Molecular characterization of hepatitis B virus in blood donors in Botswana

Choga, Wonderful T.; Anderson, Motswedi; Zumbika, Edward; Moyo, Sikhulile; Mbangiwa, Tshepiso; Phinius, Bonolo B.; Melamu, Pinkie; Kayembe, Mukendi; Kasvosve, Ishmael; Sebunya, Theresa K.; Blackard, Jason T.; Essex, Max; Musonda, Rosemary; Gaseitsiwe, Simani

doi:10.1007/s11262-018-1610-z

Cited by 24 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…Others have reported a 10-fold increased progression to HCC among HBV patients infected with genotype A compared to genotype D and that patients infected with genotype A strains were likely to progress to CHB compared to genotype D [8,80]. Most countries in SSA, including Botswana, have low prevalence of HBV genotype D3 among different risk groups than genotype A1 [25][26][27]81].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three sequence datasets were included in the current analysis. The first database (N 1 ) was used to map epitopes (epi) that bind predominantly to HLA class II alleles in Botswana and consisted of 92 non-recombinant full-length S gene (PreS/S) sequences [25,26,28] retrieved from GenBank (accession numbers MF979142-MF979176, KR139743-KR139748, and MH464807-MH464854). The aligned sequences were sorted by genotype and included A (n = 44) and D (n = 48).…”

Section: Mapping Peptides From Hbv Surface Gene Restricted To Hla-clamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sub-Sahara Africa (SSA) and the Western Pacific regions are highly endemic for CHB [24], where the circulating genotypes include A, D, and E for SSA, and B and C for the Western Pacific. HBV genotypes A (subgenotype A1) and D (subgenotype D3) have been reported in Botswana, with genotype E occurring rarely [25][26][27][28][29]. Not only do genotypes show unique geographic distribution, they also differ in treatment response, pathogenesis potential, and prognosis [30,31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In Silico Prediction of Human Leukocytes Antigen (HLA) Class II Binding Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Peptides in Botswana

Choga

Anderson

Zumbika

et al. 2020

Viruses

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the primary cause of liver-related malignancies worldwide, and there is no effective cure for chronic HBV infection (CHB) currently. Strong immunological responses induced by T cells are associated with HBV clearance during acute infection; however, the repertoire of epitopes (epi) presented by major histocompatibility complexes (MHCs) to elicit these responses in various African populations is not well understood. In silico approaches were used to map and investigate 15-mers HBV peptides restricted to 9 HLA class II alleles with high population coverage in Botswana. Sequences from 44 HBV genotype A and 48 genotype D surface genes (PreS/S) from Botswana were used. Of the 1819 epi bindings predicted, 20.2% were strong binders (SB), and none of the putative epi bind to all the 9 alleles suggesting that multi-epitope, genotype-based, population-based vaccines will be more effective against HBV infections as opposed to previously proposed broad potency epitope-vaccines which were assumed to work for all alleles. In total, there were 297 unique epi predicted from the 3 proteins and amongst, S regions had the highest number of epi (n = 186). Epitope-densities (Depi) between genotypes A and D were similar. A number of mutations that hindered HLA-peptide binding were observed. We also identified antigenic and genotype-specific peptides with characteristics that are well suited for the development of sensitive diagnostic kits. This study identified candidate peptides that can be used for developing multi-epitope vaccines and highly sensitive diagnostic kits against HBV infection in an African population. Our results suggest that viral variability may hinder HBV peptide-MHC binding, required to initiate a cascade of immunological responses against infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mapping Peptides From Hbv Surface Gene Restricted To Hla-clamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In Silico Prediction of Human Leukocytes Antigen (HLA) Class II Binding Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Peptides in Botswana

Choga

Anderson

Zumbika

et al. 2020

Viruses

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“…Sequences were aligned in Clustal X version 2.1. Additional phylogenetic inference was conducted using the Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) in the Bayesian Evolutionary Sampling Trees (BEAST) version 1.7.5 as described previously [8, 14]. Posterior probabilities > 80% were deemed statistically significant.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Africa, a range in prevalence from 1.7 to 14.7% has been reported [2–5]. In Botswana, preliminary studies reported a low HCV seroprevalence of below 1% [6–8] although Botswana is endemic for both human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) with the prevalence of HIV/HBV co-infection ranging from 4 to 10.6% [6, 7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of hepatitis C virus in liver disease patients in Botswana: a retrospective cross-sectional study

et al. 2019

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BackgroundHepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major cause of chronic liver disease globally. Direct acting antivirals (DAAs) have proven effective in curing HCV. However, the current standard of care (SOC) in Botswana remains PEGylated interferon-α (IFN-α) with ribavirin. Several mutations have been reported to confer resistance to interferon-based treatments. Therefore, there is a need to determine HCV genotypes in Botswana, as these data will guide new treatment guidelines and understanding of HCV epidemiology in Botswana.MethodsThis was a retrospective cross-sectional pilot study utilizing plasma obtained from 55 participants from Princess Marina Hospital in Gaborone, Botswana. The partial core region of HCV was amplified, and genotypes were determined using phylogenetic analysis.ResultsFour genotype 5a and two genotype 4v sequences were identified. Two significant mutations – K10Q and R70Q – were observed in genotype 5a sequences and have been associated with increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), while R70Q confers resistance to interferon-based treatments.ConclusionGenotypes 5a and 4v are circulating in Botswana. The presence of mutations in genotype 5 suggests that some patients may not respond to IFN-based regimens. The information obtained in this study, in addition to the World health organization (WHO) recommendations, can be utilized by policy makers to implement DAAs as the new SOC for HCV treatment in Botswana.

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Hepatitis B virus genotypes among chronic hepatitis B patients from Baghdad, Iraq and their impact on liver function

2019

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Molecular characterization of hepatitis B virus in blood donors in Botswana

Cited by 24 publications

References 38 publications

In Silico Prediction of Human Leukocytes Antigen (HLA) Class II Binding Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Peptides in Botswana

In Silico Prediction of Human Leukocytes Antigen (HLA) Class II Binding Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Peptides in Botswana

Molecular characterization of hepatitis C virus in liver disease patients in Botswana: a retrospective cross-sectional study

Hepatitis B virus genotypes among chronic hepatitis B patients from Baghdad, Iraq and their impact on liver function

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