increase in CRF02_AG prevalence between 1999 and 2002 was found. Irrespective of clinical condition, CRF02_AG is the predominant molecular form of HIV-1 in Kumasi, Ghana.

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Molecular Characterization of Non-B HIV Type 1 Subtypes from Africa in Spain

Cited by 12 publications

References 8 publications

HIV Type 1polGene Diversity and Genotypic Antiretroviral Drug Resistance Mutations in Malabo, Equatorial Guinea

HIV Type 1polGene Diversity and Genotypic Antiretroviral Drug Resistance Mutations in Malabo, Equatorial Guinea

Molecular Epidemiology of HIV Type 1 CRF02_AG in Cameroon and African Patients Living in Italy

Molecular epidemiology of HIV in Ghana: Dominance of CRF02_AG

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