Molecular characterization and varietal identification for multiple abiotic stress tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Abstract

Coexistence of two or more abiotic stresses is common in most of the rainfed lowland and upland rice growing areas of India and worldwide. Rice production under these conditions is not sustainable. Identification and development of multiple abiotic stress tolerant rice varieties are to be addressed. Here we tried to identify multiple abiotic stress tolerant varieties from a collection of earlier identified varieties for single stress and validated the known SSR markers for stress tolerance. Twenty rice genotypes were evaluated for individual abiotic stress such as drought, salinity and temperature initially and the tolerant three genotypes in each case were further evaluated for combination of stresses various physio-morphological and biochemical parameters were recorded. Among the genotypes evaluated for combination of stresses, PTB-7 was found to be tolerant for drought and salinity, Nagina-22 was tolerant against high temperature and salinity. However, the seeds did not germinate in the presence of all three stresses simultaneously. Twenty rice varieties viz., Chomala, MO-16, PTB-35, PTB-60, PTB-39, PTB-55, PTB-30, PTB-7, CRdhan307, Apo, Vyttila-3, Vyttila-4, Vyttila-5, Vyttila-6, Vyttila-7, Vyttila-8, Vyttila-9, Vyttila-10, Nagina-22 and NL-44 were further investigated using microsatellite markers to confirm the genotypic level of tolerance to combination of abiotic stresses. Rice genotypes were screened using 30 reported simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers that are linked to drought, salinity and temperature. Molecular marker analysis of rice genotypes also confirmed that RM8904 and RM1287 were associated with salinity tolerance, RM2612, RM6100 and RM5749 were linked to high temperature tolerant trait. Population analysis also revealed that there is five subpopulation among rice genotypes.

Identification of simple sequence repeat markers linked to heat tolerance in rice using bulked segregant analysis in F2 population of NERICA-L 44 × Uma

“…Simple sequence repeats (SSR) are molecular markers that are relatively more efficient, cheaper, and easier to use in marker assisted selection for crop improvement, as there is a probability of a higher polymorphism rate ( Beena et al., 2012 ; Gao et al., 2016 ). Identifying SSR markers that are associated with QTLs contributing to heat tolerance has huge potential in breeding programs through gene pyramiding ( Ye et al., 2015 ; Ali et al., 2022 ). In this regard, bulked segregant analysis is a technique that can rapidly identify markers that are tightly linked to genes for a given phenotype ( Zou et al., 2016 ).…”

Physiological and molecular implications of multiple abiotic stresses on yield and quality of rice

“…The combined effect of drought and salinity at early stages (germination, seedling establishment, and tillering) delays transplantation (in rainfed lowlands) or crop establishment (in uplands) and stunts growth, resulting in poor stand establishment and ultimately reducing the number of panicles per unit area and panicle size. The combined stresses at the reproductive stage (panicle initiation, flowering, and grain filling) cause varying degrees of spikelet sterility and poor grain filling, with greater detrimental effects on grain yield ( Ali et al., 2022 ).…”

“…Many paddy growers experience frequent crop failure, resulting in unprecedented hardships such as starvation and financial pressure ( Rejeth et al., 2020 ). Exposure to multiple abiotic stresses leads to physical and biochemical alterations in crop produce ( Manikanta et al., 2020 ; Ali et al., 2022 ; Manikanta et al., 2022 ). Concurrent abiotic stresses damage rice crops more than individual stresses ( Pandey et al., 2017 ), posing various physiological effects that trigger cross-talk reactions that affect rice phenology ( Ramu et al., 2016 ; Ali et al., 2022 ).…”

“…Exposure to multiple abiotic stresses leads to physical and biochemical alterations in crop produce ( Manikanta et al., 2020 ; Ali et al., 2022 ; Manikanta et al., 2022 ). Concurrent abiotic stresses damage rice crops more than individual stresses ( Pandey et al., 2017 ), posing various physiological effects that trigger cross-talk reactions that affect rice phenology ( Ramu et al., 2016 ; Ali et al., 2022 ). While not an abiotic stress component, elevated CO 2 (eCO 2 ) can alleviate or aggravate the stress effects.…”

Pyramiding of transcription factor, PgHSF4, and stress-responsive genes of p68, Pg47, and PsAKR1 impart multiple abiotic stress tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

“…In recent decades, several studies and rice crop improvement programs have focused on improving crop yield and quality under abiotic stress ( Patra et al., 2020 ; Panda et al., 2021 ; Radha et al., 2023 ). However, less successful rates and little information are available on improving multiple stress tolerance in rice ( Ali et al., 2022 ). Hence, crop improvement programs in rice need to be targeted to improve the multiple abiotic stress tolerance to overcome the adverse environmental conditions under climate change situations.…”