Molecular characterization and quantification of the gonadotropin receptors FSH-R and LH-R from Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)

Mittelholzer, Christian; Andersson, Eva; Taranger, Geir Lasse; Consten, D.; Hirai, Toshiaki; Senthilkumaran, B.; Nagahama, Yoshitaka; Norberg, Birgitta

doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2008.10.015

Cited by 36 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Traditionally, these hormones are thought to be produced in the pituitary [36]. However, evidence suggests that the ovary produces FSH and LH [37,38] and that this intragonadal production is important in regulating oocyte development [35,39,40]. We see decreases in mRNA levels of the glycoprotein subunits alpha in the ovary as circulating levels of FSH increase.…”

Section: Post Hoc Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…These transcriptional networks related to IGF, IGFBP, and GH may exist because of interactions between the growth and reproductive axes. Insulinlike growth factor, which is known to be correlated with growth and nutritional status, is hypothesized to act as a link between somatic growth and sexual reproduction [40,43]. Treatment of pituitary cells isolated from immature coho salmon has been shown to increase gonadotropin-releasing hormone-stimulated FSH release [44].…”

Section: Post Hoc Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationships between the transcriptome and physiological indicators of reproduction in female rainbow trout over an annual cycle

Hook

Nagler

Cavileer

et al. 2010

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Normal transcriptomic patterns along the brain-pituitary-gonad-liver (BPGL) axis should be better characterized if endocrine-disrupting compound-induced changes in gene expression are to be understood. Female rainbow trout were studied over a complete year-long reproductive cycle. Tissue samples from pituitary, ovary, and liver were collected for microarray analysis using the 16K Genomic Research on Atlantic Salmon Project (GRASP) microarray and for quantitative polymerase chain reaction measures of estrogen receptor (ER) isoform messenger RNA (mRNA) levels. Plasma was collected to determine levels of circulating estradiol-17β (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH). As an a priori hypothesis, changes in gene expression were correlated to either circulating levels of E2, FSH, and LH, or ER mRNAs quantified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In the liver, most transcriptomic patterns correlated to levels of either E2, LH, or ERs. Fewer ovarian transcripts could be correlated to levels of E2, ERα, or FSH. No significant associations were obvious in the pituitary. As a post hoc hypothesis, changes in transcript abundance were compared with microarray features with known roles in gonadal maturation. Many altered transcripts in the ovary correlated to transcript levels of estradiol 17-beta-dehydrogenase 8 or 17 B HSD12, or to glycoprotein alpha chain 1 or 2. In the pituitary, genes involved with the growth axis (e.g., growth hormone, insulin-related growth factor binding protein) correlated with the most transcripts. These results suggest that transcriptional networks along the BPGL axis may be regulated by factors other than circulating steroid hormones.

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Section: Post Hoc Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Post Hoc Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between the transcriptome and physiological indicators of reproduction in female rainbow trout over an annual cycle

Hook

Nagler

Cavileer

et al. 2010

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…Upon release, LH and FSH bind to their specific receptors, LHR and FSHR, in the gonads, stimulating steroidogenesis and gametogenesis. Gonadotropin receptors, however, are expressed in multiple tissues also outside the b-p-g axis (Kumar et al, 2001;Vischer and Bogerd, 2003;Wong and Van Eenennaam, 2004;So et al, 2005;Rocha et al, 2007;Mittelholzer et al, 2009), suggesting LH and FSH could be involved in many physiological processes, although nonreproductive functions are largely unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental tracing of luteinizing hormone β‐subunit gene expression using green fluorescent protein transgenic medaka (Oryzias latipes) reveals a putative novel developmental function

