Molecular characterization of kisspeptin receptors and gene expression analysis during oogenesis in the Russian sturgeon (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii)

Sturgeon (<i>Acipenser gueldenstaedtii</i>) Acclimatization to Optimal Growth Conditions—A Case Study of Adaptation, Nutrition, Reproduction, and Sex Determination

“…and the study of genes encoding sex hormones (kisspeptin, GnRH, FSH, LH) have been described [9] [10] [12] [15] [22] [23] [24]. The hormones controlling growth are described in [14] and insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 (IGF-1R) is described in [23] [25].…”

“…Oogenesis in Russian sturgeon is regulated by the anterior pituitary in the BPG axis: the Kiss1 gene belongs to the RF-amide peptide family of kisspeptins, which act primarily in the hypothalamus [22] to stimulate GnRH neurons' folliclestimulating hormone (FSH) [9] [12] [15] [24] and luteinizing hormone (LH) [10] [15] [24], prolactin, growth hormone (GH) and IGF I [14] [24], adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), similar to other fish [24]. Based on research on the Russian sturgeon, a model for somatotropin and gonadotropin control is proposed here (Diagram 2).…”

“…Kiss1 and Kiss1r gene expression in the ovary has been shown in fish [50] [51]. Cloning and transcription of Kiss receptors during oogenesis have been documented [22] [24], and a model incorporating the kisspeptin hormone and oogenesis in Russian sturgeon has been developed (Diagram 2).…”

“…An open reading frame was found in the nucleotide sequence of the isolated stGPR54, LH, and FSH receptors' cDNA [24]. The 2190-bp stGPR54 gene encodes a projected 357-amino-acid peptide, as well as a 539-bp 5'UTR and 1.2-kb 3'UTR [22]. The neighbor-joining method was used to create a phylogenetic tree of vertebrate GPR54 prepropeptides (Figure 4), and the location of the Russian sturgeon in evolution was revealed (Figure 4); the amino acid sequence demonstrated that the GPR54 sequence of the Russian sturgeon is between mammal and fish.…”

“…The greatest amounts of GPR54 were found in the black follicle stage. This suggests these genes' importance in puberty and reproduction [22] [24].…”