Molecular characterization of equine herpes viruses type 1 and 4 among Arabian horse populations in Egypt during the period between 2021-2022
Ahmed Ali,
Fatma Abdallah,
Omayma Shemies
et al.
Abstract:Background:
Equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) is a major cause of abortion and respiratory disease. Equine herpesvirus type 4 (EHV-4), on the other hand, is exclusively associated with respiratory disease in horse populations worldwide, particularly in Egypt and Arabian countries.
Aim:
This study aims to investigate the circulation of EHV-1 and EHV-4 in the Arabian horse population through molecular detection and genetic characterization of EHV-1 and/or EHV-4 that may threaten the stability of horse industry.
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Infectious diseases in horses, such as strangles and equine herpesvirus, can cause outbreaks of disease which spread rapidly between horses. Many of these diseases cause respiratory issues, which are both unpleasant for the horse and in some cases, can be fatal. Prompt action is required to prevent such outbreaks, and limit spread when horses do become infected.
Infectious diseases in horses, such as strangles and equine herpesvirus, can cause outbreaks of disease which spread rapidly between horses. Many of these diseases cause respiratory issues, which are both unpleasant for the horse and in some cases, can be fatal. Prompt action is required to prevent such outbreaks, and limit spread when horses do become infected.
Equine breeding plays an essential role in the local economic development of many countries, and it has experienced rapid growth in China in recent years. However, the equine industry, particularly large-scale donkey farms, faces a significant challenge with pregnancy losses. Unfortunately, there is a lack of systematic research on abortion during equine breeding. Several causes, both infectious and non-infectious, of pregnancy losses have been documented in equines. The infectious causes are viruses, bacteria, parasites, and fungi. Non-infectious causes may include long transportation, ingestion of mycotoxins, hormonal disturbances, twinning, placentitis, umbilical length and torsion, etc. In current review, we discuss the transmission routes, diagnostic methods, and control measures for these infectious agents. Early detection of the cause and appropriate management are crucial in preventing pregnancy loss in equine practice. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the potential causes of abortion in equines, including infectious agents and non-infectious factors. It emphasizes the importance of continued research and effective control measures to address this significant challenge in the equine industry.
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