Molecular characterization and expression analysis of interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF-5) in turbot, Scophthalmus maximus

Molecular Cloning, Expression and Functional Analysis of Interferon Regulatory Factor 5 (IRF 5) in Malabar Grouper (Epinephelus Malabaricus)

“…The results indicate that NNV induces MgIRF5 expression significantly in lymphoid organs or tissues such as in spleen, head kidney and liver, suggesting that the gene might play an important role in fish defense against the viral pathogen ( Figure 6 A-C). This was confirmed by studies in other fish species, which also showed up-regulation of IRF5 gene when infected with pathogens [14,[17][18][19][20]. This suggests IRF5 plays a pivotal role in preventing viral infection in vertebrates.…”

“…The expression of the MgIRF5 gene was found to be induced after virus infection in previous studies [14,[17][18][19][20]. In our study IRF5 expressions were significantly up-regulated by experimentally challenging with NNV and detected by real-time PCR.…”

“…The IRF5 expression profiling has been reported in many fish, and is significantly expressed in different tissues under healthy condition [14][15][16][17][19][20]. In this study we found that MgIRF5 was predominantly expressed in muscle and liver and moderately expressed in skin and gill ( Figure 4B), which is different to the other fish species.…”

“…IRF5 has been characterized in turbot [14], Paddlefish [15], Zebrafish [16], Grass [17], Japanese flounder [18], Rock bream [19], Tongue sole [20] and Common carp [21]. Precise evidence regarding IRF5 induction by type I IFNs in grouper fish has not been identified.…”

Molecular cloning and expression studies of the adapter molecule myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus)

“…Additionally, MyD88 has been reported to participate in the activation of several members of interferon regulatory factor (IRF) family transcription factors, namely, IRF3, -5 and -7 (Yamamoto et al, 2002). Since these IRFs were constitutively expressed also in most tissue types of turbots with higher levels in the leukocyte-rich organs (Hu et al, 2011a(Hu et al, , 2011bXia et al, 2012), it can be inferred that SmMyD88 has a close relationship with them.…”