Molecular Characteristics of Novel Mono-Reassortant G9P[8] Rotavirus A Strains Possessing the NSP4 Gene of the E2 Genotype Detected in Tokyo, Japan

Fujii, Yoshiki; Oda, Mayuko; Somura, Yoshiko; Shinkai, Takayuki

doi:10.7883/yoken.jjid.2019.211

Cited by 29 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(94 reference statements)

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“…It is notable that three G9P[8] strains are reassortants possessing DS-1 like NSP4 genes in the genetic background of Wa-like rotavirus ( Figure 7 , E2). The reassortant G9-P[8]-I1-R1-C1-M1-A1-N1-T1-E2-H1 were also detected in Jinzhou, China, and Japan [ 66 , 67 ]. Since the identification of NSP4 genotype is not included in the routine surveillance, it is not clear when this kind of reassortant appeared in Wuhan.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surveillance of Human Rotavirus in Wuhan, China (2011–2019): Predominance of G9P[8] and Emergence of G12

et al. 2020

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Rotaviruses are a major etiologic agent of gastroenteritis in infants and young children worldwide. To learn the shift of genotypes and genetic characteristics of Rotavirus A (RVA) causing diarrhea in children and adults, a hospital-based surveillance of rotavirus was conducted in Wuhan, China from June 2011 through May 2019, and representative virus strains were phylogenetically analyzed. Among a total of 6733 stool specimens collected from both children and adults with acute gastroenteritis, RVA was detected in 25.5% (1125/4409) and 12.3% (285/2324) of specimens, respectively. G9P[8] was the most common genotype (74.5%), followed by G1P[8] (8.7%), G2P[4] (8.4%), and G3P[8] (7.3%), with G9P[8] increasing rapidly during the study period. The predominant genotype shifted from G1P[8] to G9P[8] in 2012–2013 epidemic season. G12P[6] strain RVA/Human-wt/CHN/Z2761/2019/G12P[6] was detected in April 2019 and assigned to G12-P[6]-I1-R1-C1-M1-A1-N1-T2-E1-H1 genotypes. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that VP7, VP4, VP6, VP3, NSP1, NSP2, and NSP5 genes of Z2761 clustered closely with those of Korean G12P[6] strain CAU_214, showing high nucleotide identities (98.0–98.8%). The NSP3 gene of Z2761 was closely related to those of G2P[4] and G12P[6] rotaviruses in Asia. All the eleven gene segments of Z2761 kept distance from those of cocirculating G9P[8], G1P[8], and G3P[8] strains detected in Wuhan during this study period. This is the first identification of G12 rotavirus in China. It is deduced that Z2761 is a reassortant having DS-1-like NSP3 gene in the background of G12P[6] rotavirus genetically close to CAU_214.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surveillance of Human Rotavirus in Wuhan, China (2011–2019): Predominance of G9P[8] and Emergence of G12

et al. 2020

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“…This strain has not been previously reported in South or North America, but has a highly similar identity to sequences detected between 2010 and 2016 in Asia [ 63 ]. In the same line of evidence, the G8 sequences found in Trebal also shared a 99% nucleotide identity with sequences detected in 2013 in Thailand [ 64 ] and between 2017 and 2018 in Japan [ 65 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 64%

Metagenomic Insights into the Sewage RNA Virosphere of a Large City

Guajardo-Leiva

Chnaiderman

Gaggero

et al. 2020

Viruses

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Sewage-associated viruses can cause several human and animal diseases, such as gastroenteritis, hepatitis, and respiratory infections. Therefore, their detection in wastewater can reflect current infections within the source population. To date, no viral study has been performed using the sewage of any large South American city. In this study, we used viral metagenomics to obtain a single sample snapshot of the RNA virosphere in the wastewater from Santiago de Chile, the seventh largest city in the Americas. Despite the overrepresentation of dsRNA viruses, our results show that Santiago’s sewage RNA virosphere was composed mostly of unknown sequences (88%), while known viral sequences were dominated by viruses that infect bacteria (60%), invertebrates (37%) and humans (2.4%). Interestingly, we discovered three novel genogroups within the Picobirnaviridae family that can fill major gaps in this taxa’s evolutionary history. We also demonstrated the dominance of emerging Rotavirus genotypes, such as G8 and G6, that have displaced other classical genotypes, which is consistent with recent clinical reports. This study supports the usefulness of sewage viral metagenomics for public health surveillance. Moreover, it demonstrates the need to monitor the viral component during the wastewater treatment and recycling process, where this virome can constitute a reservoir of human pathogens.

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“…In one associated paper, these closely related samples were reported as minor G2P [4] variants circulating in the Mie prefecture in 2017 [37]. However, this variant was also detected in Tokyo in 2017, where G2P [4] was the dominant genotype, accounting for 40% of samples [38]. The outbreak samples also consistently clustered with Hungarian G2P [4] from 2012, where this genotype accounted for 13.5% of the samples genotyped in 2012 [39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Characterisation of a G2P[4] Rotavirus Outbreak in Western Australia, Predominantly Impacting Aboriginal Children

et al. 2021

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In May 2017, an outbreak of rotavirus gastroenteritis was reported that predominantly impacted Aboriginal children ≤4 years of age in the Kimberley region of Western Australia. G2P[4] was identified as the dominant genotype circulating during this period and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed the majority of samples exhibited a conserved electropherotype. Full genome sequencing was performed on representative samples that exhibited the archetypal DS-1-like genome constellation: G2-P[4]-I2-R2-C2-M2-A2-N2-T2-E2-H2 and phylogenetic analysis revealed all genes of the outbreak samples were closely related to contemporary Japanese G2P[4] samples. The outbreak samples consistently fell within conserved sub-clades comprised of Hungarian and Australian G2P[4] samples from 2010. The 2017 outbreak variant was not closely related to G2P[4] variants associated with prior outbreaks in Aboriginal communities in the Northern Territory. When compared to the G2 component of the RotaTeq vaccine, the outbreak variant exhibited mutations in known antigenic regions; however, these mutations are frequently observed in contemporary G2P[4] strains. Despite the level of vaccine coverage achieved in Australia, outbreaks continue to occur in vaccinated populations, which pose challenges to regional areas and remote communities. Continued surveillance and characterisation of emerging variants are imperative to ensure the ongoing success of the rotavirus vaccination program in Australia.

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Molecular Characteristics of Novel Mono-Reassortant G9P[8] Rotavirus A Strains Possessing the NSP4 Gene of the E2 Genotype Detected in Tokyo, Japan

Cited by 29 publications

References 39 publications

Surveillance of Human Rotavirus in Wuhan, China (2011–2019): Predominance of G9P[8] and Emergence of G12

Surveillance of Human Rotavirus in Wuhan, China (2011–2019): Predominance of G9P[8] and Emergence of G12

Metagenomic Insights into the Sewage RNA Virosphere of a Large City

Characterisation of a G2P[4] Rotavirus Outbreak in Western Australia, Predominantly Impacting Aboriginal Children

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