Molecular characterization and chromosomal mapping of melanoma growth stimulatory activity, a growth factor structurally related to beta-thromboglobulin.

Richmond, Ann; Balentien, E.; Thomas, H.; Flaggs, G.; Barton, D. E.; Spiess, Joachim; Bordoni, Roberta; Francke, Uta; Derynck, Rik

doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1988.tb03042.x

Cited by 342 publications

(175 citation statements)

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“…Human melanoma growth-stimulating activity (14), murine macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (15), and IL-8 all bind to the same receptor on neutrophils (36). Detailed comparison of the amino acid sequences (29) of these proteins revealed less homology along the helix (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The factor has been known as monocyte-derived neutrophil chemotactic factor (10) or neutrophil-activating protein (11,12) among others, but it is now generally designated IL-8 (9). IL-8 is a member of a family of similar immune system proteins including the monocyte chemoattractant factor (13), human melanoma growth-stimulating activity (14), murine macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (15), and bovine platelet factor 4 (BPF4) (16). Each of these protein sequences shows a conserved region containing four cysteines that form two disulfide bridges.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Crystal structure of interleukin 8: symbiosis of NMR and crystallography.

Baldwin

Weber

Charles

et al. 1991

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

337

222

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The crystal structure of a host defense system chemotactic factor, interleukin 8, has been solved by molecular replacement using as a model the solution structure derived from nuclear magnetic resonance experiments. The structure was refined with 2 A x-ray data to an R factor of 0.187 (0.217 at 1.6 A). A comparison indicates some potential differences between the structure in solution and in the crystalline state. Our analysis also predicts that residues 4 through 9 on the amino terminus and the (-bend, which includes His-33, may be important for receptor binding.Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has been established in the last 5 years as the only viable alternative to x-ray crystallography for determining detailed three-dimensional structures of macromolecules up to 20 kDa molecular mass (1, 2). Although test calculations using crambin (3), tendamistat (4), and ubiquitin (5) have established the feasibility of utilizing NMR-derived models as starting points for solving x-ray structures by molecular replacement, no unknown crystal structures have been previously solved by that route. We present here the results of such an investigation. The highresolution x-ray structure ofinterleukin 8 (IL-8) was solved by a combination of NMR (6, 7) and crystallography, and the models obtained by these two techniques were compared.tt IL-8 is a small, chemotactic factor released by monocytes and a number of other cell types in response to inflammatory stimuli (8). The factor promotes the directed migration of neutrophils, basophils, and T cells (9) along a concentration gradient to the inflammatory focus. IL-8 has also been reported to initiate the oxidative burst response in neutrophils. The factor has been known as monocyte-derived neutrophil chemotactic factor (10) or neutrophil-activating protein (11,12) among others, but it is now generally designated IL-8 (9). IL-8 is a member of a family of similar immune system proteins including the monocyte chemoattractant factor (13), human melanoma growth-stimulating activity (14), murine macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (15), and bovine platelet factor 4 (BPF4) (16). Each of these protein sequences shows a conserved region containing four cysteines that form two disulfide bridges. Under the experimental conditions of the structural investigations IL-8 is a dimer (6, 7) and BPF4 is a tetramer (17). Materials and MethodsRecombinant human IL-8 that was used in the crystallographic studies was purified from Escherichia coli (18). All of the x-ray data used for this structure determination were collected on crystals that were grown using protein recycled from the NMR experiments of Clore and Gronenborn and coworkers (6, 7). Crystals belonging to the space group P3121, a = b = 40.3 A, c = 90.1 A, were grownfrom40%o ammonium sulfate (pH = 8.5) as described (19). Identical crystals have also been grown using chemically synthesized protein. Recently, workers at Sandoz Pharmaceutical have reported that crystals apparently identical to the ones described here could be grown from poly...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystal structure of interleukin 8: symbiosis of NMR and crystallography.

Baldwin

Weber

Charles

et al. 1991

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

337

222

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…CSF3 (also called GCSF), is known to stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of the progenitor cells for granulocytes [99,100], in a manner similar to the biological activity on inhibin, (β A, also called activin A), whose ligands act as growth and differentiation factors in many cells [101]. The GRO1 oncogene, formerly called melanoma growth stimulatory activity, is a mitogenic polypeptide secreted by human melanoma cells and important to their growth and survival [102]. Also intriguing was the upregulation (by poorly aggressive melanoma cells exposed to metastatic preconditioned matrices) of zinc finger protein 41 that encodes regulatory proteins [103], paired box gene 8 important in differentiation [104], and cytochrome P450, subfamily 3A4 which plays a central role in the metabolism of drugs [105].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The epigenetic reprogramming of poorly aggressive melanoma cells by a metastatic microenvironment

Seftor¹,

Meltzer²,

Kirschmann³

et al. 2006

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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Cancer pathogenesis involves dynamic interactions within the tumor-host microenvironment. Most noteworthy is cutaneous melanoma which is considered one of the few remaining cancers escalating in incidence [1,2], and thus represents a growing public health burden worldwide [3; for review, see 4; 5]. In addition, uveal melanoma is considered the most common primary intraocular cancer in adults [6], where metastasis occurs in an unpredictable manner in approximately 50% of patients with a primary tumor originating in the choroid or ciliary body of the eye [6]. Without question, the clinical manage- AbstractA dynamic, complex relationship exists between tumor cells and their microenvironment, which plays a pivotal role in cancer progression, yet remains poorly understood. Particularly perplexing is the finding that aggressive melanoma cells express genes associated with multiple cellular phenotypes, in addition to their ability to form vasculogenic-like networks in three-dimensional matrix -called vasculogenic mimicry, which is illustrative of tumor cell plasticity. This study addressed the unique epigenetic effect of the microenvironment of aggressive melanoma cells on the behavior of poorly aggressive melanoma cells exposed to it. The data show significant changes in the global gene expression of the cells exposed to 3-D matrices preconditioned by aggressive melanoma cells, including the acquisition of a vasculogenic cell phenotype, upregulation of ECM remodeling genes, and increased invasive ability -indicative of an epigenetic, microenvironment-induced reprogramming of poorly aggressive melanoma cells. However, this epigenetic effect was completely abrogated when a highly cross-linked collagen matrix was used, which could not be remodeled by the aggressive melanoma cells. These findings offer an unique perspective of the inductive properties associated with an aggressive melanoma microenvironment that might provide new insights into the epigenetic regulation of tumor cell plasticity and differentiation, as well as mechanisms that could be targeted for novel therapeutic strategies.

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“…Chemokines act as autocrine factors for a number of transformed cell lines and in particular for melanoma and glioma cells (Balentien et al, 1991;Richmond et al, 1988;Schadendorf et al, 1993). More often though, it is thought that chemokines function in a paracrine fashion to regulate a variety of biological processes including wound healing and tumor formation.…”

Section: C/ebpb and V-src Transformationmentioning

confidence: 99%