Molecular characterization and core collection evaluation of Manihot esculenta Crantz

Costa, Nathalia Almeida; Azevêdo, Hélio; Silva, L. M. da; Cunha, E. F. M.; Siviero, Amauri; Campos, Tatiana de

doi:10.14393/bj-v36n0a2020-48247

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Todos os locos foram polimórficos, sendo que GA126 apresentou a maior quantidade de alelos (Tabela 3). Costa et al (2021), ao analisarem 106 genótipos de mandioca da Coleção de Mandioca presente na Embrapa Acre, Rio Branco, detectaram por meio de dez marcadores microssatélites 84 alelos com uma média de 8,4 alelos por locos. Resultado similar foi identificado por Sousa et al (2017), quando eles analisaram 470 genótipos do Banco Ativo de germoplasma (BAG) de mandioca da Embrapa Amazônia Ocidental e detectaram 113 alelos, com média de 11,3 alelos por locos.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…O DNA genômico total foi extraído e, para isso, foi usado o protocolo descrito por Hoisington et al (1994) Mba et al (2001) foram escolhidos para a realização da amplificação (Tabela 1). A escolha se deu, considerando que em estudos anteriores esses marcadores apresentaram resultados favoráveis na caracterização de variedades de mandioca (CHAVARRIAGA-AGUIRRE et al, 1998;MBA et al, 2001;COSTA et al, 2021). As reações de amplificação dos fragmentos de DNA foram feitas de acordo com o descrito no estudo de Costa et al (2021).…”

Section: Metodologiaunclassified

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Indicação Geográfica da Farinha de Cruzeiro do Sul: prospecção da diversidade de mandioca com uso de marcadores moleculares

Azevedo,

Azêvedo,

Campos

et al. 2023

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Conhecer e conservar as variedades de mandioca da Região do Vale do Juruá, que tem a Identificação Geográfica (IG) da farinha de mandioca, e montar uma coleção são necessários para que haja a manutenção do recurso genético. O objetivo deste artigo foi prospectar a diversidade genética de mandioca, que detém a IG da farinha de Cruzeiro do Sul visando à implantação de uma coleção de germoplasma. Foram realizadas coletas de 24 variedades. Para a extração de DNA, foram coletadas folhas jovens e utilizados dez marcadores microssatélites. Foram utilizados também os parâmetros: heterozigosidade observada, esperada e número de alelos por loco. As distâncias genéticas pela matriz de Rogers modificado foram utilizadas para a elaboração do dendrograma. Detectou-se 39 alelos e foram observadas duplicatas entre as variedades. Concluiu-se que há grande diversidade de variedades de mandioca cultivadas in situ pelos agricultores rurais do Vale do Juruá, região que detém a IG da farinha de mandioca de Cruzeiro do Sul.

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Section: Metodologiaunclassified

Indicação Geográfica da Farinha de Cruzeiro do Sul: prospecção da diversidade de mandioca com uso de marcadores moleculares

Azevedo,

Azêvedo,

Campos

et al. 2023

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In Situ, Ex Situ and On Farm Conservation of Plant Genetic Resources in Neotropics

Siqueira,

Costa,

Novaes

et al. 2023

Conservation Genetics in the Neotropics

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Identification of Cassava Varieties in Ex-Situ Collections and Global Farmer’s Fields: An Update from 1990 to 2020

López-Lavalle¹,

Bohórquez-Chaux²,

Zhang³

2021

Cassava - Biology, Production, and Use

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The identification of cassava cultivars is important for understanding the crop’s production system, enabling crop improvement practitioners to design and deliver tailored solutions with which farmers can secure high yields and sustainable production. Across the lowland tropics today, a large number improved varieties and landraces of cassava are under cultivation, making it inefficient for breeders and geneticists to set improvement goals for the crop. The identification and characterization of cassava genotypes is currently based on either morphological characters or molecular features. The major aim of cultivar identification is to catalog the crop’s genetic diversity, but a consensus approach has still not been established. Of the two approaches to the identification of variety, morphological characters seem to account for most of the genetic variability reported in cassava. However, these characters must be treated with caution, as phenotypic changes can be due to environmental and climatic conditions as well as to the segregation of new highly heterozygous populations, thus, making the accurate identification of varieties difficult. The use of molecular markers has allowed researchers to establish accurate relationships between genotypes, and to measure and track their heterozygous status. Since the early 1990’s, molecular geneticists working with cassava have been developing and deploying DNA-based tools for the identification and characterization of landraces or improved varieties. Hence, in the last five years, economists and social scientists have adopted DNA-based variety identification to measure the adoption rates of varieties, and to support the legal protection of breeder’s rights. Despite the advances made in the deployment of molecular markers for cassava, multiple platform adoption, as well as their costs and variable throughput, has limited their use by practitioners of crop improvement of cassava. The post-genomic era has produced a large number of genome and transcriptome sequencing tools, and has increased our capacity to develop and deploy genome-based tools to account for the crop’s genetic variability by accurately measuring and tracking allele diversity. These technologies allow the creation of haplotype catalogs that can be widely shared across the cassava crop improvement community. Low-density genome-wide SNP markers might be the solution for the wide adoption of molecular tools for the identification of cultivars or varieties of cassava. In this review we survey the efforts made in the past 30 years to establish the tools for cultivar identification of cassava in farmer’s fields and gene banks. We also emphasize the need for a global picture of the genetic diversity of this crop, at its center of origin in South America.

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Molecular characterization and core collection evaluation of Manihot esculenta Crantz

Cited by 3 publications

References 29 publications

Indicação Geográfica da Farinha de Cruzeiro do Sul: prospecção da diversidade de mandioca com uso de marcadores moleculares

Indicação Geográfica da Farinha de Cruzeiro do Sul: prospecção da diversidade de mandioca com uso de marcadores moleculares

In Situ, Ex Situ and On Farm Conservation of Plant Genetic Resources in Neotropics

Identification of Cassava Varieties in Ex-Situ Collections and Global Farmer’s Fields: An Update from 1990 to 2020

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