Hildahl

Sandvik

Lifjeld

et al. 2012

Developmental Dynamics

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Background: Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), produced in gonadotrope cells in the adenohypophysis are key regulators of vertebrate reproduction. The differential regulation of these hormones, however, is poorly understood and little is known about gonadotrope embryonic development. We developed a stable transgenic line of medaka with the LH beta subunit gene (lhb) promotor driving green fluorescent protein (gfp) expression to characterize development of LH-producing gonadotropes in whole larvae and histological sections. Additionally, developmental and tissue-specific gene expression was examined. Results: The lhb gene is maternally expressed during early embryogenesis. Transcript levels increase by stage 21 (36 hours post fertilization [hpf]) and then decrease during continued larval development. Examination of the expression of pituitary marker genes show that LH-producing cells are initially localized outside the primordial pituitary, and they were localized to the developing gut tube by 32 hpf. At hatching, lhb-GFP is clearly detected in the gut epithelium and in the anterior digestive tract. lhb-GFP expression later consolidate in the developing pituitary by 2 weeks postfertilization. Conclusions: During embryonic development, lhb is primarily expressed outside the central nervous system and pituitary. The novel expression of lhb in the embryonic gut suggests that LH has a hitherto unidentified developmental function. Developmental Dynamics 241: [1665][1666][1667][1668][1669][1670][1671][1672][1673][1674][1675][1676][1677] 2012. V C 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Key words: teleost; gonadotrope; embryogenesis Key findings:The lhb gene is maternally expressed in medaka embryos and zygotic expression peaks during the six-somite stage, approximately 36 hr postfertilization. The lhb gene is regulated in the developing gut tube during Japanese medaka embryogenesis. Lhb-GFP is first detected in the pituitary by 2 weeks postfertilization.

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“…Atlantic cod reproduction has been well studied because of its importance to commercial fisheries and aquaculture, and available resources include ultrastructural ovarian stage descriptions [34,52], seasonal reproductive steroid profiles [13], an ovarian expressed sequence tag (EST) library [23], and a recently annotated genome assembly [68]. Additionally, expression profiles for cod gonadotropins and their receptors have been assessed throughout the reproductive cycle [50,51]. In this study, a subtractive hybridization-based approach was used to compare gene expression patterns between mid (<675 lm maximum oocyte diameter) and late (>675 lm) vitellogenic stage ovaries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of ovarian gene expression patterns during vitellogenesis in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)

Breton

Anderson

Goetz

et al. 2012

General and Comparative Endocrinology

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Follicular maturational competence and ovulatory competence in teleost fish refer to the ability of the ovarian follicle to undergo final oocyte maturation and ovulation, respectively, in response to gonadotropin stimulation and other external cues. Some gene products related to competence acquisition are likely synthesized during vitellogenic growth, as these follicles gain in vivo responsiveness to exogenous gonadotropin stimulation and can be induced to undergo maturation and ovulation. In Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), gonadotropin responsiveness has been shown to be oocyte size-dependent, and only ovaries containing late-stage vitellogenic follicles can be induced to ovulate. The purpose of the present study was to compare gene expression patterns between mid (unresponsive) and late (responsive) vitellogenic ovaries to identify genes involved in gonadotropin responsiveness and the acquisition of maturational and ovulatory competencies. Representational difference analysis was conducted in two reciprocal comparisons using intact ovarian fragments and follicle wall-enriched tissues, and genes of interest were used in real time quantitative PCR to confirm differential expression. Few differences were detected in intact ovarian fragments, but type IV ice-structuring protein and gephyrin were upregulated later in development and may be involved in lipid and sulfur metabolism, respectively. Candidate gene assays for luteinizing hormone receptor and aromatase also exhibited significant upregulation during vitellogenesis. Many genes were differentially expressed in follicle wall-enriched tissues, including endocrine maturational regulators and smooth muscle genes. Overall, maturational and ovulatory competencies during vitellogenesis in Atlantic cod are associated with up- and downregulation of many genes involved in lipid metabolism, endocrine regulation, and ovulatory preparation.

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Molecular characterization and quantification of the gonadotropin receptors FSH-R and LH-R from Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)

Cited by 36 publications

References 56 publications

Relationships between the transcriptome and physiological indicators of reproduction in female rainbow trout over an annual cycle

Relationships between the transcriptome and physiological indicators of reproduction in female rainbow trout over an annual cycle

Developmental tracing of luteinizing hormone β‐subunit gene expression using green fluorescent protein transgenic medaka (Oryzias latipes) reveals a putative novel developmental function

Identification of ovarian gene expression patterns during vitellogenesis in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)

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