Molecular characterization of a rare G9P[23] porcine rotavirus isolate from China

Abstract

The fifth most important G genotype, G9 rotavirus, is recognized as an emerging genotype that is spreading around the world. Sequence analysis was completed of a rare group A rotavirus, strain G9P[23], that was designated rotavirus A pig/China/NMTL/2008/G9P[23] and abbreviated as NMTL. It was isolated from a piglet with diarrhea in China. Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that the VP7 gene clustered within the G9 lineage VId. The VP4 gene clustered within the rare P[23] genotype. NMTL is the first porcine G9 stain reported in China. Thus, to further characterize the evolutionary diversity of the NMTL strain, all gene segments were used to draw a phylogenetic tree. Based on the new classification system of rotaviruses, the NMTL sequence revealed a G9-P[23]-I5-R1-C1-M1-A8-N1-T1-E1-H1 genotype with close similarity to human Wa-like and porcine strains. The results showed that (i) NSP2 and NSP4 genes of NMTL exhibited higher genetic relatedness to human group A rotaviruses than to porcine strains, (ii) the VP2 and VP4 genes clustered with porcine and porcine-like human strains, and (iii) VP1 genes clustered apart from the Wa-like human and porcine clusters. In view of rotavirus evolution, this report provides additional evidence to support the notion that the human and porcine rotavirus genomes might be related.

Novel G9 rotavirus strains co-circulate in children and pigs, Taiwan

“…Roman numerals in parentheses after genotype in strains from this study represent the cluster as identified in phylogenetic trees in Figs 4 and 5. Asterisks indicate rearranged NSP54041.…”

Phylogenetic Analyses of the VP4 and VP7 Genes of Porcine Group A Rotaviruses in São Paulo State, Brazil: First Identification of G5P[23] in Piglets

“…Gouvea and Brantly (31) suggest that this phenomenon explains new epidemiological findings and controversial results in studies of the efficacy of vaccines that target these viral agents. The P [23] genotype has been described as predominant in Thailand (16,32) and was isolated from a pig in China (33). Pigs are regarded as important reservoirs for human rotavirus diversification (10,12,28,34).…”

Distinguishing the genotype 1 genes and proteins of human Wa-like rotaviruses vs. porcine rotaviruses

“…We also included the gene sequences of several atypical strains (Fig. 2D) that were either archival and isolated prior to 1983 (strains RV277, OSU, YM, and Gottfried) or that were predicted to represent human-porcine RVA reassortants (strains RU172, A131, and NMTL) (Ghosh et al, 2010; Matthijnssens et al, 2008; Shi et al, 2012; Theuns et al, 2015). …”

“…2C–D; cyan). Related to this sub-cluster were the NSP4 genes of the unusual porcine RVA from China (strain NMTL) and a single modern human Wa-like RVA from Thailand (strain CU460-KK) (Shi et al, 2012; Theamboonlers et al, 2014). …”

“…4A and 4C) (Ghosh et al, 2010; Matthijnssens et al, 2008; Shi et al, 2012; Theuns et al, 2015). Four of the viruses in this group showed changes at host-specific variable positions in VP3.…”