Molecular Characterization and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis Isolated from Sheep and Goats Suffering from Caseous Lymphadenitis

Abstract

Caseous lymphadenitis is a highly prevalent worldwide disease of sheep and goats caused by C. pseudotuberculosis, resulting in significant economic losses. In order to investigate the prevalence as well as the molecular characterization of C. pseudotuberculosis and monitoring the antibiotic susceptibility of the isolated strains, a total of 126 pus samples were collected aseptically from 80 sheep and 46 goats suffering from abscessation. The collected samples were subjected to bacteriological examination where the prevalence of C. pseudotuberculosis was 43.8% and 36.9% in diseased sheep and goats, respectively. The antibiotic sensitivity test was carried out using disc diffusion method, most of the isolates were resistant to penicillin (96.2%) and erythromycine (92.3%), highly sensitive to ciprofloxacin (96.2%), amikacin (90.4%) and neomycin (88.5%). Polymerase chain reaction was applied on 30 C. pseudotuberculosis isolates for the amplification and detection of both 16S rRNA and the RNA polymerase β-subunit gene (rpoB) genes to confirm the diagnosis of the isolates. The results revealed that all the tested isolates were positive for both genes. In conclusion, the incorporation of both phenotypic and genotypic characterization of C.pseudotuberculosis is more valuable and accurate for identification of isolates. Moreover, PCR is a fast and specific diagnostic tool used for the genetic analysis of C. pseudotuberculosis.

First study on molecular epidemiology of caseous lymphadenitis in slaughtered sheep and goats in Duhok Province, Iraq

“…These findings are in line with prevalence rates that were reported in slaughtered goats (1.1%) at the local slaughterhouses in Elazig Province, in the east of Turkey ( Çetinkaya et al , 2002 ) and 2.4% in clinically examined goats in Rajasthan, India ( Kumar et al , 2012 ) and in line with the prevalence rate (1.93%) in sheep slaughtered in Sumel district of Duhok Province, Iraq ( Issa et al , 2021 ). Whereas, higher rates of CLA in sheep (26.3%) and goats (45.5%) were reported by Algammal (2016) in Menoufia Governorate, Egypt, and Rizk et al (2019) who reported the prevalence rate of the disease (13%) in sheep and goat in Beni-Suef Governorate in Egypt. The lower prevalence rates of the infection observed in sheep and goats in the present study are probably due to better management practices and the climatic conditions of the region.…”

“…Caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) is a chronic debilitating bacterial infection caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis manifests as abscesses in internal organs, particularly the lung, as well as lymph nodes throughout the body ( Algammal, 2016 ; Yitagesu et al , 2020 ). CLA in sheep and goats is a cosmopolitan bacterial infection that lacks effective control measures and has a poor response to treatment.…”

Molecular characterization and antimicrobial susceptibility of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis isolated from skin abscesses of native Korean goats (Capra hircus coreanae)

“…In this study, C. pseudotuberculosis isolates were susceptible to the tested antimicrobials, except for cefotaxime, trimethoprim and streptomycin. Most of the studies on the antimicrobial susceptibility of C. pseudotuberculosi s have shown regional differences in the prevalence of non‐susceptible strains according to antimicrobials (Abebe & Sisay, 2015; Algammal, 2016; Aquino, Veschi, et al, 2013; Connor et al, 2007; Dorella et al, 2006; Li et al, 2018). These differences could be due to the different selective pressures on antimicrobials frequently used in each nation.…”

“…Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis is an intracellular, pleomorphic, Gram‐positive pathogen with many hosts, including goats, sheep, cattle, horses, pigs and even humans (Algammal, 2016; Kinne & Wernery, 2016; Oliveira et al, 2014; Sellyei et al, 2017; Williamson, 2001). Based on its ability to reduce nitrate, the pathogen can be divided into two biovars: biovar equi (nitrate reduction‐positive) and biovar ovis (nitrate reduction‐negative).…”

Ciências Rurais em Foco - Volume 10

“…(GALLARDO et al, 2019), ocorre a formação de biofilme bacteriano, uma barreira formada por uma cápsula de tecido fibroso que envolve a lesão, fazendo com que os antibióticos tenham uma baixa eficácia contra esse patógeno (BEZERRA et al, 2021). Além disso, a resistência deste patógeno aos antibióticos tem crescido nos últimos anos (EL DAMATY et al, 2023).…”