Molecular Characteristics of Jujube Yellow Mottle-Associated Virus Infecting Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) Grown at Aksu in Xinjiang of China

Abstract

Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) is a native fruit crop in China. Leaf mottle and dapple fruit disease is prevalent in cultivated jujube plants grown at Aksu in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China. Jujube yellow mottle-associated virus (JYMaV), a tentative member in the genus Emaravirus, was recently identified from mottle-diseased jujube plants grown in Liaoning Province in China, but its incidence and genetic diversity in China is unknown. In this study, the genome sequences of three JYMaV isolates from two jujube cultivars and one jujube variant were determined by high-throughput sequencing (HTS) for small RNA and rRNA-depleted RNA coupled with RT-PCR assays. Comparison of these sequences together with sequences of the viral RNA segments derived by primer set 3C/5H-based RT-PCR revealed that genetic diversity was present in the virus populations and high sequence variation occurred at the non-translational regions of each of the viral genomic segments. Field investigation confirmed the close association of the virus with leaf mottle symptoms of jujube plants. Furthermore, this study revealed that P5 encoded in the viral RNA5 displayed a nuclear localization feature differing from the plasmodesma (PD) subcellular localization of the virus movement protein (P4), and the two proteins could interact with each other in the BiFC assays. Our study provides a snapshot of JYMaV genetic diversity in its natural hosts.

Molecular Characteristics and Incidence of Apple Rubbery Wood Virus 2 and Citrus Virus A Infecting Pear Trees in China

“…The high distribution profiles of RNA reads on the viral Mb and Sb segments might be related to the genome expression strategy and involved in specific functions. Similarly, RNA segments encoding for redundancy proteins have been reported in several emaraviruses [ 15 , 22 , 30 ]. The RNA read peaks on the genomic RNA2 of CiVA are separated by an IGR, which is similar to the characteristics for some other viruses previously reported [ 31 ].…”

“…Two ORFs (without stop codons) coding for Ma and Mb of ARWV-2 isolate LYXS, and ORFs (without stop codons) coding for NP and MP of CiVA were amplified using gene-specific primers flanked with an attB recombination sequence ( Table S2 ). The construction of vectors used for protein localization and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays were done as described previously [ 22 ].…”

Complete Genome sequence of a new variant of jujube mosaic-associated virus isolated from jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) grown at Aksu in Xinjiang of China

“…Two complete sequences of JuMD can be obtained from the database, jujube mosaic-associated virus (JuMaV, KX852476.1) and jujube associated Badnavirus (JuAB, MN274946.1), respectively. Although sequence analysis of JuMaV has been reported, diseased leaves were collected from Chinese jujube trees grown in Beijing, China [14], there is no information on JuMD in other regions and jujube variety.…”

“…A cDNA library of sRNAs library was constructed and sequenced on an Illumina HiSeq XTen sequencing machine (Illumina) with a paired-end 150 bp setup [14]. A total of 179 contigs length sequence between 34 to 448 nt were found in leaf and fruit samples, which had high sequence identity ranging from 46.3% to 94.44% with several badnaviruses.…”

Characterisation and Distribution of Karaka Ōkahu Purepure Virus—A Novel Emaravirus Likely to Be Endemic to New Zealand

“…The type species of this genus is European mountain ash ringspot-associated virus (EMARaV) and a characteristic feature of this genus is the appearance of double-membraned bodies in the cytoplasm of infected plants [ 22 ]. Emaravirus genomes comprise four to nine negative-sense RNA strands with termini of ~13 nucleotides (nt) that share high intraspecies homology [ 23 , 24 ]. Distinct emaravirus species are characterised by RNA 1, 2 and 3 encoded proteins differing by >25% [ 25 ].…”